Analysis of Indicators of Health Status in Provinces and Ten Regions of Iran

Background: Health sector is one of the most important management sectors that improvement of its indicators, leads to increased wellbeing of people, costs reduction and ultimately sustainable development. The purpose of this study was to investigate health status indicators of Iran provinces and to rank the provinces and ten regions of Iran accordingly. Methods: The method of study was descriptive and analytical. The population of the study included 31 provinces and ten regions of Iran. In this study, 20 health indicators were selected. Entropy method was used for weighting. In order to rank provinces and regions of the country, TOPSIS was used and finally for mapping Arc GIS 10.1 was used. Results: According to the results, Gilan, Semnan and Yazd provinces gained respectively the first ranks and Sistan and Baluchestan, Kermanshah and Khuzestan provinces were respectively ranked as the last ones. In the ranking of regions, in terms of development, north coastal regions and central areas gained respectively the first and the second ranks and the southeastern region was in the last place. Conclusion: Most of the provinces were grouped as deprived and relatively deprived and in terms of health status indicators were in a state of instability. Political and administrative centralization are the main factors causing this situation. In order to improve the distribution of health sectors and to reduce losses resulting from deprivation, the large south-east region and the provinces of Sistan and Baluchestan, Khuzestan, Kermanshah, Kurdistan and West Azerbaijan should be considered in investment and planning priorities

The effect of 6 weeks decreased activity in the form of spinal cord ligation on CDK5 expression in sciatic nerve of Wistar male rats with neuropathic pain

چکیده مقدمه: درد نوروپاتیک به صورت درد ناشی از آسیب یا بیماری سیستم عصبی حسی- پیکری تعریف می‌شود. نورون‌ها به کاهش و افزایش فعالیت به لحاظ بیوشمیایی سازگار می‌شوند که چنین تغییرات بیوشمیایی می‌تواند در حفظ و بقای نورون‌ها اثر گذار باشد، با توجه به نقش تنظیمی CDK5 در عملکرد و ساختار اعصاب هدف از انجام پژوهش حاضر بررسی تاثیر شش هفته فعالیت کاهش یافته به شکل درد نوروپاتیک بر بیان CDK5 در عصب سیاتیک رت های نر دارای درد نوروپاتیک بود. مواد و روش‌ها: 10سر موش صحرایی نر نژاد ویستار با میانگین وزن 20±250 گرم به 2 گروه کنترل سالم(5n=) و گروه فعالیت کاهش یافته (SNL) (5n=) تقسیم شدند. طی شش هفته آینده آزمون‌های رفتاری درد نوروپاتیک در گروه‌های پژوهشی به طور مستمر انجام شد. در پایان 6 هفته تغییرات بیان ژن CDK5 در عصب سیاتیک با تکنیک Real time اندازه‌گیری و با روش 2-ΔΔCT محاسبه شد. نتایج: پس از 6 هفته وزن عضله نعلی در گروه لیگاتوربندی شده به طور معناداری نسبت به گروه کنترل کاهش داشت(05/0 ≤ P). در آزمون‌های رفتاری درد نوروپاتیک آلودنیای مکانیکی و هایپرآلژزنیای حرارتی نشان داده شد در گروه لیگاتور بندی آستانه تحریک درد نسبت به گروه کنترل به طور معناداری کمتر بود(05/0 ≤ P). میزان بیان ژن CDK5 در عصب سیاتیک در گروه لیگاتور بندی شده به طور معناداری (پاتولوژیک) نسبت به گروه کنترل افزایش نشان داد(05/0 ≤ P). بحث و نتیجه‌گیری: به نظر می‌رسد در پی یک دوره فعالیت کاهش یافته با مدل SNL ، افزایش پاتولوژیک بیان ژن CDK5 منجر به اثرات مخرب بر سیستم عصب و عضله، و ظهور نشانه‌های پاتولوژیکی نظیر، آتروفی عضلانی، عصبی، تسریع روند آپوپتوز و تخریب عصبی می‌گردد

