110 research outputs found
Sumatriptanânaproxen sodium in migraine:A review
Background: Varied responses to acute migraine medications have been observed, with over oneâthird (34.5%) of patients reporting insufficient headache relief. Sumatriptanânaproxen sodium, a single, fixedâdose combination tablet comprising sumatriptan 85 mg and naproxen sodium 500 mg, was developed with the rationale of targeting multiple putative mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of migraine to optimise acute migraine care. Methods: A narrative review of clinical trials investigating sumatriptanânaproxen sodium for both adults and adolescents was performed in March 2024. Results: Across a total of 14 clinical trials in nine publications, sumatriptanânaproxen sodium offered greater efficacy for 2âh pain freedom (14/14) and sustained painâfree response up to 24 h (13/14) compared with monotherapy and/or placebo for both adult and adolescent study participants with an acceptable and wellâtolerated adverse effect profile. Clinical trial data also demonstrates the effectiveness of sumatriptanânaproxen sodium in participants with allodynia, probable migraine, menstrualârelated migraine and those with poor responses to acute, nonâspecific, migraine medication. Conclusions: Multiâmechanistic therapeutic agents offer an opportunity to optimise acute medications by targeting multiple mediators involved in the pathogenesis of migraine. Sumatriptanânaproxen sodium resulted in greater initial and sustained pain freedom, compared with either sumatriptan, naproxenâsodium and/or placebo, for the treatment of single or multiple attacks of migraine across both adult and adolescent study populations
Sumatriptanânaproxen sodium in migraine:A review
Background: Varied responses to acute migraine medications have been observed, with over oneâthird (34.5%) of patients reporting insufficient headache relief. Sumatriptanânaproxen sodium, a single, fixedâdose combination tablet comprising sumatriptan 85 mg and naproxen sodium 500 mg, was developed with the rationale of targeting multiple putative mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of migraine to optimise acute migraine care. Methods: A narrative review of clinical trials investigating sumatriptanânaproxen sodium for both adults and adolescents was performed in March 2024. Results: Across a total of 14 clinical trials in nine publications, sumatriptanânaproxen sodium offered greater efficacy for 2âh pain freedom (14/14) and sustained painâfree response up to 24 h (13/14) compared with monotherapy and/or placebo for both adult and adolescent study participants with an acceptable and wellâtolerated adverse effect profile. Clinical trial data also demonstrates the effectiveness of sumatriptanânaproxen sodium in participants with allodynia, probable migraine, menstrualârelated migraine and those with poor responses to acute, nonâspecific, migraine medication. Conclusions: Multiâmechanistic therapeutic agents offer an opportunity to optimise acute medications by targeting multiple mediators involved in the pathogenesis of migraine. Sumatriptanânaproxen sodium resulted in greater initial and sustained pain freedom, compared with either sumatriptan, naproxenâsodium and/or placebo, for the treatment of single or multiple attacks of migraine across both adult and adolescent study populations
DMTs and Covid-19 severity in MS: a pooled analysis from Italy and France
We evaluated the effect of DMTs on Covid-19 severity in patients with MS, with a pooled-analysis of two large cohorts from Italy and France. The association of baseline characteristics and DMTs with Covid-19 severity was assessed by multivariate ordinal-logistic models and pooled by a fixed-effect meta-analysis. 1066 patients with MS from Italy and 721 from France were included. In the multivariate model, anti-CD20 therapies were significantly associated (OR = 2.05, 95%CI = 1.39â3.02, p < 0.001) with Covid-19 severity, whereas interferon indicated a decreased risk (OR = 0.42, 95%CI = 0.18â0.99, p = 0.047). This pooled-analysis confirms an increased risk of severe Covid-19 in patients on anti-CD20 therapies and supports the protective role of interferon
Are CGRP and PACAP involved in the pathophysiology of peripheral neuropathic pain?
