نقش پزشکان و دانشمندان منطقه طبس در تاریخ پزشکی اسلام و ایران

Background and Aim: Tabas is one of townships of south Khorasan Province that despite of huge past in history, it has been lesser recognized in view of medical sciences' history since now. In this field, surveying on live and remained works of Tabas physicians can be switch to becoming familiar with their medical opinions. In this article whilst recognition of physicians and medical scientists from Tabas in historical ages, introduces this group of scientists belonging to Islamic and Iranian's culture and civilization who have put on valuable medical works as a heritage for their own future generations. Methods: The present survey has been accomplished by desk study and historical research with descriptive - analytic approach. To achieving the information about of the physicians in Tabas and their works, it has been referred to the historical writings' sources, listing references and scientific websites, too. Ethical Considerations: In this study, criteria concernd with moral principles as confidentiality, personal satisfaction and freedom of participants in cooperation or non- cooperation during the study process have been observed. Results: Region of Tabas has had a significant contribution in field of medical science in South Khorasan. Some of the physicians who were from Tabas are Mirza Yahya Tabib-e Tabassi, Mirza Abolhassan Tabib-e Tabassi, Mirza Asadolla-e Tabib, Gholamreza Amirshaibani and Hassan Majd. In section of writing works, they are included as translation of Quran verses' properties (Al-Dorr-on-Nazim fi Khavas-el- Qurna-el- Azim), Shafi-ol-Oja (translation of Taghvim-ol-Abdan)), compiling of Zobdat-ol-Alaj (Poetic medicine) and transcription of five medical manuscripts such as Alvaho-Sehha. It also was indicated that one hospital unit entitled to "Shaibani hospital" has been in the city of Tabas. Conclusion: Regarding the findings of the study, It was showed that Tabas region has had an important role in medical education and treatment and also transmission of medical heritage to succeeding generations wherever many physicians like as Mirza Yahya Tabib-e Tabassi, Mirza AbolhassnTabib-e Tabassi and etc. were recognized in the mentioned periods. Moreover, the posterity of Tabas has done the compiling of one manuscript, translation of two books from Arabic in Persian and transcription of five manuscripts in field of medical sciences. Shaibani Hospital in Tabas has been also active to provide medical healthcare services to the public before destroying by direful earthquake on Sep 1978. Please cite this article as: Taleb AM, Bagheri M. Role of Physician and Scientists of Tabas Region in Islamic and Iranian's Medical History. Tārīkh-i pizishkī, i.e., Medical History. 2022; 14(47): e26.زمینه و هدف: طبس یکی از شهرستان‌های استان خراسان جنوبی است که با وجود پیشینه سترگ تاریخی، تاکنون از منظر تاریخ علوم پزشکی کمتر شناخته شده است. از این نقطه نظر بررسی زندگانی و آثار برجای‌مانده از پزشکان طبسی می‌تواند راهگشای آشنایی با آرای پزشکی ایشان باشد. در این مقاله ضمن شناسایی پزشکان و دانشمندان طبسی در ادوار تاریخی، به معرفی این گروه از دانشمندان فرهنگ و تمدن اسلام و ایران که آثار مکتوب پزشکی و یا میراث ارزشمندی را برای نسل‌های پس از خود به یادگار نهاده‌اند، نیز پرداخته می‌شود. روش: پژوهش حاضر به روش کتابخانه‌ای و پژوهشی تاریخی (Historical Research) با رویکرد توصیفی ـ تحلیلی انجام گرفته است. برای اطلاع از احوال پزشکان طبسی و آثار آنان به منابع مکتوب تاریخی و نیز مآخذ فهرست‌نویسی و پایگاه‌های رایانه‌ای مراجعه گردیده است. ملاحظات اخلاقی: در این پژوهش موازین مرتبط با اصول اخلاقی همچون محرمانه‌بودن، رضایت شخص و آزادبودن شرکت‌کنندگان در همکاری یا عدم همکاری در روند پژوهش رعایت گردید. یافته‌ها: منطقه طبس در زمینه دانش پزشکی سهم قابل توجهی در منطقه جنوب خراسان داشته است، از جمله این پزشکان، میرزایحیی طبیب طبسی، میرزاابوالحسن طبیب طبسی، میرزااسدالله طبیب، غلامرضا امیرشیبانی و حسن مجد بوده‌اند. در بخش آثار مکتوب می‌توان از ترجمه کتاب خواص آیات قرآن یا ترجمه الدرالنظیم فی خواص القرآن العظیم، شافی الاوجاع (ترجمه تقویم الابدان) و تألیف کتاب زبده العلاج (طب منظوم) و استنساخ پنج نسخه خطی نام برد. همچنین مشخص گردید در شهر طبس بیمارستانی به نام بیمارستان شیبانی وجود داشته است. نتیجه‌گیری: با توجه به یافته‌های پژوهش مشخص شد که منطقه طبس نقش مهمی در آموزش و درمان پزشکی و نیز انتقال میراث پزشکی به نسل‌های پس از خود داشته، چنانچه چندین پزشک از جمله میرزایحیی طبیب طبسی و میرزاابوالحسن طبیب طبسی و... از این منظر شناسایی و معرفی شدند. همچنین فرزندان طبس یک نسخه خطی تألیف و دو نسخه خطی را از عربی به فارسی ترجمه و پنج نسخه خطی را در موضوع علوم پزشکی استنساخ کرده‌اند. همچنین «بیمارستان شیبانی» طبس تا پیش از ویرانی آن در زلزله مهیب شهریورماه سال 1357، به ارائه خدمات بهداشتی درمانی به مردم منطقه، مشغول به فعالیت بوده است

