42 research outputs found
Release of Soluble Receptors for Tumor Necrosis Factor in Clinical Sepsis and Experimental Endotoxemia
To assess the role of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in the appearance of soluble TNF receptors (sTNFRs), 20 consecutive patients with a clinical diagnosis of sepsis were studied as were 7 chimpanzees after administration of endotoxin (4 ng/kg) with or without pentoxifylline. The patients had markedly elevated serum levels of sTNFR-p55 and sTNFR-p75 compared with healthy controls (P < .0001 for both receptors). The levels of both soluble receptors correlated with simultaneously measured immunoreactive TNF concentrations (p55: r = .63, P < .01; p75: r = .69, P < .001). In the chimpanzees, endotoxin induced subsequent rises in the serum concentrations ofTNF and sTNFRs. Although pentoxifylline reduced the TNF response to intravenous endotoxin to 20% (P < .05), the appearance of sTNFRs was only moderately inhibited (sTNFR-p55 to 79% on average, P < .05; sTNFR-p75 to 77%, P = .12). These results indicate that TNF either does not play an important role in the appearance of sTNFRs in systemic infection or that a small amount ofTNF remaining in the circulation after some bacterial challenges is sufficient to preserve the secretion of its soluble receptor
Parent and child agreement for acute stress disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder and other psychopathology in a prospective study of children and adolescents exposed to single-event trauma
Examining parent-child agreement for Acute Stress Disorder (ASD) and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in children and adolescents is essential for informing the assessment of trauma-exposed children, yet no studies have examined this relationship using appropriate statistical techniques. Parent-child agreement for these disorders was examined by structured interview in a prospective study of assault and motor vehicle accident (MVA) child survivors, assessed at 2-4 weeks and 6 months post-trauma. Children were significantly more likely to meet criteria for ASD, as well as other ASD and PTSD symptom clusters, based on their own report than on their parent's report. Parent-child agreement for ASD was poor (Cohen's Îș = -.04), but fair for PTSD (Cohen's Îș = .21). Agreement ranged widely for other emotional disorders (Cohen's Îș = -.07-.64), with generalised anxiety disorder found to have superior parent-child agreement (when assessed by phi coefficients) relative to ASD and PTSD. The findings support the need to directly interview children and adolescents, particularly for the early screening of posttraumatic stress, and suggest that other anxiety disorders may have a clearer presentation post-trauma
Release of Soluble Receptors for Tumor Necrosis Factor in Clinical Sepsis and Experimental Endotoxemia
Psychiatrische Symptome und Störungen bei jesidischen Kindern und Jugendlichen unmittelbar nach erzwungener Migration infolge von IS-Angriffen
Pupilinfluence in the classroom : This is a study about how third graders perceive their possibilities to influence.
Syftet med denna uppsats Àr att undersöka hur elever i Ärskurs tre, pÄ tvÄ skolor i Sverige, uppfattar sin möjlighet till elevinflytande i klassrummet. Vi ska undersöka hur mycket elevinflytande de upplever att de har pÄ undervisningssituationen och arbetssÀttet. Vi ska ocksÄ undersöka vilken uppfattning lÀrarna har om elevinflytande och hur mycket inflytande de ger eleverna i dessa klasser. Med elevinflytandet avses inflytande i planering och genomförande av undervisningen. MÄlet Àr att ta reda pÄ om elever och lÀrare har en likartad syn pÄ vad elevinflytande Àr. VÄr undersökningsmetod bestÄr av intervjuer med lÀrare och enkÀtundersökning med eleverna. Vi intervjuade fem klasslÀrare och delade ut enkÀten till dessa fem klasser, 93 elever. Resultatet visar att eleverna upplever att det finns inslag av elevinflytande i klassrummet men att de inte kan pÄverka hur schemat ser ut. Det som eleverna upplever styrks av lÀrarna nÀr vi intervjuade dem. LÀrarna poÀngterar att elevinflytandet finns med vid praktiska beslut om arbetssÀtt och redovisningsform, men inte i planeringsstadiet av undervisningen eller hur schemat ska se ut. LÀrarna menar att de Àger frÄgan Vad? som undervisningen ska bestÄ av utifrÄn kursplanerna och eleverna fÄr vara med och bestÀmma NÀr? och Hur
De Wet op de orgaandonatie: veranderingen bij het verwerven van organen en weefsels voor transplantatie.
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