Diálogos entre arte y educación : una experiencia en la enseñanza de la asignatura administración en salud

Relata-se a experiência do ensino da administração em saúde em conversas com as expressões artísticas no curso de graduação em enfermagem, mediadas pela obra - As Intermitências da Morte, de José Saramago. Teoriza-se sobre o desenvolvimento da autonomia, do potencial criativo e da capacidade de abstração na formação de enfermeiros por meio da interface entre a arte e a educação. Objetiva-se refletir sobre as possibilidades de aprendizagem a partir das expressões da arte, bem como analisar a experiência do ensino da gestão do Sistema Único de Saúde em diálogo com a arte e a educação. A vivência indica que a interface entre a produção acadêmica, a teorização das práticas, a criatividade, a abstração ética e estética produz sentidos de aprendizagem que ultrapassam a racionalidade instrumental, contribuindo para a formação de cidadãos e profissionais de saúde. _______________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACTIn this study is described an experience on teaching of health administration in a nursing graduation course, mediated by José Saramago’s book titled - The Intermittency of the Death. It is discussed the autonomy development, the creativity potential and the abstraction capacity during the nursing graduation course, through the interface between art and education. Claiming to show the learning possibilities with the use of art expressions and analyzing the experience of teaching Public Health System management in dialogue with art and education, begins a theoretical reflection on health administration content with the art expression. The experience indicates that the interface between the academic production, the practice theory, the creativity, the ethical and aesthetical abstraction produces learning that goes beyond of the rationality instrumental, contributing to capacity citizens and health professionals. _______________________________________________________________________________________ RESUMENEn este estudio se describe una experiencia vivida en la enseñanza de la asignatura Administración en Salud, en el curso de enfermería, la cual fue mediada por el libro - Las Intermitencias de la Muerte de José Saramago. Se discute sobre el desarrollo de la autonomía, el potencial creativo y la capacidad de abstracción en la formación de enfermeros, a través de la interfaz entre arte y educación. Su objetivo es reflexionar sobre las posibilidades de aprendizaje usando las expresiones del arte, así como analizar la experiencia de la enseñanza de la gestión del Sistema Público de Salud en diálogo con el arte y la educación. La experiencia vivida indica que la interfaz entre la producción académica, la teorización de las prácticas, la creatividad, la abstracción ética y estética produce sentidos de aprendizaje que van más allá de la racionalidad instrumental, lo que contribuye a la formación de ciudadanos y profesionales de salud

Hábitos alimentares e sua correlação com o desenvolvimento de carcinogênese gástrica na população brasileira: Uma revisão da literatura / Food habits and their correlation with the development of gastric carcinogenesis in the brazilian population: A literature review

Introdução: A alimentação no Brasil é rica em condimentos, sal e temperos, podendo assim, estar fortemente relacionada a alta incidência de câncer gastrointestinal. Desta forma, para que ocorra um planejamento da saúde preventiva e, consequentemente, a redução dos casos, é necessário entender os fatores vinculados ao surgimento da patologia. Objetivo: Correlacionar o desenvolvimento deste tipo de neoplasia com fatores dietéticos. Metodologia: Os dados foram coletados no período de 2009 a 2019 a partir de artigos da base de dados PubMed, Scielo, Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e estatística (IBGE) e Instituto Nacional do Câncer (INCA), com base nos critérios de inclusão e dos descritores: “comida salgada”, “carne vermelha”, “carnes processadas”, “câncer” e “Brasil”. Resultados: Foram selecionados 8 artigos, e foi observada a prevalência do consumo de carnes processadas, vermelha e alimentos com alto teor de sódio. As regiões brasileiras com maior incidência de câncer colorretal e estômago são: sudeste, seguida da região sul e região nordeste. Nessas regiões as taxas de incidência da soma dos casos de câncer colorretal e estômago representaram 10,9% de todos os casos da região sudeste, 8,42% de todos os casos da região sul e na região nordeste cerca de 8,78% de todos os casos. Conclusão: Os resultados encontrados sugerem que a manifestação do câncer gastrointestinal pode ser associada a fatores dietéticos, dependendo das porções alimentares consumidas e a frequência das mesmas.. Portanto, é imprescindível destacar a importância de hábitos alimentares saudáveis com a finalidade de reduzir a incidência do desenvolvimento carcinogênico gastrointestinal.

