We are not raised by wolves: Decentering human exceptionalism in nature

Some of the earliest writings to which we have access introduce the myth of a human child raised by wolves. Enkidu is the “wild” friend of Gilgamesh in the eponymous Sumerian epic; Romulus and Remus of Rome are the infants who suckle from the she-wolf Lupa; and Mowgli's story has been told ever since he was conceived by Rudyard Kipling in The Jungle Book. While this wolf story might seem to imagine a friendly way of living with other-than-human beings, its contemporary uptake in media also serves as a prop for white supremacist orientations to the myth that reassert the primacy of “human” life, while always determining who counts as human. Nature, on this stage, is a savage, dangerous backdrop against which human cruelties and violence are portrayed as the “survival of the fittest.

Diseño e implementación de un sistema de seguridad para el hogar con interfaz en Android.

En este proyecto se desarrolla un sistema capaz de garantizar la seguridad en un hogar o establecimiento, detectando cualquier acceso no deseado con sensores. También dispone de detectores de humo y otros gases. Como sistema disuasorio, cuenta con simulación de presencia para evitar intrusiones, por lo que también permite el control de luces y otros electrodomésticos. Todo el sistema se controla desde una aplicación en Android

Catalogación y estudio de las obras de Henry Purcell en las que se incluye a la trompeta: la saga inglesa de los trompetistas de la familia de los Shore

El reconocido compositor inglés del siglo XVII Henry Purcell, al igual que ocurrió con muchos otros autores que desarrollaron su obra durante los prolegómenos del Barroco tardío en Europa, empleó la trompeta en algunas de sus partituras: tanto las planteadas bajo la concepción de música para la escena, como la orquestal, la sacra o la instrumental. Aun no apareciendo la trompeta en un alto porcentaje de su legado, Purcell fue un referente en este periodo histórico musical inglés para la consolidación e instrumentación de la misma en los diversos géneros referidos, como herencia especialmente tomada del estilo italiano. A pesar de que la Inglaterra de la época estuviera un tanto aislada artísticamente por motivos políticos con respecto a la estética y técnica llevada a cabo en el resto del continente, el maestro británico comenzó a implementar instrumentaciones muy elaboradas y desarrolladas contando con la trompeta. Esto fue así gracias a la coincidencia de Purcell con la talentosa saga familiar de trompetistas ingleses: los Shore. Con mucha seguridad, tanto Matthias Shore como su hijo John, además de brindar su amistad a Purcell, también le ofrecieron muchos datos sobre los recursos técnicos y musicales del instrumento, además de garantías para una buena interpretación. De esta manera, el genial compositor inglés pudo tratar las partes de trompeta de manera brillante en algunas de sus obras. Con este artículo se pretende recoger en castellano todo el trabajo de trompetas del maestro británico.Catalog and study of Henry Purcell´s works which includes the trumpet: the english trumpeters of the shore familyAbstractHenry Purcell, renowned English composer of the seventeenth century, as with many other authors who developed his work during the beginning of the late Baroque in Europe, used the trumpet in some of his scores: both those raised under the concept of music for scene, such as the orchestral, together with sacred or instrumental music. Even though trumpet did not appear in a high percentage of his legacy, Purcell was a reference in this historical English musical period for the consolidation and instrumentation of it in the various genres referred to, as a heritage especially taken from the Italian style. Despite the fact that the England of the time was somewhat isolated artistically for political reasons with respect to the aesthetics and technique carried out in the rest of the continent, Purcell began to implement very elaborate and developed instrumentation with the trumpet, thanks to the fact that he met the talented family saga of English trumpeters: the Shores. With great confidence, both Matthias Shore and his son John, in addition to offering their friendship to Purcell, also offered him many of the technical and musical resources of the instrument, as well as guarantees for a good interpretation. In this way, the great English composer was able to treat the trumpet parts brilliantly in some of his works. This article aims to collect in Spanish all the trumpet works of the British master

The human Schwann cell transcriptome: species-specificity, long-term stability and changes with differentiation

