Authentication Based on Texture Analysis And SVM Classification

This paper presents for identification and here used a fusion mechanism that amalgamates both, a Canny Edge detection and a Circular Hough Transform to detect the iris boundaries in the eye’s digital image. We then applied the Gabor Wavelet filter instead of using 1D Log-Gabor filter in order to exact the deterministic patterns in a person’s iris in the form of a feature vector. By comparing the quantized vectors using the Hamming Distance operator, we determine finally and for classification used Support vector Machine

Colloid-Facilitated Transport of Cations in an Unsaturated Fractured Soil Under Transient Conditions

Rainfall experiments were conducted using intact soil cores and an instrumented soil pedon to examine the effect of physical heterogeneity and rainfall characteristics on the mobilization of colloids, organic matter, cesium, and strontium in a fractured soil. To measure the spatial variability of infiltration of colloids and contaminants, samples were collected through a 19-port grid placed below the soil core in laboratory study and in 27 samplers at multiple depths in the soil pedon in the field study. Cesium and strontium were applied to the soil cores and the soil pedon prior to mobilization experiments. Rainwater solutions of multiple ionic strengths and organic matter concentrations were applied to the soil cores and soil pedon to mobilize in situ colloids, cesium, and strontium.The mobilization of colloids and metal cations occurred through preferential flow paths in the soil cores. Compared to steady rainfall, greater amounts of colloids were mobilized during rainfall interrupted by pauses, which indicates that the supply of colloids to be mobilized was replenished during the pauses. A maximum in the amount of mobilized colloids were mobilized during a rainfall following a pause of 2.5 d. Pauses of shorter or longer duration resulted in less colloid mobilization. Freeze-thaw cycles, a transient condition in winter, enhanced colloid mobilization and colloid-facilitated transport of cesium and strontium in the soil cores. The exchange of solutes between the soil matrix and macropores caused a hysteretic mobilization of colloids, cesium, and strontium during changes in ionic strength. Colloid-facilitated mobilization of cesium and strontium was important at low ionic strength in fractures where slow flow allowed greater exchange of flow between the fractures and the surrounding matrix. The release of cesium and strontium by cation exchange occurred at high ionic strength in fractures where there is a little exchange of pore water with the surrounding matrix. The results of the field experiment suggested that ion exchange, and not organic matter- or colloid-facilitated transport, was the dominant mechanism for mobilization of cesium and strontium through the macropores of the fractured soil

AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY OF 11 CASES OF CARTAP POISONING - A RARE POISONING

  Objective: Cartap hydrochloride poisoning is an uncommon poisoning encountered in India. The aim of this study was to assess the characteristics, severity, management, and outcome of patients with Cartap poisoning, treated with N-acetylcysteine (NAC) in intensive care unit (ICU) of a tertiary referral hospital.Methods: This is a retrospective study where 11 cases of Cartap poisoning admitted to hospital ICU between 2011 and 2016 were identified from the case records. The demographic data, mode of ingestion, time to treat, ingested dose and severity of poisoning, presenting features, duration of mechanical ventilation (MV), dose of NAC used, complications, and outcome were noted.Results: Patients were scored as moderate or severe cases of poisoning. Severe cases consumed >10 g, underwent gastric lavage > 4 hrs, and took Cartap concomitantly with alcohol or in empty stomach. Duration of MV varied from 68-94 hrs in severe cases and 12-48 hrs in moderate cases. Average dose of NAC in severe case was 11.19 g and moderate case was 8.89 g. The most common presenting symptoms were vomiting, altered sensorium, and breathlessness. Severe cases had more complications, and the most common complication was hypotension followed by seizures. Survival was 100%.Conclusion: 50% of Cartap poisoning cases had good survival outcome. Severity of poisoning depends on amount of Cartap ingested, time taken for gastric lavage, and concomitant administration of alcohol. Duration of MV and dose of NAC and complications encountered correlates with the severity of poisoning

Two Distributed Algorithms for E-ticket Validation Protocols for Mobile Clients

The e-ticket (electronic ticket) validation problem has relevance in mobile computing environment because of the multiple submission of a ticket that is possible due to intermittent disconnections and mobility of hosts. Here, we propose protocols that are not only sensitive to disconnection but also to location. One of the proposed protocols is the variant of the distributed protocol proposed by Pedone (2000) for Internet users. This shows that a distributed protocol for static network can be restructured for distributed computation in a mobile computing environment. We have also proposed another protocol that uses a hierarchical location database of mobile hosts (Pitoura and Samaras, 2001)

Bridging the Gap of Skilled Surgeons in Low and Middle Income Countries Using ICT Based Tools : A Case Study in Super-Speciality Training

Introduction: Over the last two decades, advancement of super specialised surgical disciplines has shown improved health outcome, in particular quality and safety. Although medical technology has developed to meet diagnostics and therapeutic needs, there is a scarcity of trained human resources in advanced specialities in low and middle income countries (LMICs). Innovative methods are needed to educate and train people at their workplaces using collaborative technologies and networks. Methods: Over the last 15 years, two general surgeons in Cuttack have been telementored from Lucknow 1,163 km away, using collaborative technologies to develop Endocrine Surgery. This study reviews the last 11 years of the service which includes a clinical decision support system and treatment planning advice using real time videoconferencing. Results: Over the last 11 years, 199 endocrine surgeries per annum were performed with most being thyroid cases as compared with 119 surgeries per annum during the previous five years. Parathyroid and adrenal cases increased significantly during this period (p <0.001). Rates of temporary and permanent vocal cord palsy (1.7% and 0%), hypocalcaemia (5.9% and 1.1%) were comparable with high volume centres. Based on the quantum, safety and quality outcome of endocrine surgery the provincial government has approved creation of a super-speciality department of endocrine surgery in Cuttack. Conclusion: Sustained engagement using telementoring can transfer surgical skills to needy surgeons and enable them to match the expertise of mentors. This model can be replicated in other specialities in a cost effective way to develop specialised human resources for healthcare, in particular in LMICs