First-time Isolation of Flavonoids and Cytotoxic Potential of the Amazonian Shrub Ptychopetalum olacoides Benth

In the present study, three flavonoids, 3-O-methylquercetin (1), 3,4'-O-dimethylquercetin (2) and 3,7-O-dimethylquercetin (3) were isolated and characterized for the first time from a methanol extract obtained from the species Ptychopetalum olacoides. The structures of compounds were identified by spectroscopic methods (1D-, 2D-NMR, MS and UV) and confirmed by comparison with the respective literature data. The cytotoxic effect of crude extract was evaluated in vitro against three human cancer cell lines. The results showed a mild cytotoxic activity (IC50 = 45.16 mu g/mL) against breast cancer (MCF-7). However, crude extract did not exhibit any cytotoxic effect against normal cell human fibroblast (MRC-5).FAPERJCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Univ Fed Fluminense, Inst Quim, Dept Quim Organ, Campus Valonguinho, BR-24020141 Niteroi, RJ, BrazilUniv Fed Para, Inst Ciencias Biol, BR-66075110 Belem, Para, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Ciencias Mar, BR-11070100 Santos, SP, BrazilUniv Fed Rural Rio de Janeiro, Dept Quim, BR-23897000 Seropedica, RJ, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Ciencias Mar, BR-11070100 Santos, SP, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Prognostic and Predictive Significance of MYC and KRAS Alterations in Breast Cancer from Women Treated with Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy

Breast cancer is a complex disease, with heterogeneous clinical evolution. Several analyses have been performed to identify the risk factors for breast cancer progression and the patients who respond best to a specific treatment. We aimed to evaluate whether the hormone receptor expression, HER2 and MYC genes and their protein status, and KRAS codon 12 mutations may be prognostic or predictive biomarkers of breast cancer. Protein, gene and mutation status were concomitantly evaluated in 116 breast tumors from women who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy with doxorubicin plus cyclophosphamide. We observed that MYC expression was associated with luminal B and HER2 overexpression phenotypes compared to luminal A (p= 2.5 was a protective factor for chemotherapy resistance. On the other hand, age and grade 2 tumors were a risk factor. Additionally, luminal B, HER2 overexpression, and triple-negative tumors presented increased odds of being resistant to chemotherapy relative to luminal A tumors. Thus, breast tumors with KRAS codon 12 mutations seem to present a worse prognosis. Additionally, MYC amplification may help in the identification of tumors that are sensitive to doxorubicin plus cyclophosphamide treatment. If confirmed in a large set of samples, these markers may be useful for clinical stratification and prognosis.Fundacao Amazonia Paraense de Amparo a PesquisaConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Ophir Loyola Hosp, Mastol Unit, Belem, PA, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Orthopaed & Traumatol, São Paulo, BrazilFed Univ Para, Inst Biol Sci, Human Cytogenet Lab, BR-66059 Belem, PA, BrazilHosp Univ La Paz, Res Unit Unidad Invest, Madrid, SpainFed Univ Para, Nucleu Res Oncol, Joao de Barros Barreto Univ Hosp, BR-66059 Belem, PA, BrazilUniv Fed Piaui, Dept Biomed, Parnaiba, PI, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Div Genet, Dept Morphol & Genet, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Orthopaed & Traumatol, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Div Genet, Dept Morphol & Genet, São Paulo, BrazilFundacao Amazonia Paraense de Amparo a Pesquisa: FAPESPA/PPSUS 247/2009Fundacao Amazonia Paraense de Amparo a Pesquisa: 300240/2009Web of Scienc

