Styles of Learning According to Felder & Soloman Model and its Relation with Synthetic Thinking of Graduate Students in the Departments of Chemistry

This research aims to identify: 1-favorite learning Styles of the study group according to Felder & Soloman Model; 2- investigate, according to Felder & Soloman Model, if there are any statistically significant differences of favorite learning style due to gender variable; 3- find out the synthetic thinking of the participants; 4-to find out if there are any statistically significant differences among participants in terms of their synthetic thinking according to gender variable; 5- investigate if there are any statistically significant differences in terms of learning styles of synthetic thinking and in Felder & Soloman model according to gender variable; 6-investigate the differences in relation to learning styles in synthetic thinking and in Felder & Soloman model according to (gender and college) variables. The participants were selected purposefully and they were composed of 275 MA students (86 males from colleges of education and sciences and 189 females from colleges of education and sciences) in the colleges of education and department of chemistry in all colleges of sciences. The researchers have made a measure for styles of learning according to Felder & Soloman model consisted of 36 items distributed on five dipole styles and test of synthetic thinking consists of 12 essay questions distributed in 6 skills. The psychometric characteristics were affirmed by face validity and validity by internal consistency. The SPSS program was used The results have revealed that 1-The research sample subjects used (serial, optical, sensual, meditation, active, intuitional, spelling, and finally total style).as the styles (optical, sensual, serial) comes at first degree and the other (intuitional, spelling and title) were not indication and came in hypothetical. 2-Not all the styles are influenced by gender and college variables and interaction between college variables for chemistry departments. 3-Weak synthetic thinking in MA students in colleges of education and colleges of science for chemistry departments. 4-Synthetical thinking is influenced by gender variables in favor of males because their average 5,1628 is bigger than females average 3.1746. Also synthetic thinking is not influenced by college variables and the interaction between gender and college. 5-There is positive extreme indication relation between styles of learning according to Felder & Soloman model on synthetic thinking in institutional and (optical) indicated for males’ favor, (meditation) for education, serial in favor of sciences

Influence of resin cement shade on the color and translucency of zirconia crowns

Zirconia crowns are highly attractive for clinicians, although have poor translucency when used as single restorations, in addition to unknown effect of resin cement shade on final cemented crown shade. This study aimed to assess effect of resin cement opacity on color replication potential of different zirconia frameworks with target tooth color, in addition to different zirconia crowns translucency evaluation. Twenty-four zirconia crown restorations were fabricated to restore single central maxillary incisor for 8 patients, divided into 3 groups according to color and type of zirconia used (white Zr core, colored Zr core and monolithic HT Zrcowns). Each group was further subdivided into 2 subgroups according to resin cement shade. Using Easyshade spectrophotometer, Delta E color difference was calculated between each crown parameters using 2 different resin luting cement shades and adjacent target tooth. Translucency parameters (TP) were tested for finished crowns. ?Es obtained were assessed based on ?Eof 1.6 which represented color difference that could not be detected by human eye and considered clinically acceptable. No statistically significant values were found between subgroups related to different resin cement shade. Translucency parameters showed statistically significant different values. Monolithic crowns showed highest translucency parameters followed by Zr crowns on white cores then Zr crowns on colored cores. Resin cement shade didn?t affect final color perception. Monolithic high translucency crowns usage gained advantages of high translucency and delamination prevention. Zirconia crowns could be cemented by opaque or transparent cement without affecting final color

Influence of core color on final shade reproduction of zirconia crown in single central incisor situation ? An in vivo study

A lot of shaded zirconia blocks are being introduced into the market. Their effect on the final shade of the restoration is yet uncertain. Twenty-four zirconia crowns were fabricated for 8 patients who needed to restore a single maxillary central incisor, and divided into 3 groups according to the color and type of the zirconia (Zr) used (white Zr core, colored Zr core, and monolithic high translucency (ht) Zr crowns). Using Easyshade spectrophotometer, delta E color difference was calculated between fabricated crown and adjacent tooth. The ?Es obtained were assessed based on 1.6 ?E which represented the color difference that could not be detected by the human eye and considered clinically acceptable. No statistically significant values were found between the 3 groups related to different Zr color and type. Within the limitations of this study, it could be concluded that the shade of the zirconia blank had no significant effect on the final color of the crown. This raises reasonable doubt about the necessity to use colored zirconia blanks or use of dip-in solutions. The clinical implications were that, there was no need to use colored zirconia cores to get more esthetically pleasing restorations with respect to color perception. The use of monolithic high translucent zirconia crowns gained the advantages of high translucency and color reproduction

HIV-1 TAR miRNA protects against apoptosis by altering cellular gene expression

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>RNA interference is a gene regulatory mechanism that employs small RNA molecules such as microRNA. Previous work has shown that HIV-1 produces TAR viral microRNA. Here we describe the effects of the HIV-1 TAR derived microRNA on cellular gene expression.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Using a variation of standard techniques we have cloned and sequenced both the 5' and 3' arms of the TAR miRNA. We show that expression of the TAR microRNA protects infected cells from apoptosis and acts by down-regulating cellular genes involved in apoptosis. Specifically, the microRNA down-regulates ERCC1 and IER3, protecting the cell from apoptosis. Comparison to our cloned sequence reveals possible target sites for the TAR miRNA as well.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The TAR microRNA is expressed in all stages of the viral life cycle, can be detected in latently infected cells, and represents a mechanism wherein the virus extends the life of the infected cell for the purpose of increasing viral replication.</p

