99 research outputs found
Procedures and Frequencies of Embalming and Heart Extractions in Modern Period in Brittany. Contribution to the Evolution of Ritual Funerary in Europe.
The evolution of funeral practices from the Middle Ages through the Modern era in Europe is generally seen as a process of secularization. The study, through imaging and autopsy, of two mummies, five lead urns containing hearts, and more than six hundred skeletons of nobles and clergymen from a Renaissance convent in Brittany has led us to reject this view. In addition to exceptional embalming, we observed instances in which hearts alone had been extracted, a phenomenon that had never before been described, and brains alone as well, and instances in which each spouse's heart had been placed on the other's coffin. In some identified cases we were able to establish links between the religious attitudes of given individuals and either ancient Medieval practices or more modern ones generated by the Council of Trent. All of these practices, which were a function of social status, were rooted in religion. They offer no evidence of secularization whatsoever
Water formation at low temperatures by surface O2 hydrogenation I: characterization of ice penetration
Water is the main component of interstellar ice mantles, is abundant in the
solar system and is a crucial ingredient for life. The formation of this
molecule in the interstellar medium cannot be explained by gas-phase chemistry
only and its surface hydrogenation formation routes at low temperatures (O, O2,
O3 channels) are still unclear and most likely incomplete. In a previous paper
we discussed an unexpected zeroth-order H2O production behavior in O2 ice
hydrogenation experiments compared to the first-order H2CO and CH3OH production
behavior found in former studies on hydrogenation of CO ice. In this paper we
experimentally investigate in detail how the structure of O2 ice leads to this
rare behavior in reaction order and production yield. In our experiments H
atoms are added to a thick O2 ice under fully controlled conditions, while the
changes are followed by means of reflection absorption infrared spectroscopy
(RAIRS). The H-atom penetration mechanism is systematically studied by varying
the temperature, thickness and structure of the O2 ice. We conclude that the
competition between reaction and diffusion of the H atoms into the O2 ice
explains the unexpected H2O and H2O2 formation behavior. In addition, we show
that the proposed O2 hydrogenation scheme is incomplete, suggesting that
additional surface reactions should be considered. Indeed, the detection of
newly formed O3 in the ice upon H-atom exposure proves that the O2 channel is
not an isolated route. Furthermore, the addition of H2 molecules is found not
to have a measurable effect on the O2 reaction channel.Comment: 1 page, 1 figur
Investigating the Efficacy of Oily Water Treatment at a De-Oiling Facility in the Northern Industrial Center of CINA - Hassi Messaoud: A Statistical Physics Assessment
Environmental protection is becoming a primary objective when choosing processes andtechnologies for treating oily waters resulting from hydrocarbon production. The focus of treatingoily waters is to eliminate contaminants from effluents before discharging them into the receivingenvironment while adhering to discharge standards. Our work aims to analyze the treatment processfor oily waters in the API unit of the North Industrial Center (CINA), which involves a physicalâchemical treatment using activated silica and Kurifix. The study aims to improve the treatmentprocess used for oily water treatment to ensure water conservation for reuse. To enhance the CINAHMDoily water treatment process, we created coagulants with different doses (C1âC6) using sodiumsilicate, activated silicate (sodium silicate + sulfuric acid), distilled water, Kurifix, and an oxygenscavenger while measuring pH, HC (hydrocarbon), and SS (suspended solids) levels. Coagulationand flocculation processes were used to remove suspended solids and hydrocarbons from the water.The results show that the coagulant used reduces suspended matter and hydrocarbon content andincreases pH. The best treatment is achieved with a coagulant prepared with distilled water, 5%sodium silicate, and 2% sulfuric acid. The optimal dose of coagulant is 16 ppm. Automatic dosingprovides better efficiency than manual dosing. The study recommends continuous verification ofchemical preparation and injection, periodic cleaning of settling tanks, and monitoring of oily waterentering the station
Statistical Coding and Decoding of Heartbeat Intervals
The heart integrates neuroregulatory messages into specific bands of frequency, such that the overall amplitude spectrum of the cardiac output reflects the variations of the autonomic nervous system. This modulatory mechanism seems to be well adjusted to the unpredictability of the cardiac demand, maintaining a proper cardiac regulation. A longstanding theory holds that biological organisms facing an ever-changing environment are likely to evolve adaptive mechanisms to extract essential features in order to adjust their behavior. The key question, however, has been to understand how the neural circuitry self-organizes these feature detectors to select behaviorally relevant information. Previous studies in computational perception suggest that a neural population enhances information that is important for survival by minimizing the statistical redundancy of the stimuli. Herein we investigate whether the cardiac system makes use of a redundancy reduction strategy to regulate the cardiac rhythm. Based on a network of neural filters optimized to code heartbeat intervals, we learn a population code that maximizes the information across the neural ensemble. The emerging population code displays filter tuning proprieties whose characteristics explain diverse aspects of the autonomic cardiac regulation, such as the compromise between fast and slow cardiac responses. We show that the filters yield responses that are quantitatively similar to observed heart rate responses during direct sympathetic or parasympathetic nerve stimulation. Our findings suggest that the heart decodes autonomic stimuli according to information theory principles analogous to how perceptual cues are encoded by sensory systems
Bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity in fruits of clone and ungrafted genotypes of yellow mombin tree
Cauchy Problem for Semilinear Parabolic Equation with Time-Dependent Obstacles: A BSDEs Approach
Supplémentation en méthionine d'un aliment à base de feverole. Effets sur la croissance, le rendement à l'abattage et la composition de la carcasse
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Essai chez le lapin de complementation d'un aliment pauvre en cellulose par un fourrage distribue en quantite limitee: digestibilite et croissance
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The LewyâStampacchia inequality for the obstacle problem with quadratic growth in the gradient
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