Feed supplementation with winery by-products improves the physiological status of juvenile Liza aurata during a short-term feeding trial and hypoxic challenge

The search of bioactive compounds obtained from natural sources with beneficial effects in growth and health is an increasing trend in aquaculture. Wine by-products are an excellent source of such compounds, mostly phenolics, with demonstrated antioxidant and immunostimulant activities in vertebrates. The present study evaluated the effects of dietary inclusion (100 g/kg) of two wine by-products (grape pomace and lees) on growth, immune status and metabolism of juvenile golden gray mullet (Liza aurata), as well as the potential protective effect of compounds present in the two by products against induced stress produced by moderate hypoxia. Results evidenced a significant positive effect of grape pomace on feed efficiency, as well as in different indicators of metabolic and immunological status of the fish. Also, a significant negative effect of wine lees on the functional diversity of intestinal microbiota was evidenced. Fish fed on diets containing any of the two by-products evidenced significantly lower levels of cortisol when challenged by hypoxia, this pointing to a protective effect mediated by their contents in phenolic compounds and suggesting an interesting and practical application for these agricultural by-products

Stratigraphy and chemostratigraphy of the Valanginian (pro parte) from Loma Solana, Sierra de Quípar (External Subbetic, Cehegín, Murcia)

The stratigraphy, biostratigraphy and geochemistry (C stable isotopes and RSTE trace elements) of a succession of Valanginian age outcropping in Loma Solana (External Subbetic) is presented. The succession is composed of two local sections, one cropping out to the west of Cehegín (Murcia) and another in the Garranchal gorge, to the SSW of this locality. The lithology consists of marl and marlstone rhythmically interbedded, which is typical of the Carretero Fm of the Subbetic. The ammonite zones and subzones of the middle- late early Valanginian and the complete late Valanginian, except for the lattermost part, have been identified, without any evidence of stratigraphic discontinuity between the two local sections. The δ13C curve show a similar shape to those of the same age obtained in other basins and the positive excursion of the δ13C characterizing the Weissert episode of environmental change (EECWeissert) has been identified. The RSTE, redox sensitive trace elements, analyzed do not show any particular increase as is typical of anoxic events and consequently conclude that anoxia due not exist in this part of the Subbetic basin during this EECSe presenta el estudio estratigráfico, bioestratigráfico y geoquímico de una sucesión del Valanginiense que aflora en Loma Solana (Subbético Externo). Se trata de una sección compuesta de dos secciones parciales, una de ellas levantada al oeste de Cehegín (Murcia) y la otra en el barranco del Garranchal, al SSO de dicha localidad. La litología,margas y margocalizas en alternancia rítmica, es la típica de la Fm. Carretero, a la que corresponde. Se identifican las zonas y subzonas de ammonites de la parte media-alta del Valanginiense inferior y de todo el Valanginiense superior, excepto la parte más terminal del mismo, sin que se haya denotado discontinuidad alguna entre una sección y otra. La curva de valores de δ13C muestra una forma similar a la obtenida en otras cuencas para la misma edad y en ella se puede identificar la excursión positiva del δ13C que caracteriza el episodioWeissert de cambio ambiental. Los elementos traza analizados, sensibles a cambios en las condiciones redox del medio sedimentario (elementos RSTE), no indican que hubiera condiciones anóxicas en el mismo durante este episodio de cambio ambienta

Evidencias acústicas de procesos paralelos al talud asociados con depósitos de movimiento en masa en el talud inferior de la Isla de Madeira (Atlántico Central Oriental)

The Madeira Island lower slope has been build-up mostly by along slope-processes associated with mass movement deposits as seen in GEBCO bathymetry, multibeam bathymetry, Parasound echosounder profiles and multichannel seismic reflection profiles. A plastered contourite drift (Madeira Drift) developed on this lower slope, being composed of seismic units D1, D2 and D3. The most probable water mass responsible for its deposition is the Antarctica Bottom Water (AABW). The youngest sediments of seismic units D2 and D3 are affected by gravity-driven processes, probably slumps and debris flows, which moved downslope towards west. Parasound profiles show evidences of such mass movements on present-day seabottom (e.g. diffraction hyperbolae echoes) but also of past-events buried within the contourite sediments. These older debris flows are recognized by semitransparent/transparent acoustic facies and lenticular shape.Versión del edito

Contourite drift off Madeira Island (Northeast Atlantic) and implications to Cenozoic bottom-current circulation

EUROPEAN GEOPHYSICAL UNIO

Late Miocene to Quaternary Contourites and Mixed Depositional Systems in the Gulf of Cadiz and West Portugal related to the Mediterranean - Atlantic Exchange evolution: decoding bottom currents behaviour and oceanographic processes associated with gateways

Trabajo presentado en la 4th Deepwater Circulation Research Conference (4DWC), celebrada en Gran Bretaña en mayo de 2023

Late Miocene to Quaternary Contourites Depositional Systems in the Gulf of Cadiz and West Portugal related to the Mediterranean - Atlantic exchange evolution: decoding bottom currents behaviour and oceanographic processes associated with gateways