A Combined Hybrid Fuzzy Multiple Criteria Decision-making Approach to Evaluating of QM Critical Success Factors in SME's Hotels Firms

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to evaluate the importance of QM CSFs in Iranian SME's hotels firms. Primary criteria to evaluate QM CSFs are achieved by the literature survey. Through the FDM by industries and academia experts the importance CSFs were categorized in three main factors and 16 sub-factors. Two fuzzy MCDM methods are applied; fuzzy AHPand TOPSIS. The finding of this study indicated that human factors had the first rank from three perspectives and leadership as a sub-factor was the first rank from 16 sub-factors

Evaluation of oxidative stress induced by cadmium and comparative antioxidant effects of Shirazi thyme (Zataria multiflora Boiss) and vitamin E in common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Shirazi thyme is an active phytobiotc contains phenolic compounds and flavonoids which have strong antioxidant properties. This study was conducted to investigate the potential protective effects of Shirazi thyme compared to that of vitamin E against cadmium toxicity. Common carp juveniles (34±3 g) were divided into four groups and fed by three different diets including commercial diet without any additive (for control and metal only group) and supplemented with either 1% ground Shirazi thyme or 100 mg/kg vitamin E. All treatments except the control were exposed to sublethal concentration of waterborne cadmium (1.5 mg/L free ion) for 15 d and liver, kidney and gill were sampled 3, 7, 10 and 15 days after the metal exposure. Results showed that treatment of the fish with cadmium for 15 days resulted in a significant reduction in glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and catalase (CAT) and led to liver, kidney and gills dysfunction. On the other hand, the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) significantly increased during metal exposure. Supplementation of diets with Shirazi thyme and vitamin E led to a significant protection against metal exposure in different tissues. Moreover, Shirazi thyme was found to be as effective as vitamin E. The current finding can provide a useful reference for stress protective effects of thyme and its beneficial role in aquaculture

Relationship of Spirituality with Morbidity and Mortality in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease undergoing CABG Surgery at Shariati Hospital

For downloading the full-text of this article please click here.Background and Objective: Coronary artery disease is the leading cause of death in most countries. Although the relationship between spirituality and health has been confirmed in various studies, the relation in this specific case has not been investigated. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the relationship of spirituality with morbidity and mortality in patients with coronary artery disease who underwent CABG surgery.Method: This cross-sectional study was performed on patients with coronary artery disease who had undergone CABG at Dr. Shariati Hospital in Tehran over the time period from December 2012 to December 2013. The data collection tools were a data gathering checklist based on patients' records and respective physician's confirmation and the Spirituality questionnaire (Hall and Edwards, 1996). Data were analyzed using Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis, and Spearman correlation coefficient. All ethical issues were observed in this study and the authors of the article have not reported any conflicts of interest.Results: The findings of the relationship between the six subscales of spirituality with morbidity and mortality showed that with an increase in the median score of disappointment subscale, the incidence of infection, tamponade, PVC and AF increased and by increasing the median score of awareness subscale, the incidence rate decreased (P<0.05). There was a significant positive correlation between the hospital stay and disappointment subscale (P=0.003, r=0.291). Mortality also decreased in patients who were more knowledgeable (p<0.05).Conclusion: The results of the research indicate that spirituality correlates with the incidence of morbidity and mortality after CABG surgery. Therefore, effective solutions such as considering the spiritual issues in the patients' treatment process and training appropriate psychological techniques should be used to expedite their recovery.For downloading the full-text of this article please click here.Please cite this article as: Bagheri J, Shayan N, BagheriM.M, Heidari M.Relationship of Spirituality with Morbidity and Mortality in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease undergoing CABG Surgery at Shariati Hospital. J Res Relig Health. 2019; 5(1): 76- 86. doi:https://doi.org/10.22037/jrrh.v5i1.17956

