17,696 research outputs found
Strongly coupled large-angle stimulated Raman scattering of short laser pulses in plasma-filled capillaries
Strongly coupled large-angle stimulated Raman scattering (LA SRS) of a short
intense laser pulse proceeds in a plane plasma-filled capillary differently
than in a plasma with open boundaries. Oblique mirror reflections off capillary
walls partly suppress the lateral convection of scattered radiation and
increase the growth rate of the instability: the convective gain of the LA SRS
falls with an angle much slower than in an unbounded plasma and even for the
near-forward SRS can be close to that of the direct backscatter. The long-term
evolution of LA SRS in the interior of the capillary is dominated by
quasi-one-dimensional leaky modes, whose damping is related to the transmission
of electromagnetic waves through capillary walls.Comment: 11 pages, 6 figures; to be submitted to Physics of Plasma
Searching for signatures of planet formation in stars with circumstellar debris discs
(Abridged) Tentative correlations between the presence of dusty debris discs
and low-mass planets have been presented. In parallel, detailed chemical
abundance studies have reported different trends between samples of planet and
non-planet hosts. We determine in a homogeneous way the metallicity, and
abundances of a sample of 251 stars including stars with known debris discs,
with debris discs and planets, and only with planets. Stars with debris discs
and planets have the same [Fe/H] behaviour as stars hosting planets, and they
also show a similar -Tc trend. Different behaviour in the -Tc
trend is found between the samples of stars without planets and the samples of
planet hosts. In particular, when considering only refractory elements,
negative slopes are shown in cool giant planet hosts, whilst positive ones are
shown in stars hosting low-mass planets. Stars hosting exclusively close-in
giant planets show higher metallicities and positive -Tc slope. A
search for correlations between the -Tc slopes and the stellar
properties reveals a moderate but significant correlation with the stellar
radius and as well as a weak correlation with the stellar age. The fact that
stars with debris discs and stars with low-mass planets do not show neither
metal enhancement nor a different -Tc trend might indicate a
correlation between the presence of debris discs and the presence of low-mass
planets. We extend results from previous works which reported differences in
the -Tc trends between planet hosts and non hosts. However, these
differences tend to be present only when the star hosts a cool distant planet
and not in stars hosting exclusively low-mass planets.Comment: Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysic
Combined use of 16S ribosomal DNA and 16S rRNA to study the bacterial community of polychlorinated biphenyl-polluted soil
The bacterial diversity assessed from clone libraries prepared from rRNA (two libraries) and ribosomal DNA (rDNA) (one library) from polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB)-polluted soil has been analyzed. A good correspondence of the community composition found in the two types of library was observed. Nearly 29% of the cloned sequences in the rDNA library were identical to sequences in the rRNA libraries. More than 60% of the total cloned sequence types analyzed were grouped in phylogenetic groups (a clone group with sequence similarity higher than 97% [98% for Burkholderia andPseudomonas-type clones]) represented in both types of libraries. Some of those phylogenetic groups, mostly represented by a single (or pair) of cloned sequence type(s), were observed in only one of the types of library. An important difference between the libraries was the lack of clones representative of the Actinobacteriain the rDNA library. The PCB-polluted soil exhibited a high bacterial diversity which included representatives of two novel lineages. The apparent abundance of bacteria affiliated to the beta-subclass of theProteobacteria, and to the genus Burkholderiain particular, was confirmed by fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis. The possible influence on apparent diversity of low template concentrations was assessed by dilution of the RNA template prior to amplification by reverse transcription-PCR. Although differences in the composition of the two rRNA libraries obtained from high and low RNA concentrations were observed, the main components of the bacterial community were represented in both libraries, and therefore their detection was not compromised by the lower concentrations of template used in this study
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Atypical protein kinase C (PKCzeta/lambda) is a convergent downstream target of the insulin-stimulated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and TC10 signaling pathways.
Insulin stimulation of adipocytes resulted in the recruitment of atypical PKC (PKCzeta/lambda) to plasma membrane lipid raft microdomains. This redistribution of PKCzeta/lambda was prevented by Clostridium difficile toxin B and by cholesterol depletion, but was unaffected by inhibition of phosphatidylinositol (PI) 3-kinase activity. Expression of the constitutively active GTP-bound form of TC10 (TC10Q/75L), but not the inactive GDP-bound mutant (TC10/T31N), targeted PKCzeta/lambda to the plasma membrane through an indirect association with the Par6-Par3 protein complex. In parallel, insulin stimulation as well as TC10/Q75L resulted in the activation loop phosphorylation of PKCzeta. Although PI 3-kinase activation also resulted in PKCzeta/lambda phosphorylation, it was not recruited to the plasma membrane. Furthermore, insulin-induced GSK-3beta phosphorylation was mediated by both PI 3-kinase-PKB and the TC10-Par6-atypical PKC signaling pathways. Together, these data demonstrate that PKCzeta/lambda can serve as a convergent downstream target for both the PI 3-kinase and TC10 signaling pathways, but only the TC10 pathway induces a spatially restricted targeting to the plasma membrane
A Study of Non-Neutral Networks with Usage-based Prices
Hahn and Wallsten wrote that network neutrality "usually means that broadband
service providers charge consumers only once for Internet access, do not favor
one content provider over another, and do not charge content providers for
sending information over broadband lines to end users." In this paper we study
the implications of non-neutral behaviors under a simple model of linear
demand-response to usage-based prices. We take into account advertising
revenues and consider both cooperative and non-cooperative scenarios. In
particular, we model the impact of side-payments between service and content
providers. We also consider the effect of service discrimination by access
providers, as well as an extension of our model to non-monopolistic content
providers
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