Early effect of radiation on the liver functional tests of patients with thoracic and abdominal tumors during radiotherapy

The liver is an organ at risk (OAR) in radiotherapy of thoracic and abdominal tumors such as gastric, distal esophagus, lower lung and breast, bile duct, pancreas and whole abdomen. In this study the alteration in liver functional tests (LFT) of these patients during radiotherapy was investigated. To that end, the level of serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), direct and total bilirubin were checked out at different times (before radiotherapy and every 2 weeks after the start of radiotherapy and followed up to 2 months after the end of treatment). The results showed that LFT level increased during radiotherapy while they gradually decreased after treatment. Our results showed that the LFT serum is a very sensitive and useful biomarker for evaluation of the radiotherapy effects.

X-ray diffraction studies of GaN p-i-n structures for high power electronics

We have investigated the influence of the ambient exposure and/or ICP etching on the structure and properties of GaN p-i-n structures for high power electronics. To quantify the concentration of various native and extrinsic point defects, we utilize a combination of ion beam analyses in conjunction with x-ray diffraction. The full width at half max (FWHM) of phi and omega scans were used to quantify the mosaicity and threading dislocation (TD) densities at the p-i interfaces. The lowest densities of c-type and highest densities a-type TD components are observed for the “in-situ” GaN structure, which also produces the highest interfacial donor-acceptor pair (DAP) cathodoluminescence (CL) emissions. Interestingly, elastic recoil detection analysis (ERDA) and Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy reveal the lowest interfacial [H] but the highest fraction of displaced Ga atoms, suggesting efficient incorporation of MgGa in the in-situ structure. On the other hand, for the ex-situ structures, minimal interfacial [H] is also observed, but the lowest interfacial NBE and DAP CL emission is apparent as well as the highest density of c-type TD components. The relationship between interfacial [H], displaced Ga, CL emission features, and c- and a-type dislocation densities will be discussed.http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/169564/1/zimmerman-alex-capstone-report.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/169564/2/Zimmerman-Alex-Honors-Capstone-Poster.pd

Tunable microwave signal generator with an optically-injected 1310nm QD-DFB laser

Tunable microwave signal generation with frequencies ranging from below 1 GHz to values over 40 GHz is demonstrated experimentally with a 1310nm Quantum Dot (QD) Distributed-Feedback (DFB) laser. Microwave signal generation is achieved using the period 1 dynamics induced in the QD DFB under optical injection. Continuous tuning in the positive detuning frequency range of the quantum dot's unique stability map is demonstrated. The simplicity of the experimental configuration offers promise for novel uses of these nanostructure lasers in Radio-over-Fiber (RoF) applications and future mobile networks. © 2013 Optical Society of America

NANOWIRE-BASED LIGHT-EMITTING DIODES: A NEW PATH TOWARDS HIGH-SPEED VISIBLE LIGHT COMMUNICATION

Nano-scale optoelectronic devices have gained significant attention in recent years. Among these devices are semiconductor nanowires, whose dimeters range from 100 to 200 nm. Semiconductor nanowires can be utilized in many different applications including light-emitting diodes and laser diodes. Higher surface to volume ratio makes nanowire-based structures potential candidates for the next generation of photodetectors, sensors, and solar cells. Core-shell light-emitting diodes based on selective-area growth of gallium nitride (GaN) nanowires provide a wide range of advantages. Among these advantages are access to non-polar m-plane sidewalls, higher active region area compared to conventional planar structures, and reduction of threading dislocation density. In this work, metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) was employed to grow GaN nanowires. GaN nanowires were grown selectively using a dielectric mask. The effect of mask geometry and growth conditions on the morphology and dimensions of the GaN nanowires were studied. It is shown that the pitch spacing between each nanowire has a significant effect on the geometry of the GaN nanowires. Growth of quantum wells around the GaN nanowires was also investigated. A feasible approach towards monolithically integrated multi-color LEDs was presented, which is not possible using conventional planar LEDs. The nanowire approach offers a potential way to overcome the current issue of pick-and-place for micro-LED displays, fabricated using planar LEDs. Core-shell nanowire-based LEDs were successfully fabricated and the opto-electrical characteristics of the LEDs were investigated. An equivalent circuit model for the LED was proposed, and a thorough investigation of RF characterizations of the LEDs was presented. This work paves the way to understand the limiting factor for 3-dB modulation bandwidth in nanowire LEDs. Finally, different types of plasmonic nanostructures were proposed to improve the 3-dB modulation bandwidth

Assessment on ecological design principles of urban transformation under the planning: in the case of Adana.