Trabajo presentado en European Geophysical Union EGU General Assembly 2023, celebrada en Viena (Austria) entre el 23 y el 28 de mayo de 2023.Contourite depositional systems (CDS) represent the sedimentary records of paleoceanographic circulation and paleoclimatic changes throughout the geological timescale. These records offer expanded but contingent information relative to their adjacent marine gateways, documenting changes in the intensity and the direction of modern-day and paleo-current pathways on multicentennial, millennial and million-year timescales. This study investigates the late Miocene to Quaternary CDSs from the Gulf of Cadiz towards the West Iberian margin after the exit of the past Betic and Rifian corridors and most recent Strait of Gibraltar, the key gateways for the Mediterranean – Atlantic exchange trough time. A summary of the key results is presented as a representative study case for decoding the long- and short-term behaviour of oceanographic processes related to gateways and their associated overflows.This project was funded by the JIP#1 within the framework of “The Drifters” Research Group at Royal Holloway University of London and related to the projects, CTM2016-75129-C3 (INPULSE) and PID2021-123825OB-I00 (ALGEMAR)

Microalgal and Cyanobacterial Biomasses Modified the Activity of Extracellular Products from Bacillus pumilus: An In Vitro and In Vivo Assessment

This study investigates the postbiotic potential of extracellular products (ECPs) from Bacillus pumilus strains cultivated on microalgae-supplemented media. We assessed enzymatic and antimicrobial activities to select ECPs that enhance the digestive processes in gilthead seabream. Additionally, we explored the in vitro enzymatic capacity of the chosen postbiotics to hydrolyze macromolecules in microalgae. Finally, a feeding trial was conducted to determine the in vivo effects of the ECPs on Sparus aurata. In vitro enzymatic assays demonstrated diverse hydrolytic capacities among ECPs. All conditions exhibited antimicrobial activity against Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida, with variation in inhibitory effects against Vibrio harveyi and Tenacibaculum maritimum. Furthermore, in vitro assays revealed differences in protein hydrolysis and soluble protein concentration, influencing amino acid and reducing sugar release from microalgal biomass. These analyses facilitated a selection to test ECPs in vivo. Lastly, the in vivo experiment revealed no differences in the growth performance, nutrient utilization, and general metabolism of S. aurata fed the experimental diets. Dietary inclusion of postbiotics increased the activity of key digestive enzymes in fish compared to the control group, and particularly, values increased significantly when the fish were fed with the ECP-nanoparticulate-supplemented diet. In conclusion, the inclusion of microalgae in the culture media significantly influences the activity of extracellular products from B. pumilus strains, as evidenced in both in vitro and in vivo assays.Funding for open access charge: Universidad de Málaga / CBUA. This work was funded by the Plan Andaluz de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación (PAIDI) from the Junta de Andalucía (Spain) (#P20_00085). This work has also been funded by the Spanish Ministry of Sciences, Innovation, and Universities (#PID2020-113637RB-C22). This research was co-founded by the projects HYDROALGAE4BREAM (PID2021-12228OBC21) from the Ministry of Sciences, Innovation, and Universities (Spain) and by the European Union under the 2014–2020 ERDF Operational Programme and AquaTech4Feed project (grant # PCI2020-112204 by AEI within the ERA-NET BioBlue COFUND). The authors thank grants UNAM15-CE-3510, EQC2018-004984-P, and EQC2019-006380-P to Service of Experimental Diets. This work was co-funded by the European Union under the 2014–2020 ERDF Operational Programme and by the Regional Government of Andalusia (Project reference: FEDER-UCA18-107182). P. Simó-Mirabet is supported by a Postdoctoral Research Fellowship (Juan de la Cierva-Formación, Reference FJCI-2021–047759-I) from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation

Neumotoxicidad y hepatotoxicidad por Crotalaria pallida en el modelo de intoxicación subcrónica en ovinos

The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential for subchronic intoxication of Crotalaria pallida in sheep. Six rams were used, fed with hay and drinking water ad libitum, and 200 g/animal/day of commercial balanced ration. The sheep were distributed into a control group (G1) with two animals and an experimental group (G2) with four animals. In the G2 diet, 8 g of dry matter (DM) of C. pallida per kilogram of body weight were included for 28 days. All animals were clinically evaluated every 24 h. Animals were weighed and blood samples were taken for hemogram and liver and kidney profile on days 0, 14 and 28 post-exposure to C. pallida. All animals were slaughtered at the end of the study and samples were collected for histopathological analysis. No significant differences were found between groups with respect to clinical examination, hemogram data and blood chemistry; however, the histopathological study showed moderate thickening of the alveolar septa in the lung, severe vacuolar change in the liver, and moderate proteinuria in the kidney in the animals exposed to C. pallida.El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar el potencial de intoxicación subcrónica de Crotalaria pallida en ovinos. Se utilizaron seis carneros, alimentados con heno y agua potable ad libitum, y 200 g/animal/día de ración balanceada comercial. Los ovinos fueron distribuidos en un grupo control (G1) con dos animales y un grupo experimental (G2) con cuatro animales. En la dieta de G2 se incluyó 8 g de materia seca (MS) de C. pallida por kilogramo de peso vivo durante 28 días. Todos los animales fueron evaluados clínicamente c/24 h. Se les pesó y se tomaron muestras de sangre para hemograma y perfil hepático y renal en los días 0, 14 y 28 posexposición a C. pallida. Los animales fueron sacrificados al final del estudio para la toma de muestras para análisis histopatológico. No se encontraron diferencias significativas entre grupos con respecto al examen clínico, hemograma y bioquímica sanguínea; sin embargo, en el estudio histopatológico se evidenció engrosamiento moderado de los septos alveolares en pulmón, cambio vacuolar severo en hígado y proteinuria moderada en riñón en los animales expuestos a C. pallida