Numerical assessment of the overall heat transfer and pressure drop performances of an aqueous ammonia base-nanofluids in rectangular microchannel heat sinks

In this paper, the thermal and hydrodynamic performances of an aqueous ammonia base-nanofluid (Al2O3-NH3(aqu)) cooled in a rectangular microchannel heat sink was numerically investigated. The range of Reynolds number used in the investigation were between 140-1400. In order to assess the performance of the system during the employment of the proposed nanofluid, H2O and Al2O3-H2O were also tested and their performances were compared to Al2O3-NH3(aqu) performance in terms of thermal resistance and pressure drop. Results from the simulation showed that the proposed nanofluid outperformed pure water and slightly higher than Al2O3-H2O in terms of thermal resistance (for Re = 1400, 0.0474, 0.0449 and 0.04647 oK/W for H2O, Al2O3-H2O and Al2O3-NH3(aqu), respectively). However, it exceeds the performance of both pure water and Al2O3-H2O in terms of pressure drop (for Re = 1400, 785288, 911217, 753591 Pa for H2O, Al2O3-H2O and Al2O3-NH3(aqu), respectively). The key findings from the current study may be used to attract more research about the proposed nanofluid to be used in the cooling process of microchannel heat sinks

Development a New Intelligent Mobile Robot to Avoid Obstacle

The project is a robot that automatically by passes barriers to reach a specific goal with an ultrasonic help that senses obstacles and measures the remaining transitions before the collision is meet. The robot changes its course with a couple of DC motors, Robot runs automatically without any interference by the Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) algorithm. The goal of this paper is to develop a path planning method that is capable of planning the mobile robot path from the starting position to the target position in different environments. However, the parameters of membership functions and PID controller parameters have optimized by using particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. In addition to that, the proposed method with two Schemes of motion controllers are test with varying static and dynamic environments with and without load. The artificial potential field algorithm is introduce for path planning of mobile robot. However, the potential field algorithm is effective in avoiding unknown obstacles, but it contains minimal local problems, then a modified field algorithm is introduce to overcome some of the local minimum problems in the environment. Therefore, it is enhancing the performance of potential field algorithm and to produce a more efficient path planning method, that to allow mobile robot to navigate in dynamic and complex environments. As well as, simulation of mobile robot is design to test and implement the proposed method and control schemes using MATLAB and the software is develops by using C++ language and Arduino IDE. DOI: 10.7176/CEIS/10-3-03 Publication date: April 30th 201

Design and implementation of remotely monitoring system for pH level in Baghdad drinking water networks

Many people in the recent days have suffering from number of diseases due to unsafe and impure drinking water, especially in rural areas. As typical laboratory experiments and official water quality tests take considerable amount of time to obtain results and due to non availability of a simple device that can measure such water quality parameters in real time, therefore in this paper a remote pH level monitoring system for Baghdad drinking water system is proposed. A PH level sensing and monitoring nodes are distributed at different location. These nodes are proactively measured pH level of water and send data to the maintenance center to give them overall picture about pH level via global position system (GSM). This proposed system gives a robust, low-cost and effective method for the drinking water maintenance center to measure and monitoring the water quality in real time environment

Antitumor and structure antioxidant activity relationship of Colchicine on Ehrlich ascites Carcinoma (EAC) in Female Mice

Colchicine has been reported to play important roles in hepatoprotection, anti-inflammation in vitro anti cancer activity. The present study was initiated to evaluate antioxidant and anti-cancer effects of colchicine (10µg/mice, i.p.) in mice after subcutaneous implantation of ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) for 21 days. On the 22th day, the mice were sacrificed for the estimation of tumor growth, and biochemical parameters (glucose, insulin, alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), lipid peroxides (TBARS), protein thiols (Pr-SHs), reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), HDL-C, LDL-C, 17β-estradiol and progesterone). The results of this study showed that administration of colchicine and 5-Flourouracil individually for 21 days to the carcinoma induced mice demonstrated a significant (P<0.01) decrease in tumor weight and a significant (P<0.01) improvement in biochemical parameters and life span  compared to the EAC control mice. In addition, the results clearly suggest that colchicine induced antioxidant activity on experimental EAC control mice