Cultured Schwann cells of human origin differ from those isolated from experimental animals in both phenotype and function. However, the basis for this divergence and its significance to potential clinical applications of the primary cells are not fully understood. In this study, we used RNA-seq to comprehensively analyze the human Schwann cell transcriptome and compare it to that of ratcells. We also studied the transcriptomics profiles of human Schwann cells subjected to: (1) the pro-mitogenic effect of growth factors in cells undergoing serial passaging in vitro, and (2) the pro-differentiating action of cAMP, a signal known to promote myelin gene expression in rodent cells.Despite the human Schwann cell transcriptome differedas much as 44% from that of rat Schwann cells established under identical conditions, the human cells maintained their expected Schwann cell identity regardless of sub-culture and the continued influence of mitogenic factors. Strikingly, the transcriptomes of low passage (proliferative) and late passage (senescent) human Schwann cells were essentially undistinguishable with the exception of roughly 100 differentially expressed genes in the senescentpopulations. On the contrary, the human Schwann cell transcriptome was readily and persistently shifted in response to a single treatment with cAMP analogs as highlighted by the >1,300 genes that were upregulated and the >1,700 genes that were downregulated within 1-day post-stimulation. In sum, these results confirmed that human Schwann cellsmaintain their typical gene expression profiles in culture unless challenged with a strong pro-differentiating stimulus. The observed stability of the human Schwann celltranscriptome in the face of expansion and mitogenic stimulation adds a level of safety for theuse of these glial cells in clinical transplantation.Fil: Monje, Paula. Indiana University; Estados Unidos. University of Miami; Estados UnidosFil: Sant, David. University of Miami; Estados UnidosFil: Andersen, Natalia Denise. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca; ArgentinaFil: Camarena, Vladimir. University of Miami; Estados UnidosFil: Wang, Gaofeng. University of Miami; Estados UnidosXIV European Meeting on Glial cells in Health and DiseasePortoPortugalEuropean Meeting on Glial Cells in Health and Diseas

Techniques on vertical ridge augmentation: Indications and effectiveness.

Vertical ridge augmentation techniques have been advocated to enable restoring function and esthetics by means of implant-supported rehabilitation. There are three major modalities. The first is guided bone regeneration, based on the principle of compartmentalization by means of using a barrier membrane, which has been demonstrated to be technically demanding with regard to soft tissue management. This requisite is also applicable in the case of the second modality of bone block grafts. Nonetheless, space creation and maintenance are provided by the solid nature of the graft. The third modality of distraction osteogenesis is also a valid and faster approach. Nonetheless, owing to this technique's inherent shortcomings, this method is currently deprecated. The purpose of this review is to shed light on the state-of-the-art of the different modalities described for vertical ridge augmentation, including the indications, the step-by-step approach, and the effectiveness

Minimal invasiveness in the reconstructive treatment of peri-implantitis defects.

Peri-implantitis is a plaque-associated pathologic condition occurring in tissues around dental implants, clinically characterized by increased peri-implant probing pocket depth and progressive loss of supporting bone. Consequently, to arrest further disease progression and to increase the chance to obtain re-osseointegration, surgical reconstructive procedures have been adopted. In particular, following a paradigm gathered from periodontal therapy, recent protocols have underlined the importance of a minimally invasive approach to optimize the outcomes of therapy while minimizing the risks of postoperative complications. The present review summarizes the level of evidence on the surgical reconstructive protocols focusing on the new approaches aiming to minimize surgical trauma and patients' postoperative discomfort, underlining the pros and cons of each treatment modality

Hydrogen Fluoride in High-Mass Star-forming Regions

Hydrogen fluoride has been established to be an excellent tracer of molecular hydrogen in diffuse clouds. In denser environments, however, the HF abundance has been shown to be approximately two orders of magnitude lower. We present Herschel/HIFI observations of HF J=1-0 toward two high-mass star formation sites, NGC6334 I and AFGL 2591. In NGC6334 I the HF line is seen in absorption in foreground clouds and the source itself, while in AFGL 2591 HF is partially in emission. We find an HF abundance with respect to H2 of 1.5e-8 in the diffuse foreground clouds, whereas in the denser parts of NGC6334 I, we derive a lower limit on the HF abundance of 5e-10. Lower HF abundances in dense clouds are most likely caused by freeze out of HF molecules onto dust grains in high-density gas. In AFGL 2591, the view of the hot core is obstructed by absorption in the massive outflow, in which HF is also very abundant 3.6e-8) due to the desorption by sputtering. These observations provide further evidence that the chemistry of interstellar fluorine is controlled by freeze out onto gas grains.Comment: accepted in Ap