International audienceBackground: In relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), early identification of suboptimal responders can prevent disability progression. Objective: We aimed to develop and validate a dynamic score to guide the early decision to switch from first- to second-line therapy. Methods: Using time-dependent propensity scores (PS) from a French cohort of 12,823 patients with RRMS, we constructed one training and two validation PS-matched cohorts to compare the switched patients to second-line treatment and the maintained patients. We used a frailty Cox model for predicting individual hazard ratios (iHRs). Results: From the validation PS-matched cohort of 348 independent patients with iHR â©œ 0.69, we reported the 5-year relapse-free survival at 0.14 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.09â0.22) for the waiting group and 0.40 (95% CI 0.32â0.51) for the switched group. From the validation PS-matched cohort of 518 independent patients with iHR > 0.69, these values were 0.37 (95% CI 0.30â0.46) and 0.44 (95% CI 0.37â0.52), respectively. Conclusions: By using the proposed dynamic score, we estimated that at least one-third of patients could benefit from an earlier switch to prevent relapse
Etude des mécanismes de l'action antalgique de la stimulation magnétique transcranienne. : Focus sur la douleur de la Sclérose en Plaques.
Neuropathic pain is common, debilitating and often difficult to treat with the drugs we currently have. A better understanding of the pathophysiology of these pains and the development of new therapeutics are needed. Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) is a technique for evaluating cortical excitability and modulating pain, and could be an interesting avenue. Multiple sclerosis (MS) frequently causes neuropathic pain and is the pathology on which this work has focused. The aim of the latter was first of all to precisely define the characteristics of pain in MS, then to test in healthy subjects new frequencies of repetitive TMS (rTMS) in an attempt to improve and better understand the analgesic effects of this technique and finally, to perform a therapeutic study of the effect of rTMS in patients with central neuropathic pain related to MS.During the first part of this work, we conducted a postal survey addressed to 1300 MS patients, which showed that 51% of patients had pain with neuropathic features, 46% of migraine headaches and that these two symptoms were not independent. but seemed to be mediated by distinct mechanisms.The second part of this work started with a review of the literature concerning the mechanisms of action of rTMS used for analgesic purposes. We then conducted a study involving 14 healthy subjects, which showed that a new frequency of rTMS, prolonged continuous theta-burst stimulation (pcTBS), made it possible to obtain a more important cold-pain treatment than the conventional 10 Hz rTMS. after stimulation of the left primary motor cortex (M1). In these healthy subjects, the analgesic effect was not related to a modulation of the excitability of the primary motor cortex or to an increase in the modulation of pain induced by conditioning stimulation.The last part of the work is in progress. It consists of a randomized, double-blind controlled trial involving 3 parallel groups (10 Hz rTMS, pcTBS and placebo rTMS targeting the left M1). Sixty-six MS patients with refractory neuropathic pain will be included (22 per group). They will receive one rTMS session per day for five consecutive days and will be followed for one month. The primary endpoint is variation in pain between the week prior to rTMS and the eighth day after the first rTMS. Secondary physiopathological objectives (imaging and cortical excitability) imply the inclusion of 40 MS patients presenting no pain (STIMASEP, NCT02059096).La douleur neuropathique est frĂ©quente, invalidante et souvent difficile Ă traiter avec les mĂ©dicaments dont nous disposons actuellement. Une meilleure comprĂ©hension de la physiopathologie de ces douleurs et le dĂ©veloppement de nouvelles thĂ©rapeutiques sont nĂ©cessaires. La stimulation