Mn oxide as a kinetically dominant “true” catalyst for water oxidation

Nature uses an Mn cluster for water oxidation, and thus, water oxidation using Mn clusters is interesting when used in artificial water-splitting systems. An important question is whether an Mn cluster is a true catalyst for water oxidation or not. Herein, an Mn–K cluster was investigated for electrochemical water oxidation to find the true and the kinetically dominant catalyst using X-ray absorption spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and electrochemical methods. The experiments showed that conversion into nanosized Mn oxide occurred for the cluster, and the nanosized Mn oxides are the true catalyst for water oxidation

University entrepreneurship model based on public service motivation

Background: Entrepreneurship is vital in today's modern societies. The purpose of this study was to develop a university entrepreneurship model based on public service motivation. Methods: The statistical population of this study in qualitative phase was 27 experts. The opinions of 315 employees were used to measure the variables in the studied Azad Universities of District 6. The present study was a descriptive-correlational research conducted by a survey method. It was also a developmental-applied research in terms of aim. Data collection method was a combination of library and field studies.  Data collection tool was a questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software version 25 and AMOS version 25. To examine the research questions, statistical methods of one-sample t-test and structural equations were used. Results: Also, there is a direct relationship between university entrepreneurship and its components including organizational competencies, continuous interaction, university goals and policies, culture and entrepreneurial marketing and good character and temper of administrators. The results also showed that there is a direct relationship between good character and temper of administrators and its components, including courage, patience, honesty, humility, optimism, responsibility of administrators and public service motivation. Conclusion: Given the importance and positive impact of university entrepreneurship on regional development and the new nature of international competition of universities in the economic development of countries, the results of the present study can be used by administrators and planners

The mediating effect of supply chain integration on the relationship between information technology, trust and firm performance: a conceptual framework

Supply chain Management has played a significant role in corporate efficiency and has attracted the attention of numerous academicians over the last few years. As the concept of becomes more widely accepted, supply chain integration (SCI) is gaining more attention among both practitioners and academics. The paper aims at understanding how SCI and its antecedents, impacts firm performance. For the literature review of the related academic articles for the previous studies has been taken by international journals in Logistics, Supply Chain Management and Operations Management. The study looked at some variables such as trust and information technology (IT) that might impact the SCI and finally improve firm performance. Therefore, it is crucial for managers to apply their firms IT and trust as lower-order organizational capabilities to improve SCI as a higher-order organizational capability. To aid the study, Resourced-Based View (RBV) theory has been developed as the framework for the present research. The paper also proposes the framework for future research in empirical investigation in manufacturing. This study bridges the gap by developing a framework for measuring SCI, which enables any organization to identify critical success factors for integrating their SC, measures the degree of integration qualitatively and quantitatively and suggest improvement measures

Performance prediction based on employees' job engagement mediated by ethical leadership

Background: Education has a great impact on the social, economic and cultural progress of society. This study's goal was to develop a thorough model for performance prediction that was based on employee job engagement and was mediated by moral leadership. Methods: This study was applied and a descriptive-correlational. The statistical population was included 341 people from employees and managers of the education department in Kerman province. They were chosen at random by a stratified sample. Information was gathered using questionnaires created by the researcher, including a work performance questionnaire with 28 questions, a job engagement questionnaire with 34 questions, and a questionnaire on ethical leadership with 46 questions. Assessing the validity of the components by the Delphi method by surveying 30 experts and the results of fit of the components obtained with AMOS software were determined. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the variables was more than 0.7, suggesting that the items were internally coordinated and that the reliability was confirmed. Results: With the increase of behavioral involvement such as commitment to time, intensity and seriousness of work, cognitive involvement such as concentration, work attraction and emotional involvement such as enthusiasm and mental flexibility, along with the rise in ethical leadership, the degree of ethical leadership in education grew, the level of performance, the employment of employees increased. Conclusion: The importance of mediating role of ethical leadership in education department employees in predicting performance based on job engagement can be used by managers in the area of learning and education in the country

Electrochemical alcohols oxidation mediated by N-hydroxyphthalimide on nickel foam surface

Alcohol to aldehyde conversion is a critical reaction in the industry. Herein, a new electrochemical method is introduced that converts 1 mmol of alcohols to aldehydes and ketones in the presence of N-hydroxyphthalimide (NHPI, 20 mol%) as a mediator; this conversion is achieved after 8.5 h at room temperature using a piece of Ni foam (1.0 cm2) and without adding an extra-base or a need for high temperature. Using this method, 10 mmol (1.08 g) of benzyl alcohol was also successfully oxidized to benzaldehyde (91%) without any by-products. This method was also used to oxidize other alcohols with high yield and selectivity. In the absence of a mediator, the surface of the nickel foam provided oxidation products at the lower yield. After the reaction was complete, nickel foam (anode) was characterized by a combination of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and spectroelectrochemistry, which pointed to the formation of nickel oxide on the surface of the electrode. On the other hand, using other electrodes such as Pt, Cu, Fe, and graphite resulted in a low yield for the alcohol to aldehyde conversion