THE PREVALENCE OF PTSD AND DEPRESSION AMONG GAZA CHILDREN

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the prevalence of posttraumatic distress disorder (PTSD) and depression among children in Gaza, Palestine. Methodology:  This study assessed the psychological effects of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict on children in the Gaza Strip. 286 children aged 9-14 years old, who were exposed to a wide range of war events, were selected from the Gaza Strip to participate in this study. All participants conducted the following scales: the child PTSD Reaction Index(CPTSD-RI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and the Arabic version for PTSD and depression assessment. Finding: The results show that the mean number of participants witnessing home destroyed and people killed was (88%) and home invasion (76%). Approximately 70% of the participants reported that they witnessed war violence against at least one of their family members. Further, 44 % of the children have a least one death in their family due to the Israeli invasion. Using t-tests, we found that significantly more females have both PTSD and depression than males. Approximately 32.8% of the participants met the criteria for severe depression, and 42.6 % met the criteria for PTSD. Implications: Our results suggest that it is imperative to provide intervention programs to treat PTSD and depression symptoms among children in Gaza. These programs should take into account the cultural and religious background of the participants. Originality: This investigation of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict has led to an increase in PTSD and depression symptoms among children in the Gaza Strip

Introducing the open source metamodel concept

The Model Driven Architecture (MDA) is a model centric software engineering methodology that aiming to enhance software productivity, reusability, maintainability and quality by focusing on models and metamodels in place of conventional code. By adopting the separation of concern these models defined in different levels of abstraction where each model syntactically conforms to a particular metamodel. Under the MDA context this work presents a novel approach for representing models and metamodels. Benefiting from the knowledge representation capability and the open structure of the Entity Attribute Value (EAV) model, we represent metamodels and its instance models in a single EAV designed repository in to support of model transformations and introducing a new concept of what we call it an Open Source Metamodel. Also this work demonstrate an integration between UML static and behavioral model

The Role of the Universities in Counterterrorism and Electronic Extremism from the Viewpoint of the Faculty Members at Al Balqa Applied University and Naif Arab University for Security Sciences

The purpose of the study is to investigate the role of the universities in counterterrorism and electronic extremism from the view point of faculty members at Al Balqa Applied University and Naif Arab University for Security Sciences; it aims also to investigate the effect of faculty members' gender, academic qualification, and experience on their viewpoint. The sample of the study was selected purposefully. It consisted of (94) faculty members, (71) male and (23) female faculty members at Al Balqa Applied University and Naif Arab University for Security Sciences. This sample was used to investigate the role of the universities in counterterrorism and electronic extremism and a questionnaire was distributed among them.The findings of the study indicated that there are no statistically significant differences at (α= 0.05) in faculty members' views about the role of the universities in counterterrorism and electronic extremism due to Gender variable. Results also showed that there are statistically significant differences at (α= 0.05) in faculty members' opinion due to qualification variable in favor of PhD Degree, there are statistically significant differences at (α= 0.05) due to experience variable. To find out Multiple Comparisons differences post hoc test using Scheffe Method was conducted, results showed that there are statistically significant differences at (α= 0.05) between Less than 5 years and 10 years or above in favor of 10 years or above. Keywords: Counterterrorism, Electronic Extremism

Modélisation des efforts de coupe en taillage d'engrenages à la fraise-mère

Cette étude introduit une nouvelle approche pour la modélisation des efforts de coupe générés lors de l'opération de taillage d'engrenages à la fraise-mère afin d'améliorer la maitrise de la précision géométrique et de la qualité des pièces fabriquées. Un modèle de prédiction des efforts de coupe en taillage est présenté. Il se base sur trois phases : une phase d'intersection géométrique entre l'outil et la pièce moyennant une simulation de la cinématique du procédé par le logiciel CATIA, une phase de simulation numérique 2D se basant sur approche ALE, et une dernière phase dite ?simulation mécanistique 3D'. La démarche proposée présente l'intérêt de s'affranchir des essais d'usinage dans le cas de cette opération très complexe (gabarie et géométrie des pièces, cinématique, formation de copeau, etc.). En termes de résultats, l'analyse de l'évolution des efforts de coupe ainsi que les caractéristiques des copeaux obtenus en taillage sont présentées

Investigation of inks, pigments and paper in four Moroccan illuminated manuscripts dated to the eighteenth century

UID/FIS/04559/2020 VICARTE UIDB/00729/2020The heritage left by the Arab world in the history of science is directly related to the innovations in both the manufacturing of paper and the production of ink. Four Moroccan manuscripts dating to the eighteenth century, conserved at the royal library of Rabat, have been analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (EDXRF), scanning electron microscopy coupled to energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM–EDS), Raman and attenuated total reflection Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR-ATR). The combination of the Raman, EDS, and EDXRF spectroscopies results allows us to Characterized the inorganic inks, pigments and fillers used in paper making process. Iron-based ink was used for writing the text for all manuscripts. The main pigments used in the titles and in the illuminated part are found to be vermillion and red ochre in red samples, azurite with barium white and ultramarine in blue color, lead chromate in yellow color, copper and arsenic based ink in green color, carbon black for black color and gold. The main fillers identified in paper are calcite and kaolin. FTIR-ATR and Raman analysis revealed the presence of the characteristic bands of cellulose, the main component of paper. XRD confirms the presence of the fillers detected by FTIR-ATR. Finally, SEM allows to have a better knowledge of the typical morphology of the paper highlighting some effects of the degradation process. Graphic abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]publishersversionpublishe