magnĂ©tique transcrĂąnienne (TMS) est une technique permettant dâĂ©valuer lâexcitabilitĂ© corticale et de moduler la douleur et pourrait ainsi constituer une piste intĂ©ressante. La sclĂ©rose en plaques (SEP) engendre frĂ©quemment des douleurs neuropathiques et constitue la pathologie sur laquelle sâest focalisĂ© ce travail. Lâobjectif de ce dernier Ă©tait tout dâabord de dĂ©finir prĂ©cisĂ©ment les caractĂ©ristiques des douleurs dans la SEP, ensuite de tester chez des sujets sains de nouvelles frĂ©quences de TMS rĂ©pĂ©titives (rTMS) pour tenter dâamĂ©liorer et de mieux comprendre les effets antalgiques de cette technique et enfin, de rĂ©aliser une Ă©tude thĂ©rapeutique de lâeffet de la rTMS chez des patients prĂ©sentant des douleurs neuropathiques centrales en rapport avec une SEP. Durant la premiĂšre partie de ce travail, nous avons conduit une enquĂȘte postale adressĂ©e Ă 1300 patients SEP qui a permis de montrer que 51% des patients prĂ©sentaient des douleurs aux caractĂ©ristiques neuropathiques, 46% des migraines et que ces deux symptĂŽmes nâĂ©taient pas indĂ©pendants mais semblaient mĂ©diĂ©s par des mĂ©canismes distincts. La seconde partie de ce travail a dĂ©butĂ© par une revue de la littĂ©rature concernant les mĂ©canismes dâaction de la rTMS utilisĂ©e Ă visĂ©e antalgique. Nous avons ensuite rĂ©alisĂ© une Ă©tude impliquant 14 sujets sains, qui a permis de montrer quâune nouvelle frĂ©quence de rTMS, la stimulation theta burst prolongĂ©e continue (pcTBS), permettait dâobtenir une antalgie au froid plus importante que la rTMS classique Ă 10Hz aprĂšs stimulation du cortex moteur primaire (M1) gauche. Chez ces sujets sains, lâeffet antalgique nâĂ©tait pas liĂ© Ă une modulation de lâexcitabilitĂ© du cortex moteur primaire ou Ă une majoration de la modulation de la douleur induite par une stimulation conditionnante. La derniĂšre partie du travail est en cours. Elle correspond Ă un essai contrĂŽlĂ©, randomisĂ©, en double aveugle, impliquant 3 groupes parallĂšles (rTMS Ă 10Hz, pcTBS et rTMS placebo ciblant le M1 gauche). Soixante-six patients SEP prĂ©sentant des douleurs neuropathiques rĂ©fractaires seront inclus (22 par groupe). Ils bĂ©nĂ©ficieront dâune sĂ©ance de rTMS par jour durant cinq jours consĂ©cutifs et seront suivis durant un mois. Le critĂšre principal de jugement porte sur la variation de la douleur entre la semaine prĂ©cĂ©dant les rTMS et le huitiĂšme jour aprĂšs la premiĂšre rTMS. Des objectifs secondaires physiopathologiques (imagerie et excitabilitĂ© corticale) impliquent lâinclusion de 40 patients SEP ne prĂ©sentant pas de douleur (STIMASEP, NCT02059096)
Study of the mechanisms of the analgesic action of transcranial magnetic stimulation. : Focus on the pain of multiple sclerosis.
La douleur neuropathique est frĂ©quente, invalidante et souvent difficile Ă traiter avec les mĂ©dicaments dont nous disposons actuellement. Une meilleure comprĂ©hension de la physiopathologie de ces douleurs et le dĂ©veloppement de nouvelles thĂ©rapeutiques sont nĂ©cessaires. La stimulation magnĂ©tique transcrĂąnienne (TMS) est une technique permettant dâĂ©valuer lâexcitabilitĂ© corticale et de moduler la douleur et pourrait ainsi constituer une piste intĂ©ressante. La sclĂ©rose en plaques (SEP) engendre frĂ©quemment des douleurs neuropathiques et constitue la pathologie sur laquelle sâest focalisĂ© ce travail. Lâobjectif de ce dernier Ă©tait tout dâabord de dĂ©finir prĂ©cisĂ©ment les caractĂ©ristiques des douleurs dans la SEP, ensuite de tester chez des sujets sains de nouvelles frĂ©quences de TMS rĂ©pĂ©titives (rTMS) pour tenter dâamĂ©liorer et de mieux comprendre les effets antalgiques de cette technique et enfin, de rĂ©aliser une Ă©tude thĂ©rapeutique de lâeffet de la rTMS chez des patients prĂ©sentant des douleurs neuropathiques centrales en rapport avec une SEP. Durant la premiĂšre partie de ce travail, nous avons conduit une enquĂȘte postale adressĂ©e Ă 1300 patients SEP qui a permis de montrer que 51% des patients prĂ©sentaient des douleurs aux caractĂ©ristiques neuropathiques, 46% des migraines et que ces deux symptĂŽmes nâĂ©taient pas indĂ©pendants mais semblaient mĂ©diĂ©s par des mĂ©canismes