Synthesis and characterization of silver-chitosan nanoparticles on textile

Metal nanoparticles these times have gathered huge popularity in the fields of health industry. This study focuses on synthesis of silver and chitosan nanoparticles and study their antibacterial effects and cytotoxicity when they are coated on a fabric. The prepared fabric was subjected to characterization techniques such as XPS, XRD, EDX and SEM. These tests confirmed the presence of silver nanoparticles on the surface of the fabric. Antibacterial and cytotoxicity tests were conducted, and the results exhibited that silver nanoparticles have showed good antibacterial effect on both gram positive and gram-negative bacteria and showed no cytotoxicity. The antibacterial effect was effective after 10 cycles of washing.t PLASMAMED - PTDC/CTM-TEX/28295/2017 fnanced by FCT, FEDER and POCI in the frame of the Portugal 2020 program, the project UID/CTM/00264/2019 of 2C2T under the COMPETE and FCT/MCTES (PIDDAC) co-fnanced by FEDER through the PT2020 progra

Ex-situ and in-situ post-photosynthesis of silver nanoparticles on polyamide fabric using daylight irradiation

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been ex-situ post-synthesized in an aqueous solution and in-situ synthesized on polyamide fabric through a simple chemical reduction method by using silver nitrate (AgNO3), stannous chloride (SnCl2) and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) under daylight irradiation. SnCl2 and CTAB act as reducing and stabilizing agents in the colloidal silver nanoparticles solution respectively. Post in-situ synthesis of Ag NPs have been carried out on polyamide fabric by spraying solution of AgNO3, CTAB and SnCl2 on the fabric and then irradiating under daylight for 2 h. Ag NPs solutions and Ag NPs loaded polyamide fabrics are characterized by UV-vis spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Appearing a strong plasmon resonance peak at 400 nm in UV-visible spectrum, XRD patterns and SEM images are found to clearly confirm the formation of silver nanoparticles. The UV-vis spectra also confirm no Ag NPs formation without daylight irradiation

Firms’ environmental performance: voluntary actions and managerial attitudes

This study considers Malaysian palm oil mills’ Environmental Performance from two aspects: voluntary actions and firm’s internal factors effects. Having a good understanding of the factors affecting the environmental performance of firm helps policy-makers develop more effective environmental policies. In fact, analyzing the factors helps the firm evaluate and improve the results of their voluntary actions. Environmental performance, in this study, is specified as a function of voluntary actions, managerial attitudes, and some control variables. Our findings show that voluntary actions have the highest contribution to a firm’s environmental performance among others. Managerial attitudes toward improving environmental performance also have a significant effect on the firm’s environmental performance. However, age and size seem to have negative effects. Our results reveal that public owned firms are more polluting than their privately owned counterparts

Assessment of VEGF, CD-31 and Ki-67 Immunohistochemical Markers in Oral Pyogenic Granuloma: A Comparison with Hemangioma and Inflammatory Gingivitis

AbstractObjective(s) The aim of this study was to evaluate the expressions of two angiogenic immune-markers (CD-31 and VEGF), and one proliferative immune-marker (Ki-67) in oral pyogenic granulomas (PG), hemangiomas (Hem) and inflammatory gingivitis (IG).Materials and MethodsSixty cases of PG, Hem and IG (twenty cases each) were examined. Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining was performed based on routine techniques. The microvessel density (MVD) index was also evaluated. ResultsThe male to female ratio was 1:2. The mean age was 33.3 years old (±20.52). The reactivity percentages for all three markers (CD-31, VEGF and Ki-67) were significantly higher in PG compared to Hem (56.8%, 13.8% and 23.0% vs. 28.3%, 7.0% and 5.4%, respectively). The mean MVD in PG was also significantly higher than in Hem (26.1±0.11 vs. 13.6±0.08). There was no statistically significant difference between PG and IG.ConclusionThe current study supports the common nature of pyogenic granulomas and inflammatory gingivitis