TEZ10743Tez (Yüksek Lisans) -- Çukurova Üniversitesi, Adana, 2014.Kaynakça (s. 111-115) var.viii, 117 s. : res. (bzs. rnk.), tablo ; 29 cm.Sürdürülebilir kalkınma, daha yalın bir deyimle sürdürülebilirlik ile fiziksel planlama ve tasarım eylemleri doğrudan ilişkilidir. Fiziksel planlama ve tasarım, temel olarak peyzaj mimarlığı, şehir ve bölge planlama ve mimarlık disiplinlerinin eylem alanıdır. Ancak, planlama ve tasarım etkinliklerinin ekolojik temelde yapılması çevresel sürdürülebilirliğin birincil koşuludur. Çalışmada bu bağlamda ekolojik tasarım ölçütlerinin Adana kentinin iki farklı kentsel dönüşüm alanı kapsamında belirlenmesi ve karşılaştırmalı olarak irdelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada ekolojik tasarım ölçütleri Adana kentinin içinde yer aldığı sıcak ve nemli iklim kuşağında ele alınarak Adana kentinin iki farklı kentsel dönüşüm alanında kullanılan ölçütler ile karşılaştırılmış ve bir uyumluluk matrisi şeklinde irdelenmeye çalışılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçları çalışmada incelenen iki alan yanında kentteki diğer yenileme/dönüşüm alanları ve benzer ekolojik koşulları içeren bölge kentlerindeki proje ve uygulamalara gerek yapı kitleleri ve gerekse dış mekanların tasarımı açısından ekolojik temelde katkı sağlayabilecektir.Sustainable development, in other words, sustainability actions and decisions are directly related to physical planning and design in diverse terms and definitions. Physical planning and design are basically the action area of landscape architecture, urban and regional planning and architecture disciplines. Within this respect, the ecological bases of planning and design activities are the primary conditions for environmental sustainability. This study aimed to reveal, evaluate and compare the ecological design criteria in two different urban transformation areas in the context of the of Adana city. By implementing ecological design criteria in the hot and humid climate in this research, it is tried to build up a comparison and compatibility matrix in the case of two different fields of urban transformation area in the Adana city. Research findings alongside with two other examined renovation / conversion areas` ecological conditions, could be possibly implemented to improve projects and practice areas in the neighbor urban structure with similar ecological basis either in terms of building structural masses or outdoor living areas

Towards Autonomic Virtual Organization

The evolution of networks and the Internet, which have presented high scalable and available services have made environments more complex. The increasing complexity, cost, and heterogeny in them have motivated researchers to investigate a new idea to cope with the management of complexity in IT industry. Autonomic Computing Systems (ACSs) have been introduced. Moreover, the increasing demands for extended products and services along with advances in IT industry have metamorphosed traditional business toward creating Virtual Organizations (VOs) in order to better respond to business opportunities. Purpose of this paper is to present a survey of ACSs and VOs. It includes some characteristics, issues, and challenges in both. Applying autonomous behavior in improvement of VOs is also proposed in conclusion

Three Dimentional Finite Element Simulation of Welding of a Thick Plate Flange by Using Anand Viscoplastic Model

Common and important problems associated with the welding of large structures are induced distortion and residual stresses, both difficult to simulate accurately given the intensive computational demands of such severely nonlinear processes. In this paper, temperature distribution and variation of stresses and deformations in welding of a thick plate flange have been evaluated by using a three dimensional (3D) model. For modeling of molten puddle motion (speed of welding) in numerical model, birth and dead element method have been employed. By using 3D nonlinear-transient-heat flow finite element analysis, temperature distribution versus time, during welding and after cooling, is obtained. Then by applying these results and viscoplastic condition (Anand viscoplastic model), stress distribution during welding and residual stresses and final deformations are determined

Global Buckling Investigation in Welding of a Thin Wall Aluminum T Joint

In this paper global welding buckling distortion of a thin wall aluminum T joint is investigated. A thermo-elastoplastic model is employed to determine longitudinal residual stresses; analysis of thermal model and elastic-viscoplastic (Anand) model are decoupled. Molten puddle motion (speed of welding) is modeled by using birth and death element method and time dependent model. Three dimensional nonlinear-transient heat flow analysis has been used to obtain temperature distribution, and then by applying thermal results and using three dimensional Anand elastic-viscoplastic model, stress and deformation distributions are obtained. By applying residual stresses on a structural model and using eigenvalue methods, global buckling instability of the welded structure is determined

Prediction of Welding Buckling Distortion in a Thin Wall Aluminum T Joint

In this paper, local and global welding buckling distortion of a thin wall aluminum T joint is investigated. A thermo-elastic-viscoplastic model is employed to determine longitudinal residual stresses; analysis of thermal model and elastic-viscoplastic (Anand) model are uncoupled. Molten puddle motion (speed of welding) is modeled by using time dependent birth and death element method. Three dimensional nonlinear-transient heat flow analysis has been used to obtain the temperature distribution, and then by applying thermal results and using three dimensional Anand elastic-viscoplastic model, stress and deformation distributions are obtained during welding and after cooling. Local buckling is investigated by analyzing the history of stress and strain relations. Local buckling is assumed to occur at a point if a small change in the magnitude of stress causes large deformation during of the welding process. By applying residual stresses on a structural model and using eigenvalue methods, global buckling instability of the welded structure is determined