On finite congruence-simple semirings

In this paper, we describe finite, additively commutative, congruence simple semirings. The main result is that the only such semirings are those of order 2, zero-multiplication rings of prime order, matrix rings over finite fields, those that are additively idempotent, and those with trivial addition.Comment: 10 pages, 2 tables. Eariler version had an erroneous proof, and missed some semirings in the main theore

Public Key Cryptography based on Semigroup Actions

A generalization of the original Diffie-Hellman key exchange in $(\Z/p\Z)^*$ found a new depth when Miller and Koblitz suggested that such a protocol could be used with the group over an elliptic curve. In this paper, we propose a further vast generalization where abelian semigroups act on finite sets. We define a Diffie-Hellman key exchange in this setting and we illustrate how to build interesting semigroup actions using finite (simple) semirings. The practicality of the proposed extensions rely on the orbit sizes of the semigroup actions and at this point it is an open question how to compute the sizes of these orbits in general and also if there exists a square root attack in general. In Section 2 a concrete practical semigroup action built from simple semirings is presented. It will require further research to analyse this system.Comment: 20 pages. To appear in Advances in Mathematics of Communication

A Novel Condom Distribution Program for County Jail Prisoners

The Center for AIDS Prevention Studies (CAPS), in collaboration with the Center for Health Justice, the Forensic AIDS Project, and the San Francisco Sheriff's Department, conducted a feasibility study of a novel method of providing condoms to prisoners by installing a condom dispens- ing machine in the San Francisco County Jail.This study begins to address the dearth of research on prisoner condom access programs, a novel component of HIV prevention behavioral interventions among an extremely high-risk population, and to identify a method of providing prisoners condoms on a larger scale than any current program. Further, this pilot feasibility study has the potential to stimulate research on the impact of condom distribution and consideration of legislation in other jurisdictions to allow prisoners access to condoms

Agatha Christie: A Look Into Criminal Procedure and Gender

With 2020 being the 100th year since Agatha Christie’s first novel, The Mysterious Affair at Styles, was published, it seems fitting to celebrate such an accomplished author with a deeper look into the inner workings of her novels. While she wrote mystery novels that involved many detectives, the two most popular are Hercule Poirot and Miss Marple. This paper will examine these two detectives in regard to the criminal procedure each uses to solve their respective cases. Would her detectives’ work hold up in court then or even today? Additionally, the difference in gender between Poirot and Marple and how that affects their crime solving methods will also be examined

Olhares suíços sobre o Portugal de Salazar. 2 : as guerras (1936-1945)

Entre 1936 e 1945 quase todas as fontes consultadas, quer diplomáticas, quer jornalísticas, dão uma imagem positiva da política de Salazar, a qual defendem sem que praticamente sobre ela exerçam qualquer análise crítica. Durante a guerra civil espanhola, se excluirmos a imprensa comunista, que, no entanto, fala muito pouco de Portugal, os representantes suíços em Lisboa e os editorialistas dos principais quotidianos helvéticos justificam a atitude filofranquista do governo português. No que diz respeito à política externa portuguesa e à neutralidade durante a Segunda Guerra Mundial, as mesmas fontes, obnubiladas, sem dúvida, pelo mito da ditadura «branda e moderada» de Salazar, manifestam uma grande compreensão e simpatia pelas diferentes tomadas de posição do ditador português, por razões ideológicas, pelo facto de Portugal ser um pequeno país como a Suíça e também pelo papel de Portugal no abastecimento da Confederação durante o conflito.ABSTRACT: Between 1936 and 1945, an overwhelming majority of the documents analyzed in this article give a very positive image of Salazar’s regime. During the Spanish civil war, with the exception of a very few left-leaning newspapers, the Swiss journalists and the diplomats in charge at the Swiss Legation in Lisbon defended and justified the support given to the nationalist cause in Spain by the Portuguese government. Concerning the Portuguese neutrality during the Second World War, the same sources adopted the Salazar’s point of view and analyzed his politics with a lot of sympathy and understanding. This was mainly for four reasons: they sympathized partially with the ideology of the Estado Novo; Portugal is a small country, like Switzerland; they were blinded by the myth of the so-called «soft» and «moderate» dictatorship of Salazar; and, finally, because Portugal was an important trade partner for the Confederation during the conflict

Out of the Alley: Lessons from Safe Injecting Facilities (SIF)

intervention. Heroin and cocaine, two commonly injected drugs, highly contribute to overdose death. Overdose is now the number one cause of unintentional death in the United States. Those who inject drugs are also at risk of infectious diseases such as HIV and HCV. Current methods to reduce the harms associated with injecting drug use are not meeting the needs of injecting drug users (IDUs). In many parts of the world, injecting drug use is tolerated and permitted at supervised facilities where medical staff are available as needed. To determine if such facilities are possible in the United States this literature review of research related to safe injecting facilities (SIF) was conducted. The databases PsychInfo and CINAHL Complete were utilized in this review. Thirty-two articles were considered, and five were excluded. Twenty-seven comprised the final literature review. It is clear that SIF will be utilized by IDUs. These facilities will serve to reduce risk of overdose, reduce disease transmission, increase treatment access, and provide a valuable service to the neighboring community. Further research and education are needed to gain public support for these lifesaving community interventions in the United States

Garden Railway ‘Foyer’ Redesign

The Garden Railway is one of the most highly visited areas of the Morris Arboretum, so it is important for it to be well kept. Surrounding areas are just as important because of the increased foot traffic to the adjacent Garden Railway. The focus of this project, the ‘Foyer’, is one of those important surrounding areas. It encompasses the area just outside of the entrance path to the Railway. The ‘Foyer’ needed a new design that would solve some of the challenges presented by the traffic and previous bed layout. One of the beds in the area was half empty because a large white oak was removed in 2016, and the remaining plants were affected by the changed conditions. The high traffic flow of visitors and staff vehicles through this area tends to cause a bottleneck because there is limited space to step off the path. In answer to these problems, some design goals were established. One of the goals was to suggest a planting scheme that would thrive in the environment there and also create a more cohesive flow between the surrounding garden areas. The other goals for the planting scheme were to have four seasons of interest and be relatively low maintenance for the three section leaders involved. Finally, the new design needed to simplify the bed lines and shrink the old oak bed area to create more grass space for visitors or strollers to move off the loop path

Outline of a Subversive Technopoetic: for a Libertarian Pedartgogy

The thesis explores the relationships between knowledge and knowing in contemporary 21st century information society, using the foundation of the Faculty of Media Design & New Media Art at the Nuova Accademia di Belle Arti in Milano as a research apparatus. This Faculty was established between 2003 and 2012, in Milano, Italy. The starting point of the research was established in the hypothesis that technics have tertiarised memory (Stiegler B., 1994), that knowledge is always founded on an ontological pessimism (Queneau R., 1933, Lyotard F., 1979) and on a perpetual process of the generation of meaning (Gadda C., 1923-29, Foucault M., 1966). Knowledge is always and inevitably linked to the technics with which it is passed on. Pedagogy becomes a questioning of the object of knowledge, which transmutes into a definition of the ways it can be visualised. This research then, setting out from a pessimistic position in relation to knowledge and truth, amplifies them to infinite possible forms and therefore causes a dual shift of philosophy towards art and of pedagogy towards hermeneutics. The methodology consisted of a textual and visual description of a territory in a cartography of meaning, seen as the relation between intuition and the way in which practices as knowledges, arts, form remnants

Richard Carvel Waltzes

https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/mmb-ps/2310/thumbnail.jp