Redox-dependent and redox-independent functions of Caenorhabditis elegans thioredoxin 1

Thioredoxins (TRX) are traditionally considered as enzymes catalyzing redox reactions. However, redox-independent functions of thioredoxins have been described in different organisms, although the underlying molecular mechanisms are yet unknown. We report here the characterization of the first generated endogenous redox-inactive thioredoxin in an animal model, the TRX-1 in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. We find that TRX-1 dually regulates the formation of an endurance larval stage (dauer) by interacting with the insulin pathway in a redox-independent manner and the cGMP pathway in a redox-dependent manner. Moreover, the requirement of TRX-1 for the extended longevity of worms with compromised insulin signalling or under calorie restriction relies on TRX-1 redox activity. In contrast, the nuclear translocation of the SKN-1 transcription factor and increased LIPS-6 protein levels in the intestine upon trx-1 deficiency are strictly redox-independent. Finally, we identify a novel function of C. elegans TRX-1 in male food-leaving behaviour that is redox-dependent. Taken together, our results position C. elegans as an ideal model to gain mechanistic insight into the redox-independent functions of metazoan thioredoxins, overcoming the limitations imposed by the embryonic lethal phenotypes of thioredoxin mutants in higher organisms.NIH Office of Research Infrastructure P40 OD010440Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness BFU2015- 64408-PFondo Social Europeo BFU2015- 64408-PNational Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases of the National Institutes of Health R01AI07640

Stability of lineage-specific attributes in senescent human peripheral glia

Senescent and non-senescent human Schwann cells (hSCs) established in culture are virtually undistinguishable without the aid of specific tests such as detection of senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-βGal) activity. In most cultures, the rate of cell division is maintained high up until the second passage but cells cease to proliferate rapidly thereafter and the populations become senescent. By passage-5 no further expansion is possible and the cells manifest abnormalities such as vacuolization of the cytoplasm, aberrant nuclei (including multinucleation), and clustering. Arrival to senescence in hSC populations cannot be prevented by overexpression of hTERT and indefectibly occur under standard culture conditions regardless of the age of the donor. Even though senescent hSCs remain viable for prolonged periods of time, it is unclear whether they maintain attributes specific to cells of the SC lineage. To address this question, we performed a careful analysis of the progression of hSCs towards senescence to evaluate changes in proliferation rates, viability, purity and expression of SC-specific markers. We also obtained the transcriptomes of hSCs collected at different rounds of subculture and performed a stringent bioinformatics analysis to identify SC-specific and regulatory genes. We found that the hSC transcriptome was very stable and that hSCs maintained their expected identity (or transcriptional signature) regardless of subculture and the continued influence of mitogenic factors. Strikingly, the transcriptomes of low passage (proliferative) and late passage (senescent) hSCs were essentially undistinguishable with the exception of <100 differentially expressed genes known to play a role in replicative senescence, cell cycle arrest, chromatin organization and telomere maintenance. Senescent hSCs expressed invariable levels of SC-specific markers such as S100β and aligned to each other forming typical bundles at confluency. Most importantly, they maintained their ability to engulf and digest myelin granules, which is a function proper of SCs during nerve repair. To conclude, our studies show the value of combining transcriptomics (RNAseq) profiling and cell-based assays to understand hSC senescence. The stability of the hSC transcriptome in the face of expansion and mitogenic stimulation adds a level of safety for the use of these glial cells in autotransplantation therapy.Fil: Monje, Paula. Indiana University. School of Medicine; Estados UnidosFil: Andersen, Natalia Denise. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca; Argentina. University of Miami; Estados UnidosFil: Sant, David. University of Miami; Estados UnidosFil: Peng, Kevin. Indiana University. School of Medicine; Estados UnidosFil: Wang, Gaofeng. University of Miami; Estados UnidosFil: Xu, Xiao-Ming. Indiana University. School of Medicine; Estados UnidosXV European Meetingon Glial Cells in Health and DiseaseMarseillesFranciaEuropean Glial Meetin