Face Recognition Using Fuzzy Moments Discriminant Analysis

In this work, an enhanced feature extraction method for holistic face recognition approach of gray intensity still image, namely Fuzzy Moment Discriminant Analysis is used. Which is first, based on Pseudo-Zernike Moments to extract dominant and significant features for each image of enrolled person, then the dimensionality of the moments features vectors is further reduced into discriminant moment features vectors using Linear Discriminant Analysis method, for these vectors the membership degrees in each class have been computed using Fuzzy K-Nearest Neighbor, after that, the membership degrees have been incorporated into the redefinition of the between-classes and within-classes scatter matrices to obtain final features vectors of  known persons. The test image is then compared with the faces enrollment images so that the face which has the minimum Euclidean distance with the test image is labeled with the identity of that image. Keyword: Zernike Moments, LDA, Fuzzy K-Nearest Neighbor

Study of effect of shear wall in the seismic response of the existing buildings

In Iraq, it has been observed that an increase in seismic activity, and that most existing buildings are not seismically designed and that can suffer serious damage or collapse, thus causing loss of life. In this paper, a numerical simulation of the experimental laboratory sample on the subject of non-seismically designed buildings and methods of strengthening them was performed using a seismic strengthening technique using an infill RC wall in order to maintain the risk of earthquakes. This study was carried out through the work of verifying the numerical and practical model by matching the results of laboratory work with the results of numerical analysis using the analysis finite element analysis method (FEAM) by Abaqus CAE 2019 software and then using the model to study the effect of openings in the infill RC walls and the extent of its impact on the response of the building. The practical model is a full four-story building tested laboratory in Elsa, Italy using pseudo dynamic test (PSD). The experimental model is a sample of not seismically design buildings (gravity design only) and ways to improve them by adding new RC walls with different contact details to the existing building. The goal of the experimental test was to study the effectiveness of adding RC infill walls with two types (North and South) infill RC walls, including designing it and the contribution of two types of dowels that connect the new infill walls to the existing RC building. In other words, it’s a way of strengthening by converting selected bays into RC walls with two types of reinforcement and connection between new infill RC walls and existing builders called (north and south) frames. The results of analytical modeling show that the percentage of differences in X- Direction of top story displacement between Abaqus software and Experimental tested at ELSA results are 2.47% in positive and 3.12% for negative X direction, which refer to a very good similarity and accurate building simulation

Performance of a dual helical ribbon impeller in a two-phase (gas-liquid) stirred tank reactor

The performance of a dual helical ribbon impeller in a gassed stirred tank reactor filled with a shear-thinning polymer has been investigated experimentally in this study. Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose with different concentrations were applied to change the viscosity and rheological behaviour of working fluid. Titration reaction between HCl and NaOH then took place inside the reactor under controlled pH, evaluating the influence of a dual helical ribbon impeller on the performance of a two-phase agitated reactor. The impact of impeller rotational speed, gas flow rate, viscosity, and clearance to the bottom on power uptake and mixing time are explored. The results thus reveal that the presence of bubbles reduces both required power uptake and mixing time to reach an endpoint reaction. Contrary to expectations, this study indicates that increasing the impeller\u27s speed beyond a certain level, not only fails to further reduction in mixing time, whilst the power uptake increases exponentially. Furthermore, for the first time, this study suggest that power number is inversely proportional to the square root of Reynolds number when systems are equipped with a dual helical ribbon impeller. The response surface method and quadratic numerical models are applied to suggest models in order to calculate the mixing time and power consumption

The use of variable coil pitch of helical tube on the hydro-thermal performance improvement

The use of helical tubes in heat transfer appliances is desirable due to their better heat transfer characteristics, but the higher pressure drop decreases the overall performance. The variation of pitch design of a helical tube is proposed to alleviate this situation so that the pitch number does not remain constant in the total tube length. A total of six variable pitch numbers with three different diameters are proposed and investigated on the thermal and fluid characteristics. To better understand the helical tube efficiency, PEC (performance evaluation criteria) is selected as a performance indicator in the present work and simulations are performed in a laminar regime (100 ≤ Re ≤ 1600) at a constant heat flux boundary condition using computational fluid dynamics. The numerical results show that variable radial pitch has higher effects on the overall performance than variable axial pitch, and it can intensify the helical tube performance by up to 10%. The results also indicate that increasing the tube diameter leads to heat transfer and friction factor increment while increasing the Reynolds number deteriorates the overall performance