1,352 research outputs found
HOVERING CHARACTERISTICS OF A ROTOR HAVING AN AIRFOIL SECTION DESIGNED FOR AUTILITY TYPE OF HELICOPTER
Hovering characteristics of rotor having airfoil section designed for utility type helicopte
Gluon helicity from global analysis of experimental data and lattice QCD Ioffe time distributions
We perform a new global analysis of spin-dependent parton distribution
functions with the inclusion of Ioffe time pseudo-distributions computed in
lattice QCD (LQCD), which are directly sensitive to the gluon helicity
distribution, . These lattice data have an analogous relationship to
parton distributions as do experimental cross sections, and can be readily
included in global analyses. We focus in particular on the constraining
capability of current LQCD data on the sign of at intermediate
parton momentum fractions , which was recently brought into question by
analysis of data in the absence of parton positivity constraints. We find that
present LQCD data cannot discriminate between positive and negative
solutions, although significant changes in the solutions for both the gluon and
quark sectors are observed.Comment: 24 pages, 7 figure
The effect of additive noise on dynamical hysteresis
We investigate the properties of hysteresis cycles produced by a
one-dimensional, periodically forced Langevin equation. We show that depending
on amplitude and frequency of the forcing and on noise intensity, there are
three qualitatively different types of hysteresis cycles. Below a critical
noise intensity, the random area enclosed by hysteresis cycles is concentrated
near the deterministic area, which is different for small and large driving
amplitude. Above this threshold, the area of typical hysteresis cycles depends,
to leading order, only on the noise intensity. In all three regimes, we derive
mathematically rigorous estimates for expectation, variance, and the
probability of deviations of the hysteresis area from its typical value.Comment: 30 pages, 5 figure
What About Interaction Geography to Evaluate Physical Learning Spaces?
This paper reviews and explores how interaction geography, a new approach to visualize people’s interaction over space and time, extends current approaches to evaluate physical learning spaces. This chapter begins by reviewing representations produced using interaction geography to study visitor engagement and learning in a museum. In particular, this review illustrates Mondrian Transcription, a method to map people’s movement and conversation over space and time, and the Interaction Geography Slicer (IGS), a dynamic visualisation tool that supports new forms of interaction and multi-modal analysis. Subsequently, this chapter explores how interaction geography may advance the evaluation of physical learning spaces by providing dynamic information visualisation methods that support more expansive views of learning and the evaluation of the alignment between space and pedagogy. This chapter concludes by outlining significant limitations and next steps to expand interaction geography to evaluate physical learning spaces
Exposure of U.S. National Parks to land use and climate change 1900-2100
Many protected areas may not be adequately safeguarding biodiversity from human activities on surrounding lands and global change. The magnitude of such change agents and the sensitivity of ecosystems to these agents vary among protected areas. Thus, there is a need to assess vulnerability across networks of protected areas to determine those most at risk and to lay the basis for developing effective adaptation strategies. We conducted an assessment of exposure of U.S. National Parks to climate and land use change and consequences for vegetation communities. We first defined park protected-area centered ecosystems (PACEs) based on ecological principles. We then drew on existing land use, invasive species, climate, and biome data sets and models to quantify exposure of PACEs from 1900 through 2100. Most PACEs experienced substantial change over the 20th century (.740% average increase in housing density since 1940, 13% of vascular plants are presently nonnative, temperature increase of 18C/100 yr since 1895 in 80% of PACEs), and projections suggest that many of these trends will continue at similar or increasingly greater rates (255% increase in housing density by 2100, temperature increase of 2.58–4.58C/100 yr, 30% of PACE areas may lose their current biomes by 2030). In the coming century, housing densities are projected to increase in PACEs at about 82% of the rate of since 1940. The rate of climate warming in the coming century is projected to be 2.5–5.8 times higher than that measured in the past century. Underlying these averages, exposure of individual park PACEs to change agents differ in important ways. For example, parks such as Great Smoky Mountains exhibit high land use and low climate exposure, others such as Great Sand Dunes exhibit low land use and high climate exposure, and a few such as Point Reyes exhibit high exposure on both axes. The cumulative and synergistic effects of such changes in land use, invasives, and climate are expected to dramatically impact ecosystem function and biodiversity in national parks. These results are foundational to developing effective adaptation strategies and suggest policies to better safeguard parks under broad-scale environmental change
Complementarity of experimental and lattice QCD data on pion parton distributions
We extract pion parton distribution functions (PDFs) in a Monte Carlo global
QCD analysis of experimental data together with reduced Ioffe time
pseudo-distributions and matrix elements of current-current correlators
generated from lattice QCD. By including both experimental and lattice QCD
data, our analysis rigorously quantifies both the uncertainties of the pion
PDFs and systematic effects intrinsic to the lattice QCD observables. The
reduced Ioffe time pseudo-distributions significantly decrease the
uncertainties on the PDFs, while the current-current correlators are limited by
the systematic effects associated with the lattice. Consistent with recent
phenomenological determinations, the behavior of the valence quark distribution
of the pion at large momentum fraction is found to be with .Comment: 46 pages, 15 figure
Bridging the gap between global models and full fluid models : a fast 1D semi-analytical fluid model for electronegative plasmas
Analytical and numerical models allow investigation of complicated discharge phenomena and the interplay that makes plasmas such a complex environment. Global models are quick to implement and can have almost negligible computation cost, but provide only bulk or spatially averaged values. Full fluid models take longer to develop, and can take days to solve, but provide accurate spatio-temporal profiles of the whole plasma. The work presented here details a different type of model, analytically similar to fluid models, but computationally closer to a global model, and able to give spatially resolved solutions for the challenging environment of electronegative plasmas. Included are non-isothermal electrons, gas heating, and coupled neutral dynamics. Solutions are reached in seconds to minutes, and spatial profiles are given for densities, fluxes, and temperatures. This allows the semi-analytical model to fill the gap that exists between global and full fluid models, extending the tools available to researchers. The semi-analytical model can perform broad parameter sweeps that are not practical with more computationally expensive models, as well as exposing non-trivial trends that global models cannot capture. Examples are given for a low pressure oxygen CCP. Excellent agreement is shown with a full fluid model, and comparisons are drawn with the corresponding global model
Does tenure matter for occupant experiences of low-energy housing?
International policy settings are looking toward low-energy and near zero-energy homes as a solution to address environmental impacts, particularly anthropogenic climate change. There is increasing research evaluating sus-tainable housing developments from a technical and occupant perspective. One of the key determinants of household energy use is tenure. However, there is limited research which has looked at if tenure impacts on how oc-cupants experience low-energy homes. This paper contributes to the litera-ture by exploring three low-energy housing developments and exploring the role of tenure in relation to how the households experience the dwellings. The case studies demonstrate that social housing tenants have frustrations with a lack of control over what they could, or could not, do to their low-energy dwellings, in comparison to owner-occupier housing
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