Occurrence of Helicobacter pylori and Epstein-Barr virus infection in endoscopic and gastric cancer patients from Northern Brazil

Background: Helicobacter pylori (HP) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) have been associated with cancer development. We evaluated the prevalence of HP, HP CagA(+) and EBV infection in gastric cancer (GC) samples from adults and in gastric tissues from patients who underwent upper endoscopy (UE).Methods: Samples from UE and GC were collected to investigate the presence of HP infection and the HP virulence factor CagA by a urease test and PCR. the presence of EBV was detected by Eber-1 in situ hybridization.Results: in UE, 85.5% of juvenile patients showed some degree of gastritis (45.3% of patients with mild gastritis and 54.7% with moderate/severe gastritis) and patients with mild gastritis were younger than patients with moderate/severe gastritis. Among adults, 48.7% presented mild gastritis and 51.3% moderate/severe gastritis. HP infection was detected in 0% of normal mucosa, 58.5% of juvenile gastritis patients, 69.2% of adult gastritis patients and 88% of GC patients. in these same groups, HP CagA(+) was detected in 0%, 37.7%, 61.5% and 67.2% of tissue samples, respectively. in juvenile patients, HP infection was more common in those with gastritis than in normal samples (p = 0.004). the patients with either HP or HP CagA(+) were older than patients without these pathogens (p < 0.05). in juvenile patients, HP infection was more frequent in cases of moderate/severe gastritis than in cases of mild gastritis (p = 0.026). Moreover, in patients with GC, HP infection was more frequent in males than in females (p = 0.023). GC patients with HP CagA(+) were older than patients with HP CagA-(p = 0.027). HP CagA(+) was more common in intestinal-type than diffuse-type GC (p = 0.012). HP CagA(+) was also associated with lymph-node (p = 0.024) and distal (p = 0.005) metastasis. No association between EBV infection and HP infection or any clinicopathological variable was detected.Conclusions: Our results suggest that HP is involved in the pathophysiology of severe gastric lesions and in the development of GC, particularly when CagA(+) is present. EBV was not the primary pathogenic factor in our samples.Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Fed Univ Para, Inst Ciencias Biol, Lab Citogenet Humana, BR-66075110 Belem, PA, BrazilFed Univ Para, Inst Ciencias Saude, BR-66075110 Belem, PA, BrazilCtr Univ Para, Belem, PA, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Ortopedia & Traumatol, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Morfol & Genet, Disciplina Genet, São Paulo, BrazilFed Univ Para, BR-66075110 Belem, PA, BrazilUniv Fed Ceara, Fac Odontol, Dept Oral Pathol, Fortaleza, CE, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Ortopedia & Traumatol, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Morfol & Genet, Disciplina Genet, São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Kinase Inhibitor Screening Displayed ALK as a Possible Therapeutic Biomarker for Gastric Cancer

Despite advances in cancer chemotherapy, gastric cancer (GC) continues to have high recurrence rates and poor prognosis with limited treatment options. Understanding the etiology of GC and developing more effective, less harmful therapeutic approaches are vital and urgent. Therefore, this work describes a novel kinase target in malignant gastric cells as a potential therapeutic strategy. Our results demonstrate that among 147 kinase inhibitors (KI), only three molecules were significantly cytotoxic for the AGP-01 cell line. Hence, these three molecules were further characterized in their cellular mode of action. There was significant cell cycle impairment due to the expression modulation of genes such as TP53, CDKN1A, CDC25A, MYC, and CDK2 with subsequent induction of apoptosis. In fact, the Gene Ontology analysis revealed a significant enrichment of pathways related to cell cycle regulation (GO:1902749 and GO:1903047). Moreover, the three selected KIs significantly reduced cell migration and Vimentin mRNA expression after treatment. Surprisingly, the three KIs share the same target, ALK and INSR, but only the ALK gene was found to have a high expression level in the gastric cancer cell line. Additionally, lower survival rates were observed for patients with high ALK expression in TCGA-STAD analysis. In summary, we hypothesize that ALK gene overexpression can be a promising biomarker for prognosis and therapeutic management of gastric adenocarcinoma

