STUDY OF PREMENSTRUAL SYNDROME AMONG FUTURE HEALTHCARE PROFESSIONALS IN MASTERSKILL GLOBAL COLLEGE

Objective: Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is the name given to a collection of physical, psychological and behavioral symptoms that experienced by women during their late luteal phase of each menstrual cycle. This study was undertaken at Masterskill Global College to determine the prevalence of PMS, common premenstrual syndrome symptoms, and coping methods. It also highlights the impairment of life, social and emotional well beings.Methods: This is a cross-sectional descriptive study using the retrospective method, analyzing the incidence of PMS based on (ACOG) criteria. Results: The outcome of the study showed that 37% out of 300 samples diagnosed with PMS; 22% mild PMS. 9% moderate PMS and 5.3% severe PMS. 7% of the sample was diagnosed with Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD). The study finding suggested association of PMS severity with younger age group (P value<0.05), stressful lifestyles (P value<0.05), academic stress (P value<0.05) and sleeping problem (P value<0.05).Conclusion: The study outcome showed PMS prevalence in Masterskill Global College and action shall be taken to provide as an educational guideline to increase their awareness and provide a better coping method to alleviate the symptoms of PMS.Â

Assessment of Knowledge of Diabetes Mellitus in the Urban Areas of Klang District, Malaysia

Diabetes is the most common cause of non-traumatic lower limb amputations and cardiovascular diseases. However, only a negligible percentage of the patients and subjects knew that the feet are affected in diabetes and diabetes affects the heart. Hence, a cross-sectional study was carried out to evaluate the knowledge of diabetes mellitus among the public of different age group, gender, ethnicity, and education level. A sample of 400 participants was randomly selected and data was collected using a structured questionnaire under non-contrived setting. The results showed that there is a statistically significant difference in knowledge on diabetes mellitus among different age groups and different ethnic origin but there is no significant difference in the knowledge among different gender and education level. Out of 400 respondents, 284 respondents (71%) knew that diabetes mellitus is actually a condition characterized by raised blood sugar. Age and education level of respondents were found to be the predominant predictive factors on diabetes knowledge, whereas the gender of respondents did not affect the findings of this study. An improved and well-structured educational programme that tackles the areas of weaknesses should be recommended to increase the level of knowledge on diabetes among Malaysians

Recent update on nanoemulgel as topical drug delivery system

Being an emerging transdermal delivery tool, nanoemulgel, has proved to show surprising upshots for the lipophilic drugs over other formulations. This lipophilic nature of majority of the newer drugs developed in this modern era resulting in poor oral bioavailability, erratic absorption, and pharmacokinetic variations. Therefore, this novel transdermal delivery system has been proved to be advantageous over other oral and topical drug delivery to avoid such disturbances. These nanoemulgels are basically oil-in-water nanoemulsions gelled with the use of some gelling agent in it. This gel phase in the formulation is nongreasy, which favors user compliance and stabilizes the formulation through reduction in surface as well as interfacial tension. Simultaneously, it can be targeted more specifically to the site of action and can avoid first-pass metabolism and relieve the user from gastric/systemic incompatibilities. This brief review is focused on nanoemulgel as a better topical drug delivery system including its components screening, formulation method, and recent pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic advancement in research studies carried out by the scientists all over the world. Therefore, at the end of this survey it could be inferred that nanoemulgel can be a better and effective drug delivery tool for the topical system

Pharmacies in the airport ecosystem and how they serve travelers' health and medicines need: findings and implications for the future

Introduction: Pharmacists at airport pharmacies could offer essential health services for air travelers. Consequently, this study aimed to explore the type of professional services, the types of medicines at airport pharmacies and the pharmacists’ experiences and views regarding their practices. Methods: A qualitative study was conducted with pharmacists practicing in airport pharmacies from June 2020 to December 2020. A validated Google form-based interview questionnaire was developed, and the electronic link was sent to the participants. Recruitment of participants was continued until data saturation was achieved. In total, 15 pharmacists working at different airport pharmacies in different countries were included. Thematic analysis was used in the data analysis. Results: The study identified six major themes including type of professional services and medicines at airport pharmacies, pharmacists’ experiences, challenges at the airport pharmacy, suggestions to improve airport pharmacy services, pandemics and the role of pharmacists, and business aspect of the airport pharmacies. The study showed that several professional services provided at airport pharmacies, including the provision of medicines, health products, general health services, travel health services, and counseling. Moreover, 46.7% of the participants reported having a dedicated travel health service. In addition, most of the participants described their experience at airport pharmacies as good and exciting as they met different people from different countries. The most common challenges that pharmacists face at airport pharmacies include language barriers, requests for different medicine brands by travelers, and financial issues. The participants indicated that there is a need for promotion of pharmacists’ role in providing health care services at airport pharmacies. Conclusion: The study showed that pharmacists could play vital roles in providing medicines and health care services for air travelers. However, there is still further scope for improvement in this sector of the pharmacy profession to ensure a more active role in travel medicine