FISHING IN SINALOA: BRIEF HISTORY AND SEARCH OF EPISTEME

This paper reports from bibliographic woven into three sections: a brief history of the prehispanic fishing, where the encounter between the indigenous communities of the State of Sinaloa and species that supported the incursion of primitive society in the various ecosystems are described water that make up the vast and varied territory of Sinaloa, where fishing is born as a function of interaction between society and nature through a deep empirical knowledge and a handmade primitive instrumentality that positions in the ecosystem within the flows of matter and energy. The importance of the species used for food fishing, religious symbolism and knowledge acquired and transmitted is denoted by the fishing process. In the second section the economic and social importance of fishing is contextualized, highlighting the current situation based on official information from the volumes recorded catch, species of economic importance and an account of the public policy process becomes mandataron fisheries, identifying transcendent moments on the national fisheries police and the current problem by going through today. Finally the episteme that addresses human resources training and scientific research supporting the fishing process Sinaloa taking the experience in developing the curriculum innovation plan of the Faculty of Marine Science in 2007 is discussed

La pesca en Sinaloa: Breve historia y búsqueda del Episteme

El presente trabajo desde los reportes bibliográficos se teje en tres apartados: la historia breve de la pesca prehispánica, donde se describe el encuentro con entre las comunidades originarias del estado de Sinaloa y las especies que sustentaron la incursión de la sociedad primitiva en los diversos ecosistemas acuáticos que componen el vasto y variado territorio sinaloense, en donde nace la pesca como una función de interacción entre la sociedad y la naturaleza a través de un profundo conocimiento empírico y una instrumentalidad primitiva artesanal que los posiciona en el ecosistema dentro de los flujos de materia y energía. Se denota la importancia de las especies usadas por la pesca en la alimentación, el simbolismo religioso y los saberes adquiridos y transmitidos por el proceso pesquero. En el segundo apartado se contextualiza la importancia económica y social de la pesca, destacando la situación actual en función de la información oficial de los volúmenes de captura registrados, las especies de importancia económica y se hace un recuento de las políticas públicas que mandataron el proceso de la pesca, identificando momentos trascendentes en la política pesquera nacional y la problemática actual por la que hoy atraviesa. Por último se aborda el episteme que se aproxima a la formación de recursos humanos y la investigación científica que lo retroalimenta y a la vez soportan el proceso pesquero en Sinaloa, tomando la experiencia en la elaboración del plan de innovación curricular de la Facultad de Ciencias del Mar en 2007

Age, growth and age structure of amarillo snapper off the coast of Mazatlán, Sinaloa, México

To estimate age, describe individual growth, and determine the catch age structure of amarillo snapper Lutjanus argentiventris off the coast of Mazatlán, Sinaloa, artisanal fishery catches were sampled from December 2002 to November 2003. A total of 483 specimens were sampled that measured between 160 and 660 mm total length (TL) and had a total weight (TW) of between 60 and 4,685 g. The TL–TW relationship (TW = 0.0135TL3.03) showed isometric growth (slope b = 3.0; t-test: P > 0.05). From growth mark readings in 265 sagittal otoliths, 12 age-groups between ages 1 and 17 were identified, and the predominant ages were 1–3 years. Monthly change in the otolith edge width allowed us to determine that growth marks had an annual periodicity; the formation of each growth mark ended in June, which coincided with the species' main spawning peak. Von Bertalanffy growth equation parameters estimated from age–TL data were 735 mm for asymptotic length (L∞), 0.097 per year for the growth coefficient (K), and −2.05 years for age at a TL of zero (t0). The age composition of the catch indicated that 95% of specimens were between ages 1 and 5 and 80% of specimens were younger than age 4 (the age at which 50% of the population reproduces for the first time). Age-6 amarillo snapper had a reduced importance, not exceeding 5%. This study is the first that uses otoliths for determining age and describing growth of the amarillo snapper

Reproductive aspects of Sphoeroides annulatus (Jenyns, 1842) (Tetraodontiformes, Tetraodontidae) inhabiting the Mazatlan coast, Sinaloa, Mexico

La muestra de Sphoeroides annulatus capturada en la costa de Mazatlán, Sinaloa, México fue predominantemente de adultos, como resultado de una aparente distribución diferencial por talla/edad de la especie. La proporción sexual fue 1:1. Las hembras presentaron un crecimiento alométrico y los machos, isométrico. De acuerdo con el análisis morfocromático de las gónadas, la época de reproducción es en abril-mayo y octubre-noviembre, aunque los machos presentan madurez durante periodos más amplios. El IGS sí es un buen indicador de la época de reproducción de S. annulatus, mientras que el Kn muestra una tendencia a disminuir durante el periodo de reproducción

Contemporary use of cefazolin for MSSA infective endocarditis: analysis of a national prospective cohort

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the real use of cefazolin for methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) infective endocarditis (IE) in the Spanish National Endocarditis Database (GAMES) and to compare it with antistaphylococcal penicillin (ASP). Methods: Prospective cohort study with retrospective analysis of a cohort of MSSA IE treated with cloxacillin and/or cefazolin. Outcomes assessed were relapse; intra-hospital, overall, and endocarditis-related mortality; and adverse events. Risk of renal toxicity with each treatment was evaluated separately. Results: We included 631 IE episodes caused by MSSA treated with cloxacillin and/or cefazolin. Antibiotic treatment was cloxacillin, cefazolin, or both in 537 (85%), 57 (9%), and 37 (6%) episodes, respectively. Patients treated with cefazolin had significantly higher rates of comorbidities (median Charlson Index 7, P <0.01) and previous renal failure (57.9%, P <0.01). Patients treated with cloxacillin presented higher rates of septic shock (25%, P = 0.033) and new-onset or worsening renal failure (47.3%, P = 0.024) with significantly higher rates of in-hospital mortality (38.5%, P = 0.017). One-year IE-related mortality and rate of relapses were similar between treatment groups. None of the treatments were identified as risk or protective factors. Conclusion: Our results suggest that cefazolin is a valuable option for the treatment of MSSA IE, without differences in 1-year mortality or relapses compared with cloxacillin, and might be considered equally effective