Multifocal myxoid liposarcoma: a rare and controversial entity-case report with literature review

Multifocal soft tissue sarcoma (STS) is a rare and controversial entity, accounting for about 1% of patients with extremity STS and 4.5% of patients with liposarcoma. Multifocal presentation can occur synchronously or metachronously and is defined as the presence of tumor at two or more anatomically separate sites before the manifestation of disease in sites where sarcomas usually metastasize (e.g., lungs, liver, bone). Myxoid liposarcoma is the predominant histological type in multifocal presentation. This matter is debated as to whether  this entity represent an unusual pattern of metastasis or multiple separate primary tumors as the differentiation between second primary and metastatic lesions has major clinical consequences. Recent literatures based on molecular biologic analysis of tumor clonal heterogeneity suggest metastatic nature. Multifocal myxoid liposarcoma has an aggressive clinical course with frequent recurrences and poor prognosis. Surgery remains the mainstay of treatment with adjuvant chemo and radiotherapy. Herein we are reporting a case of metachronous multifocal myxoid liposarcoma with multiple tumor sites (bilateral breasts, anterior chest wall, anterior abdominal wall, right shoulder area, left thigh etc.) which developed after one year of lumpectomy of myxoid liposarcoma of left breast. A recent review of literature pertaining to its unusual metastatic character, imaging and pathologic features is made

Out-of-pocket expenditure on prenatal and natal care post Janani Suraksha Yojana: a case from Rajasthan, India

Background: Though Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) under National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) is successful in increasing antenatal and natal care services, little is known on the cost coverage of out-of-pocket expenditure (OOPE) on maternal care services post-NRHM period. Methods: Using data from a community-based study of 424 recently delivered women in Rajasthan, this paper examined the variation in OOPE in accessing maternal health services and the extent to which JSY incentives covered the burden of cost incurred. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression analyses are used to understand the differential and determinants of OOPE. Results: The mean OOPE for antenatal care was US$26 at public health centres and US$64 at private health centres. The OOPE (antenatal and natal) per delivery was US$32 if delivery was conducted at home, US$78 at public facility and US$154 at private facility. The OOPE varied by the type of delivery, delivery with complications and place of ANC. The OOPE in public health centre was US$44 and US$145 for normal and complicated delivery, respectively. The share of JSY was 44 % of the total cost per delivery, 77 % in case of normal delivery and 23 % for complicated delivery. Results from the log linear model suggest that economic status, educational level and pregnancy complications are significant predictors of OOPE. Conclusions: Our results suggest that JSY has increased the coverage of institutional delivery and reduced financial stress to household and families but not sufficient for complicated delivery. Provisioning of providing sonography/ other test and treating complicated cases in public health centres need to be strengthened

Public health insurance coverage in India before and after PM-JAY:Repeated cross-sectional analysis of nationally representative survey data

Introduction:The provision of non-contributory public health insurance (NPHI) to marginalised populations is a critical step along the path to universal health coverage. We aimed to assess the extent to which Ayushman Bharat-Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (PM-JAY) - potentially, the world's largest NPHI programme - has succeeded in raising health insurance coverage of the poorest two-fifths of the population of India. Methods:We used nationally representative data from the National Family Health Survey on 633 699 and 601 509 households in 2015-2016 (pre-PM-JAY) and 2019-2021 (mostly, post PM-JAY), respectively. We stratified by urban/rural and estimated NPHI coverage nationally, and by state, district and socioeconomic categories. We decomposed coverage variance between states, districts, and households and measured socioeconomic inequality in coverage. For Uttar Pradesh, we tested whether coverage increased most in districts where PM-JAY had been implemented before the second survey and whether coverage increased most for targeted poorer households in these districts. Results:We estimated that NPHI coverage increased by 11.7 percentage points (pp) (95% CI 11.0% to 12.4%) and 8.0 pp (95% CI 7.3% to 8.7%) in rural and urban India, respectively. In rural areas, coverage increased most for targeted households and pro-rich inequality decreased. Geographical inequalities in coverage narrowed. Coverage did not increase more in states that implemented PM-JAY. In Uttar Pradesh, the coverage increase was larger by 3.4 pp (95% CI 0.9% to 6.0%) and 4.2 pp (95% CI 1.2% to 7.1%) in rural and urban areas, respectively, in districts exposed to PM-JAY and the increase was 3.5 pp (95% CI 0.9% to 6.1%) larger for targeted households in these districts. Conclusion:The introduction of PM-JAY coincided with increased public health insurance coverage and decreased inequality in coverage. But the gains cannot all be plausibly attributed to PM-JAY, and they are insufficient to reach the goal of universal coverage of the poor.</p

Correlatiing Growth, Yield and Adoption of Urdbean Technologies

ABSTRACT in farmers&apos; practices during 2008. The result revealed that even in case of lowest yield under FLD, the increase was recorded to be 43 per cent over the farmers&apos; practice in the year 2005. The economic viability and profitability showed that the benefit cost ratio (B: C) was higher in the case of improved agro-technologies (FLD) with 2.60 as against 1.94 in farmers&apos; practice (FP). The net return from improved agro-technologies (FLD) wa