Role of HLA-DQ typing and antitissue transglutaminase antibody titres in diagnosing coeliac disease among Sudanese children with type 1 diabetes mellitus

Objective The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of coeliac disease (CD) and to recognise Human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-associated hereditary susceptibility to Sudanese CD patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1). Design Antitissue transglutaminase IgA (anti-TG IgA) was measured in the serum of 373 children affected with DM1 aged 1-19-year old and in 100 serum samples from non-diabetic control children. Histological examination was performed in 19 children seropositive for anti-TG IgA (17 DMI and 2 controls). Additionally, PCR-based analysis of Major histocompatibility complex, class II, DO beta 1 (HLA-DQB1) genotyping was implemented in three study population groups as follows: group 1 (n=25) (+ve DM1 and +ve CD), group 2 (n=63) (-ye DM1 and +ve CD) and control group 3 (n=2) (+ve CD). Results Twenty-six Sudanese children with DM1 out of 373 (6.97%) were seropositive for anti-TG IgA. Duodenal biopsy revealed Marsh 2 and 3 in 13 out of 17 (76.47%) seropositive anti-TG IgA patients with DM1. Significant association (p Conclusions Anti-TG IgA titre of greater than 10 times upper limit of normal (>= 10x ULN) can be useful for detecting CD in children with type 1 diabetes without duodenal biopsy. HLA testing in children with DM1 appears to provide little added benefit given the high prevalence (96%) of HLA DQ2/DQ8 in children with DM1.Peer reviewe

Concatenation of Pre-Trained Convolutional Neural Networks for an Enhanced Corona Virus Screening Using Transfer Learning Technique

Coronavirus is the most prevalent coronavirus infection with respiratory symptoms such as fever; cough, dyspnea, pneumonia, and weariness being typical in the early stages. On the other hand, Coronavirus has a direct impact on the circulatory and respiratory systems as it causes a failure to some human organs or severe respiratory distress in extreme circumstances. Early diagnosis of Coronavirus is extremely important for the medical community to limit its spread. For large number of suspected cases, manual diagnostic methods based on the analysis of chest images are insufficient. Faced with this situation, artificial intelligence (AI) techniques have shown great potential in automatic diagnostic tasks. This paper aims at proposing a fast and precise medical diagnosis support system (MDSS) that can distinguish Coronavirus precisely in Chest-X-ray images. This MDSS uses a concatenation technique that aims to combine pre-trained convolutional neural networks (CNN) depend on the transfer learning (TL) technique to build a highly accurate model. The models enable storage and application of knowledge learned from a pre-trained CNN to a new task, viz., Coronavirus case detection. For this purpose, we employed the concatenation method to aggregate the performances of numerous pre-trained models to con-firm the reliability of the proposed method for identifying the patients with Coronavirus disease from X-ray images. The proposed system was trained on a dataset that included four classes: normal, viral-pneumonia, tuberculosis, and Coronavirus cases. Various general evaluation methods were used to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed model. The first proposed model achieved an accuracy rate of 99.80% while the second model reached an accuracy of 99.71%

Association Between Hemoglobin A1C and the Severity of Acute Ischemic Stroke in Sudanese Patients in Omdurman Military Hospital

Background: Hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c) levels are known to be linked to a higher risk of stroke. However, no research data is available on the impact of HbA1C on the severity of acute ischemic stroke in Sudan. Methods: This study is a descriptive, cross-sectional hospital-based study of 40 cases of acute ischemic stroke. Ischemic stroke was confirmed using computed tomography (CT) scan at admission; all subjects’ blood HbA1C levels were also measured. Participants were divided into two subgroups based on HbA1C at admission, good glycemic control (GGC) (<7 HbA1C) and poor glycemic control (PGC) (>7 HbA1C), and neurological impairment was assessed using the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS). Results: The age distribution of the participants was 45-85 years, with an average age of 63.5±9.2 years with the highest frequency (67.5%) in the age group of 55-75 years. PGC had a statistically significant high HbA1C value of 8.9±1.3 (P=0.000), when compared to GGC subgroups 5.1±0. The association between stroke severity and HbA1C levels on admission in this study was statistically significant (P value=0.005), on admission (78.6%) PGC had moderate to severe stroke (> 18.8 NIHSS) versus (33.3%) that of the GGC (>10.4NIHSS). The frequency of elevated HbA1C levels in patients with acute ischemic stroke was 70% in this study. Conclusion: PGC was shown to be linked to the occurrence of stroke and to its severity

Quantum Dot Scattering in Monolayer Molybdenum Disulfide

This chapter looks at how electrons propagate in a circular quantum dot (QD) of monolayer molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) that is exposed to an electric potential. Mathematical formulas for the eigenstates, scattering coefficients, scattering efficiency, and radial component of the reflected current and electron density are presented using the continuum model. As a function of physical characteristics such as incident electronic energy, potential barrier, and quantum dot radius, we discover two scattering regimes. We demonstrate the presence of scattering resonances for low-energy incoming electrons. We should also point out that the far-field dispersed current has unique favored scattering directions