distincts. La seconde partie de ce travail a dĂ©butĂ© par une revue de la littĂ©rature concernant les mĂ©canismes dâaction de la rTMS utilisĂ©e Ă visĂ©e antalgique. Nous avons ensuite rĂ©alisĂ© une Ă©tude impliquant 14 sujets sains, qui a permis de montrer quâune nouvelle frĂ©quence de rTMS, la stimulation theta burst prolongĂ©e continue (pcTBS), permettait dâobtenir une antalgie au froid plus importante que la rTMS classique Ă 10Hz aprĂšs stimulation du cortex moteur primaire (M1) gauche. Chez ces sujets sains, lâeffet antalgique nâĂ©tait pas liĂ© Ă une modulation de lâexcitabilitĂ© du cortex moteur primaire ou Ă une majoration de la modulation de la douleur induite par une stimulation conditionnante. La derniĂšre partie du travail est en cours. Elle correspond Ă un essai contrĂŽlĂ©, randomisĂ©, en double aveugle, impliquant 3 groupes parallĂšles (rTMS Ă 10Hz, pcTBS et rTMS placebo ciblant le M1 gauche). Soixante-six patients SEP prĂ©sentant des douleurs neuropathiques rĂ©fractaires seront inclus (22 par groupe). Ils bĂ©nĂ©ficieront dâune sĂ©ance de rTMS par jour durant cinq jours consĂ©cutifs et seront suivis durant un mois. Le critĂšre principal de jugement porte sur la variation de la douleur entre la semaine prĂ©cĂ©dant les rTMS et le huitiĂšme jour aprĂšs la premiĂšre rTMS. Des objectifs secondaires physiopathologiques (imagerie et excitabilitĂ© corticale) impliquent lâinclusion de 40 patients SEP ne prĂ©sentant pas de douleur (STIMASEP, NCT02059096).Neuropathic pain is common, debilitating and often difficult to treat with the drugs we currently have. A better understanding of the pathophysiology of these pains and the development of new therapeutics are needed. Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) is a technique for evaluating cortical excitability and modulating pain, and could be an interesting avenue. Multiple sclerosis (MS) frequently causes neuropathic pain and is the pathology on which this work has focused. The aim of the latter was first of all to precisely define the characteristics of pain in MS, then to test in healthy subjects new frequencies of repetitive TMS (rTMS) in an attempt to improve and better understand the analgesic effects of this technique and finally, to perform a therapeutic study of the effect of rTMS in patients with central neuropathic pain related to MS.During the first part of this work, we conducted a postal survey addressed to 1300 MS patients, which showed that 51% of patients had pain with neuropathic features, 46% of migraine headaches and that these two symptoms were not independent. but seemed to be mediated by distinct mechanisms.The second part of this work started with a review of the literature concerning the mechanisms of action of rTMS used for analgesic purposes. We then conducted a study involving 14 healthy subjects, which showed that a new frequency of rTMS, prolonged continuous theta-burst stimulation (pcTBS), made it possible to obtain a more important cold-pain treatment than the conventional 10 Hz rTMS. after stimulation of the left primary motor cortex (M1). In these healthy subjects, the analgesic effect was not related to a modulation of the excitability of the primary motor cortex or to an increase in the modulation of pain induced by conditioning stimulation.The last part of the work is in progress. It consists of a randomized, double-blind controlled trial involving 3 parallel groups (10 Hz rTMS, pcTBS and placebo rTMS targeting the left M1). Sixty-six MS patients with refractory neuropathic pain will be included (22 per group). They will receive one rTMS session per day for five consecutive days and will be followed for one month. The primary endpoint is variation in pain between the week prior to rTMS and the eighth day after the first rTMS. Secondary physiopathological objectives (imaging and cortical excitability) imply the inclusion of 40 MS patients presenting no pain (STIMASEP, NCT02059096)
Douleurs musculo-squelettiques de la face, migraine et céphalée de tension : un problÚme multi-disciplinaire.
International audienc
[Anti-calcitonin generelated peptide (CGRP) therapies for migraine].
