Curcumin Nanocrystals: Production, Physicochemical Assessment, and In Vitro Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Effects against Bacterial Loading of the Implant Fixture

Background: This study aimed to prepare and study physicochemical properties as well as the antibacterial action of curcumin nanocrystals inside the implant fixture against Escherichia coli (E. coli), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), and Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis). Methods: Curcumin nanocrystals were prepared via precipitation combined with the spray drying method. The produced curcumin nanocrystals were characterized by dynamic light scattering (DLS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Moreover, the in vitro antimicrobial effect of curcumin nanocrystals inside the implant fixture was assessed against E. coli, S. aureus, and E. faecalis. All implant-abutment assemblies were immersed in bacterial suspensions and were incubated at 24, 48, and 72 h. The contents of each implant were cultured to count the colony of bacteria at 37 ◦C for 24 h. Results: The prepared curcumin nanocrystals with a mean particle size of 95 nm and spherical morphology exhibited a removal rate of 99.99% for all bacteria. In addition, the colony-forming unit (CFU) of bacteria in exposure to nanocrystals significantly was reduced (p < 0.010) by increasing the time. Conclusions: Curcumin nanocrystals can be used inside the implant fixture as an antimicrobial agent in order to more stabilization of the implant

The Comparison of Job Stress among Dental Professionals of Dentistry Faculty Members of Tabriz University

Several studies have so far focused on occupational stress among dentists and the results have shown that many factorscan cause stress. However, the level of stress among experts in the fields of dentistry has not yet been studied in Iran.The aim of this study is to examine the causes and levels of job stress among dental professionals in Tabriz University ofMedical Sciences. This cross-sectional study included all dental professionals of Dentistry Faculty; an overall of 55 subjectsin Tabriz were studied in this research and their level of stress was evaluated using “The Health and Safety ExecutiveManagement Standards Indicator Tool” (HSE stress questionnaire) from September up to October 2014. The level of stressin each dental specialty was examined descriptively (mean, standard deviation). Statistical analysis was performed usingSPSS 20. The findings of the study showed that the highest stress among dental professionals from different fields wasobserved in the field of oral and maxillofacial radiology; fields of oral medicine, endodontics, oral and maxillofacial surgeryand pediatric dentistry ranked later. The lowest stress was seen among orthodontics specialists. Based on the results of thepresent study, the rate of job stress varied significantly among dental professionals

Localized osteomyelitis of the mandible secondary to dental treatment: report of a case

Osteomyelitis of the jaws following dental treatment is a rare condition which usually occurs in immuno-compromised patients both locally and generally. A case is presented with the alveolar bone necrosis resulting from leakage of an arsenical devitalizing paste into the periodontium. The treatment procedures and the outcomes are discussed in this article

Infratemporal Space Infection Following Maxillary Third Molar Extraction in an Uncontrolled Diabetic Patient

Infratemporal space infection is a rare but serious sequel of odontogenic infection. The diagnosis is difficult due to non specific signs and symptoms. Diabetes mellitus as a definitive risk factor for odontogenic infections needs more consideration during clinical procedures. We report a case of an undiagnosed diabetic patient with isolated infratemporal space infection after tooth extraction with presentation of similar signs and symptoms of temporomandibular joint and muscle problem

Effect of Pharyngeal Pack on Postoperative Nausea and Throat Pain in Patients Undergoing Rhinoplasty