The Genomic Ancestry of Individuals from Different Geographical Regions of Brazil Is More Uniform Than Expected

Based on pre-DNA racial/color methodology, clinical and pharmacological trials have traditionally considered the different geographical regions of Brazil as being very heterogeneous. We wished to ascertain how such diversity of regional color categories correlated with ancestry. Using a panel of 40 validated ancestry-informative insertion-deletion DNA polymorphisms we estimated individually the European, African and Amerindian ancestry components of 934 self-categorized White, Brown or Black Brazilians from the four most populous regions of the Country. We unraveled great ancestral diversity between and within the different regions. Especially, color categories in the northern part of Brazil diverged significantly in their ancestry proportions from their counterparts in the southern part of the Country, indicating that diverse regional semantics were being used in the self-classification as White, Brown or Black. To circumvent these regional subjective differences in color perception, we estimated the general ancestry proportions of each of the four regions in a form independent of color considerations. For that, we multiplied the proportions of a given ancestry in a given color category by the official census information about the proportion of that color category in the specific region, to arrive at a “total ancestry” estimate. Once such a calculation was performed, there emerged a much higher level of uniformity than previously expected. In all regions studied, the European ancestry was predominant, with proportions ranging from 60.6% in the Northeast to 77.7% in the South. We propose that the immigration of six million Europeans to Brazil in the 19th and 20th centuries - a phenomenon described and intended as the “whitening of Brazil” - is in large part responsible for dissipating previous ancestry dissimilarities that reflected region-specific population histories. These findings, of both clinical and sociological importance for Brazil, should also be relevant to other countries with ancestrally admixed populations

Geography and ecology shape the phylogenetic composition of Amazonian tree communities

AimAmazonia hosts more tree species from numerous evolutionary lineages, both young and ancient, than any other biogeographic region. Previous studies have shown that tree lineages colonized multiple edaphic environments and dispersed widely across Amazonia, leading to a hypothesis, which we test, that lineages should not be strongly associated with either geographic regions or edaphic forest types.LocationAmazonia.TaxonAngiosperms (Magnoliids; Monocots; Eudicots).MethodsData for the abundance of 5082 tree species in 1989 plots were combined with a mega-phylogeny. We applied evolutionary ordination to assess how phylogenetic composition varies across Amazonia. We used variation partitioning and Moran's eigenvector maps (MEM) to test and quantify the separate and joint contributions of spatial and environmental variables to explain the phylogenetic composition of plots. We tested the indicator value of lineages for geographic regions and edaphic forest types and mapped associations onto the phylogeny.ResultsIn the terra firme and várzea forest types, the phylogenetic composition varies by geographic region, but the igapó and white-sand forest types retain a unique evolutionary signature regardless of region. Overall, we find that soil chemistry, climate and topography explain 24% of the variation in phylogenetic composition, with 79% of that variation being spatially structured (R2 = 19% overall for combined spatial/environmental effects). The phylogenetic composition also shows substantial spatial patterns not related to the environmental variables we quantified (R2 = 28%). A greater number of lineages were significant indicators of geographic regions than forest types.Main ConclusionNumerous tree lineages, including some ancient ones (&gt;66 Ma), show strong associations with geographic regions and edaphic forest types of Amazonia. This shows that specialization in specific edaphic environments has played a long-standing role in the evolutionary assembly of Amazonian forests. Furthermore, many lineages, even those that have dispersed across Amazonia, dominate within a specific region, likely because of phylogenetically conserved niches for environmental conditions that are prevalent within regions