Excitation and Disruption of a Giant Molecular Cloud by the Supernova Remnant 3C391

Using the IRAM 30-m telescope, we observed the supernova remnant 3C 391 (G31.9+0.0) and its surroundings in the CO(2-1), HCO+(1-0), CS(2-1), CS(3-2), and CS(5-4) lines. The ambient molecular gas at the distance (9 kpc) of the remnant comprises a giant molecular cloud whose edge is closely parallel to a ridge of bright non-thermal radio continuum, which evidently delineates the blast-wave into the cloud. We found that in a small (0.6 pc) portion of the radio shell, the molecular line profiles consist of a narrow (2 km/s) component, plus a very wide (> 20 km/s) component. Both spectral components peak within 20" of a previously-detected OH 1720 MHz maser. We name this source 3C 391:BML (broad molecular line); it provides a new laboratory, similar to IC 443 but on a larger scale, to study shock interactions with dense molecular gas. The wide spectral component is relatively brighter in the higher-excitation lines. We interpret the wide spectral component as post-shock gas, either smoothly accelerated or partially dissociated and reformed behind the shock. The narrow component is either the pre-shock gas or cold gas reformed behind a fully dissociative shock. Using the 3 observed CS lines, we measured the temperature, CS column density, and H2 volume density in a dense clump in the parent molecular cloud as well as the wide-line and narrow-line portions of the shocked clump. The physical conditions of the narrow-line gas are comparable to the highest-density clumps in the giant molecular cloud, while the wide-line gas is both warmer and denser. The mass of compressed gas in 3C 391:BML is high enough that its self-gravity is significant, and eventually it could form one or several stars

Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station, Bulletin no. 77, March 1908: Cotton culture

The Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station periodically issues revisions to its publications. The most current edition is made available. For access to an earlier edition, if available for this title, please contact the Oklahoma State University Library Archives by email at [email protected] or by phone at 405-744-6311

Clonal Strain Persistence of Candida albicans Isolates from Chronic Mucocutaneous Candidiasis Patients

Funding: The study was supported by the MRC for a PhD studentship for AM and the Wellcome Trust for funding (086827, 075470, 097377 & 101873). Acknowledgments We thank Professor Frank Odds for MLST central database curation and useful discussions.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Human response to vibration in residential environments

This paper presents the main findings of a field survey conducted in the United Kingdom into the human response to vibration in residential environments. The main aim of this study was to derive exposure-response relationships for annoyance due to vibration from environmental sources. The sources of vibration considered in this paper are railway and construction activity. Annoyance data were collected using questionnaires conducted face-to-face with residents in their own homes. Questionnaires were completed with residents exposed to railway induced vibration (N = 931) and vibration from the construction of a light rail system (N = 350). Measurements of vibration were conducted at internal and external positions from which estimates of 24-h vibration exposure were derived for 1073 of the case studies. Sixty different vibration exposure descriptors along with 6 different frequency weightings were assessed as potential predictors of annoyance. Of the exposure descriptors considered, none were found to be a better predictor of annoyance than any other. However, use of relevant frequency weightings was found to improve correlation between vibration exposure and annoyance. A unified exposure-response relationship could not be derived due to differences in response to the two sources so separate relationships are presented for each source. (C) 2014 Acoustical Society of America

ESA Venus Entry Probe Study

The Venus Entry Probe is one of ESA s Technology Reference Studies (TRS). The purpose of the Technology Reference Studies is to provide a focus for the development of strategically important technologies that are of likely relevance for future scientific missions. The aim of the Venus Entry Probe TRS is to study approaches for low cost in-situ exploration of Venus and other planetary bodies with a significant atmosphere. In this paper, the mission objectives and an outline of the mission concept of the Venus Entry Probe TRS are presented

Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station, Bulletin no. 87, February 1910: Corn culture

The Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station periodically issues revisions to its publications. The most current edition is made available. For access to an earlier edition, if available for this title, please contact the Oklahoma State University Library Archives by email at [email protected] or by phone at 405-744-6311

Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station, Bulletin no. 85, June 1909: Bermuda grass

The Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station periodically issues revisions to its publications. The most current edition is made available. For access to an earlier edition, if available for this title, please contact the Oklahoma State University Library Archives by email at [email protected] or by phone at 405-744-6311

Benefits of Exergy-Based Analysis for Aerospace Engineering Applications—Part I

This paper compares the analysis of systems from two different perspectives: an energy-based focus and an exergy-based focus. A complex system was simply modeled as interacting thermodynamic systems to illustrate the differences in analysis methodologies and results. The energy-based analysis had combinations of calculated states that are infeasible. On the other hand, the exergy-based analyses only allow feasible states. More importantly, the exergy-based analyses provide clearer insight to the combination of operating conditions for optimum system-level performance. The results strongly suggest changing the analysis/design paradigm used in aerospace engineering from energy-based to exergy-based. This methodology shift is even more critical in exploratory research and development where previous experience may not be available to provide guidance. Although the models used herein may appear simplistic, the message is very powerful and extensible to higher-fidelity models: the 1st Law is only a necessary condition for design, whereas the 1st and 2nd Laws provide the sufficiency condition

Analytic Perturbation Theory: A New Approach to the Analytic Continuation of the Strong Coupling Constant αS\alpha_S into the Timelike Region

The renormalization group applied to perturbation theory is ordinarily used to define the running coupling constant in the spacelike region. However, to describe processes with timelike momenta transfers, it is important to have a self-consistent determination of the running coupling constant in the timelike region. The technique called analytic perturbation theory (APT) allows a consistent determination of this running coupling constant. The results are found to disagree significantly with those obtained in the standard perturbative approach. Comparison between the standard approach and APT is carried out to two loops, and threshold matching in APT is applied in the timelike region.Comment: 16 pages, REVTeX, 7 postscript figure

Sources and survival of Listeria monocytogenes on fresh, leafy produce

Listeria monocytogenes in an intracellular human pathogen which enters the body through contaminated food stuffs and is known to contaminate fresh leafy produce such as spinach, lettuce and rocket. Routinely, fresh leafy produce is grown and processed on a large scale before reaching the consumer through various products such as sandwiches and prepared salads. From farm to fork, the fresh leafy produce supply chain is complex and contains a diverse range of environments where L. monocytogenes is sporadically detected during routine sampling of produce and processing areas. This review describes sources of the bacteria in the fresh leafy produce supply chain and outlines the physiological and molecular mechanisms behind its survival in the different environments associated with growing and processing fresh produce. Finally, current methods of source tracking the bacteria in the context of the food supply chain are discussed with emphasis on how these methods can provide additional, valuable information on the risk that L. monocytogenes isolates pose to the consume