International audienceANTI-CALCITONIN GENE-RELATED PEPTIDE (CGRP) THERAPIES FOR MIGRAINE. Currently, four monoclonal antibodies targeting the CGRP (calcitonin gene-related peptide) pathway have been shown to be effective as migraine prophylactics: eptinezumab, erenumab, fremanezumab and galcanezumab. Unlike the usual preventive treatments, they are administered parenterally: subcutaneously (monthly or quarterly) or by quarterly IV infusion for eptinezumab. They reduce the frequency of attacks by at least 50% in 50 to 60% of migraine patients, even in cases of failure of several conventional preventive treatments, in cases of chronic migraine and medication overuse. Their tolerance is better than that of conventional oral treatments and the discontinuation rates are very low. They can be proposed after failure of at least two conventional prophylactic treatments, in patients with at least 8 migraine days per month and without cardiovascular pathology. Indeed, these drugs present a risk in case of cardiovascular disease, by inhibiting vasodilation, and are therefore contraindicated in this population. The main limitation to the use of these treatments in France at present is the lack of reimbursement, the cheapest molecule being available at a price of 245 ⏠per injection
Interest of registries in neuropathic pain research
International audienceBackground: In multiple sclerosis (MS) studies, the most appropriate model for the distribution of the number of relapses was shown to be the negative binomial (NB) distribution. Objective: To determine whether the sample-size estimation (SSE) and the analysis of annualized relapse rates (ARRs) in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were aligned and compare the SSE between normal and NB distributions. Methods: Systematic review of phase 3 and 4 RCTs for which the primary endpoint was ARR in relapsing remitting MS published since 2008 in pre-selected major medical journals. A PubMed search was performed on 30 November 2020. We checked whether the SSE and ARR analyses were congruent. We also performed standardized (fixed α/ÎČ, number of arms and overdispersion) SSEs using data collected from the studies. Results: Twenty articles (22 studies) were selected. NB distribution (or quasi-Poisson) was used for SSE in only 7/22 studies, whereas 21/22 used it for ARR analyses. SSE relying on NB regression necessitated a smaller sample size in 21/22 of our calculations. Conclusion: SSE was rarely performed using the most appropriate model. However, the use of an NB model is recommended to optimize the number of included patients and to be congruent with the final analysis
La douleur dans une population générale de patients présentant une sclérose en plaques (existence d'une corrélation entre migraine et douleurs ayant des caractéristiques neuropathiques)
La SclĂ©rose En Plaques (SEP) est la maladie chronique la plus frĂ©quente Ă l'origine d'un handicap chez l'adulte jeune. Les douleurs constituent un symptĂŽme frĂ©quent, dont la prĂ©valence est variable selon les Ă©tudes et la physiopathologie imparfaitement connue. Evaluer la prĂ©valence et les caractĂ©ristiques de la douleur dans une large population de patients prĂ©sentant une SEP, en portant un intĂ©rĂȘt particulier aux caractĂ©ristiques neuropathiques et aux cĂ©phalĂ©es, afin de corrĂ©ler la douleur aux paramĂštres Ă©volutifs et aux traitements. Un questionnaire postal a Ă©tĂ© adressĂ© aux 1301 membres de l'association rĂ©gionale de patients SEP. La premiĂšre question correspondait Ă l'existence de douleur durant le dernier mois. Les sujets rĂ©pondant positivement remplissaient un questionnaire sur les cĂ©phalĂ©es recherchant des critĂšres de migraine, la version auto-questionnaire du DN-4, le Brief Pain Inventory et le questionnaire de dramatisation de Sullivan. 681 rĂ©ponses (52,1%) ont Ă©tĂ© obtenues dont 674 exploitables. La douleur concernait 530 patients (78,6%);362 (53,7%) prĂ©sentaient des cĂ©phalĂ©es dont 309 (45,8%) migraineux et 347 (51,5%) prĂ©sentaient des douleurs aux caractĂ©ristiques neuropathiques. Les douleurs neuropathiques entrainaient une douleur plus intense et Ă©taient corrĂ©lĂ©es positivement avec la prĂ©sence de migraine. Les patients douloureux Ă©taient significativement plus jeunes, avec une durĂ©e d'Ă©volution de la maladie plus courte et avaient moins souvent une forme progressive. La prĂ©valence des douleurs neuropathiques et des cĂ©phalĂ©es diminuait avec la durĂ©e d'Ă©volution. Un traitement antalgique spĂ©cifique n'Ă©tait prescrit que pour environ 25% des patients. Migraines et douleurs neuropathiques sont associĂ©es, faisant Ă©voquer un mĂ©canisme physiopathologique commun. La douleur est plus frĂ©quente aux stades prĂ©coces de la maladie dans les formes non progressives, lorsque l'inflammation centrale est importante. Les caractĂ©ristiques de la douleur sont insuffisamment prises en compte en pratique et rarement traitĂ©es de façon optimale.CLERMONT FD-BCIU-SantĂ© (631132104) / SudocSudocFranceF
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