Effects of hospital facilities on patient outcomes after cancer surgery: an international, prospective, observational study

Background Early death after cancer surgery is higher in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) compared with in high-income countries, yet the impact of facility characteristics on early postoperative outcomes is unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the association between hospital infrastructure, resource availability, and processes on early outcomes after cancer surgery worldwide.Methods A multimethods analysis was performed as part of the GlobalSurg 3 study-a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study of patients who had surgery for breast, colorectal, or gastric cancer. The primary outcomes were 30-day mortality and 30-day major complication rates. Potentially beneficial hospital facilities were identified by variable selection to select those associated with 30-day mortality. Adjusted outcomes were determined using generalised estimating equations to account for patient characteristics and country-income group, with population stratification by hospital.Findings Between April 1, 2018, and April 23, 2019, facility-level data were collected for 9685 patients across 238 hospitals in 66 countries (91 hospitals in 20 high-income countries; 57 hospitals in 19 upper-middle-income countries; and 90 hospitals in 27 low-income to lower-middle-income countries). The availability of five hospital facilities was inversely associated with mortality: ultrasound, CT scanner, critical care unit, opioid analgesia, and oncologist. After adjustment for case-mix and country income group, hospitals with three or fewer of these facilities (62 hospitals, 1294 patients) had higher mortality compared with those with four or five (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 3.85 [95% CI 2.58-5.75]; p&lt;0.0001), with excess mortality predominantly explained by a limited capacity to rescue following the development of major complications (63.0% vs 82.7%; OR 0.35 [0.23-0.53]; p&lt;0.0001). Across LMICs, improvements in hospital facilities would prevent one to three deaths for every 100 patients undergoing surgery for cancer.Interpretation Hospitals with higher levels of infrastructure and resources have better outcomes after cancer surgery, independent of country income. Without urgent strengthening of hospital infrastructure and resources, the reductions in cancer-associated mortality associated with improved access will not be realised

New Subclasses of Bi-Univalent Functions Associated with Exponential Functions and Fibonacci Numbers

Lewin discussed the class  of bi-univalent functions and obtained the bound for the second coefficient, Sakar and Wanas defined two new subclasses of bi-univalent functions and obtained upper bounds for the elementary coefficients |a2| and |a3| for functions in these subclasses, Dziok et al. introduced the class  of -convex shell-like functions, and they indicated a useful connection between the function   and Fibonacci numbers. Recently, many bi-univalent function classes, based on well-known operators like Sãlãgean operator, Tremblay operator, Komatu integral operator, Convolution operator, Al-Oboudi Differential operator and other, have been defined. The aims of this paper is to introduce  two new subclasses of bi-univalent functions using the subordination and the Komatu integral operator which are involved the exponential functions and shell-like curves with Fibonacci numbers, also find an estimate of the initial coefficients for these subclasses. The first subclass was defined using the subordination of the shell-like curve functions related to Fibonacci numbers and the second subclass was defined using the subordination of the exponential function. The Komatu integral operator was used in each of these subclasses. Limits were obtained for the elementary coefficients, specifically the second and third coefficients for these subclasses

The impact of adopting good agricultural practices on increasing profitability of value-added crops in the Jordan Valley

Good agricultural practices (GAP) are one of the distinctive agricultural methods that ensure food safety and provide the necessary protection for the environment and agriculture workers. This study aimed to contribute in building the knowledge framework of the relationship between farmers’ application of good practices and their impact on the profitability of value-added crops. It also tried to identify the degree of farmers' application of all areas of good agriculture practices, including: (adoption good agricultural practices, efficiency of GAP, farmers' awareness of GAP, the role of agricultural extension in adopting GAP and knowing the cost of input prices.) Additionally, this study aimed to identify the application’s impact of GAP on increasing the profitability of value-added crops in the Jordan Valley, including: (cluster tomatoes, colored peppers) in terms of the socio-economic characteristics of farmers applying the system of GAP and the efficiency of the implementation of the Global GAP system. Furthermore, to recognize the role of agricultural extension in raising farmers 'awareness of adopting the system of GAP methodology and the extent of farmers' awareness of the efficiency of applying the system of GAP and the knowledge of production inputs. The descriptive relational approach was adopted due to its relevance to the purposes of this study. The study population consisted of all farmers (283) of the Jordan Valley area in 2018/2019, who are greenhouse farmers applying the Global GAP system and who do not have the ratified certificate for value added crops, such as: (cluster tomatoes, cherry tomatoes, colored peppers) The study sample numbered (56) farmers, and was selected by regular random sampling. To collect the data, the researcher used a questionnaire tool that has a high degree of reliability and consistency. Relative iterations, arithmetic averages, central tendencies, Pearson Correlation tests, and one way analysis of variance were all use