Objective:To evaluate the effect of pharyngeal pack on postoperative throat pain and nausea in rhinoplasty patients. Material and Methods:Twenty-eight patients were randomly selected and divided into two groups (n=14). The participants were randomly divided into two groups: G1 - the pharyngeal pack was used (Intervention group) and G2: not used (Control group). Both groups were anesthetized by the same protocol. Throat pain was measured by visual analog scale and nausea by presence / absence. Fischer’s exact test, ANOVA, Friedman and Wilcoxon test were used. Results:There was no significant difference in mean pain and presence or absence of nausea between the two groups (p>0.05). But there was a significant difference in mean pain and the presence or absence of postoperative nausea with the intervals (p0.05). The presence or absence of postoperative nausea had a significant difference between 2 hours postoperatively with 24 and 72 hours postoperatively and 6 hours postoperatively with 24 and 72 hours postoperatively (p0.05). Conclusion:None of the two groups were significantly superior in terms of reduction of pain and nausea, but because of the possible effectiveness of the pharyngeal pack in preventing aspiration of objects and tissues during the operation, the use of pharyngeal pack is recommended in patients

A Large Glomus Tumor of the Face: A Case Report

Glomus tumors are neoplasms arising from the glomus bodies, neuromyoarterial units found within the reticular dermis functioning as a specialized arteriovenous anastomosis. These rare tumors are benign and located anywhere in the body, and their cells closely resemble those of a normal glomus body. In this article, we report occurrence and administered treatment for a large glomangioma in the malar region of an 8-year-old male.Keywords: Glomus tumor, glomus body, fac

Antibacterial Effects of Curcumin Nanocrystals against <i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i> Isolated from Patients with Implant Failure

Background. Despite their benefits, dental implants may sometimes fail for a diversity of causes; the most common reasons of failure are infection and bone loss. Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) bacteria show a major role in peri-implantitis infection and dental implant failure. Methods. In this study, the prevalence of P. gingivalis isolated from the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of fifteen Iranian patients with implant failure (more than 1/3 of the implant length), who had average oral and dental hygiene and no antibiotic use for at least one month, was determined. Moreover, the antimicrobial effects of curcumin nanocrystals against isolated P. gingivalis were investigated. The collected samples from patients were transferred to a microbiology laboratory to culture. The presence of P. gingivalis in the culture media was confirmed using a trypsin reagent test. An isolate from a patient with the highest colony count was selected to evaluate the antibacterial effects of curcumin nanoparticles. The inhibition zone diameter, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined. Results. Out of fifteen patients, eight (53.33%) were positive for the presence of P. gingivalis. The results of the microbial tests showed that curcumin nanoparticles had an MIC of 6.25 µg/mL and an MBC of 12.5 µg/mL. Conclusions. The use of curcumin nanoparticles may control the bacterial infection around the implant

Lack of association between rs1800795 (-174 G/C) polymorphism in the promoter region of interleukin-6 gene and susceptibility to type 2 diabetes in Isfahan population

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is an inflammatory autoimmune disease that mostly affects older adults. The etiology of T2DM includes both genetic and environmental factors. rs1800795 (−174 G/C) single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) linked with autoimmune disorders predispositions, identified by Genome-Wide Association Study among genes, which immunologically related is considerably over signified. The goal of this study was to evaluate the association between rs1800795 (−174 G/C) polymorphisms in the promoter of interleukin-6 (IL-6) gene with susceptibility to T2DM in a subset of the Iranian population. Materials and Methods: In this case–control study, 120 healthy subjects and 120 patients with T2DM were included. Genomic DNA obtained from whole blood samples and the polymerase chain reaction was used to amplify the fragment of interest contain rs1800795 SNP, restriction fragment length polymorphism method was applied for genotyping of the DNA samples with NlaIII as a restriction enzyme. SPSS for Windows software (version 18.0, SPSS, Chicago, IL, USA) was performed for statistical analysis. Results: No significant differences were found between healthy controls and T2DM patients with respect to the frequency distribution of the cytokine gene polymorphism investigated. Odds ratio, adjusted for sex, age, and smoking status has displayed similar outcomes. Conclusion: These results indicated that the rs1800795 SNP is not a susceptibility gene variant for the development of T2DM in the Isfahan population. Further studies using new data on complex transcriptional interactions between IL-6 polymorphic sites are necessary to determine IL-6 haplotype influence on susceptibility to T2DM