Modelos epistémicos de la lectura en estudiantes universitarios mexicanos

Este estudio explora el empleo de tres modelos epistémicos de lectura (transaccional, transmisión, translación (Schraw y Bruning, 1996; Peredo Merlo, 2003) y su relación con la asiduidad lectora de 15 estudiantes universitarios mexicanos. Se categorizó a los sujetos con base en la información proporcionada mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas y reportes verbales. Los resultados sitúan a la mayoría de los informantes en el modelo transaccional, el cual favorece la comprensión del texto. El surgimiento de esquemas mixtos indica la emergencia de etapas de transición entre los modelos. Un análisis posterior reveló que otras características de acercamiento al texto como frecuencia de lectura, variación en estrategias, personalización y crítica del texto compartidos por los sujetos, se relacionan con los modelos y confirmarían la existencia de las epistemologías. Finalmente, se analizan las implicaciones didácticas

Thinking vulnerability infrastructurally: Interdependence and possibility in Lebanon’s overlapping crises

The notion of ‘vulnerability’ has gained growing traction in a range of different fields, from disaster risk reduction to feminist theory. This increased academic use has been paralleled by a rise in the use of the term as an operational concept in humanitarian and development policy. Using the incongruent deployments of the term as a starting point, this article examines the assumptions underpinning definitions of vulnerability in humanitarian programming in Lebanon, with a particular focus on the links between Lebanon’s crisis of public services and the mass displacement from neighbouring Syria since 2011. We show that, in the international response to Lebanon’s overlapping crises, ‘vulnerability’ is operationalised in ways that fail to address underlying causes, and thus resist meaningful transformation while even bearing the potential of additional harm. Based on the finding that vulnerabilities emanating from Lebanon’s public service crisis and from mass displacement are deeply entangled, the article proposes that an ‘infrastructural’ approach to vulnerability may better be able to address precariousness and precarity linked to basic service provision. An infrastructural approach, we posit, foregrounds dynamic interdependency and relationality with the human and non-human environment. Such a view allows us to acknowledge the power relations at work in both the production and alleviation of vulnerability and ultimately may better enable us to ‘think otherwise’ in situations of seemingly perpetual crisis and disruption

Phase Statistics of Soliton

The characteristic function of soliton phase jitter is found analytically when the soliton is perturbed by amplifier noise. In additional to that from amplitude jitter, the nonlinear phase noise due to frequency and timing jitter is also analyzed. Because the nonlinear phase noise is not Gaussian distributed, the overall phase jitter is also non-Gaussian. For a fixed mean nonlinear phase shift, the contribution of nonlinear phase noise from frequency and timing jitter decreases with distance and signal-to-noise ratio.Comment: 8 pages, submitted to JOSA

Study of multiband disordered systems using the typical medium dynamical cluster approximation

We generalize the typical medium dynamical cluster approximation to multiband disordered systems. Using our extended formalism, we perform a systematic study of the non-local correlation effects induced by disorder on the density of states and the mobility edge of the three-dimensional two-band Anderson model. We include inter-band and intra-band hopping and an intra-band disorder potential. Our results are consistent with the ones obtained by the transfer matrix and the kernel polynomial methods. We apply the method to K$_x$Fe$_{2-y}$Se$_2$ with Fe vacancies. Despite the strong vacancy disorder and anisotropy, we find the material is not an Anderson insulator. Our results demonstrate the application of the typical medium dynamical cluster approximation method to study Anderson localization in real materials.Comment: 10 pages, 8 figure

On a Generalization of the Frobenius Number

We consider a generalization of the Frobenius Problem where the object of interest is the greatest integer which has exactly $j$ representations by a collection of positive relatively prime integers. We prove an analogue of a theorem of Brauer and Shockley and show how it can be used for computation.Comment: 5 page

IDENTIFICACIÓN DE PROBLEMAS QUE EXISTEN AL CALCULAR LAS MEDIDAS DE COMPLEJIDAD LÉXICA EN EL IDIOMA ESPAÑOL

English is one of the most widely spoken languages in the world and there are some linguists who have developed measures to discover how difficult a text is according to its content for example Type-token Ratio, Lexical Variation and Lexical Density. These measures have been used only in English and they are helpful in English teaching to assess students and as a tool to produce materials to improve reading comprehension and teach English in general. Even though there is a way to determine the complexity of a text in English, lack of studies in Spanish has not given the possibility to measure in this language. As a consequence measures like Type-token Ratio, Lexical Variation and Lexical Density do not have a specific range to indicate the level of complexity in Spanish. As it was mentioned before these measures are used only in English so it was essential to use these measures in two texts in English and its translations in Spanish. The purpose was to compare the texts in English and Spanish because the content is similar in both languages and the results of the measures in English could be adapted in Spanish

Investigating preservice teachers’ instructional decision-making for reading

Student reading achievement is an ongoing concern for educators, researchers, and policymakers due to continually low proficiency scores. One response to this on-going need is to examine qualities effective teachers possess to prepare effective preservice teachers. In this grounded theory study, one specific component of effective teaching, in-the-moment decision-making, was examined. Activity theory was utilized to examine the in-the-moment decisions made, the rationales cited for these decisions, and the influence of personal experiences, courses, internships, and planning on those decisions and rationales. The participants were six special education preservice teachers enrolled in a special education reading methods course where they tutored elementary students with reading difficulties or disabilities in a Title I public elementary school after school. The participants video-recorded themselves providing reading instruction three times over the semester. The videos were used to collect observational data by the researcher and were watched by the participant and researcher during video-stimulated recall interviews. Other collected data included lesson plans, belief and demographic survey, course assignments (i.e., assessment case study, intervention plan, and course syllabus. The surveys and interviews were analyzed using constant comparative methods across three stages (i.e., initial, focused, selective). The preservice teachers made twelve different types of in-the-moment decisions and cited nine different rationales for the decisions. Furthermore, the findings indicate that although the influences varied across participants, in-the-moment decisions were heavily influenced by courses and internships while a lack of planning influenced the rationales. Implications for research and practice are also discussed