Gastrointestinal bleeding following NSAID ingestion in children

Gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding could result from various conditions in a child, and could be life threatening. Severe GI bleeds are, however, rare and their incidence is relatively unknown. Here, we report on two children who presented with GI bleeding following ingestion of NSAID. Two female children presented to our unit with GI bleeding. One was 6 years old and the other was 2 years old. Both presented with a history of fever and passage of bloody stools. There was a positive history of NSAID ingestion in both patients that was prescribed in the referring hospitals. The older child had a packed cell volume of 19% on presentation, and digital rectal examination indicated melaena. There was no history of vomiting. She received one unit of blood transfusion and was managed nonoperatively with antacids. Her recovery was uneventful. The younger patient presented with an abdominal distension and peritonitis, packed cell volume was 17% on presentation, and was malnourished. Exploratory laparatomy showed two kissing perforations, one measuring about 2 cm in the second part of the duodenum and the other measuring 1 cm in the gallbladder. There were no demonstrable gallstones. She underwent a cholecystectomy and closure of the duodenal perforation. The patient, however, developed a superficial surgical site infection that responded to local wound care. Recovery was otherwise uneventful. A thorough assessment of drug history should be performed to rule out NSAID ingestion in a child with a GI bleed. Keywords: enteropathy, gastrointestinal-bleeding, NSAI

Ormond's disease – case report

Retroperitonel fibrosis is a rare disease that occasionally faces the general surgeon as a case of retroperitoneal tumour. Ureteric stenting may succeed in relieving urinary obstruction, however, these stents are only for temporal use. For this reason and to exclude presence of retroperitoneal tumours, surgical ureterolysis remains the corner stone for saving the kidneys from the ultimate fate of renal failure. Steroids are of help when added to the surgical therapy. Recently tamoxifen was reported to be the treatment of choice in primary retroperitoneal fibrosis. Here, we describe the management of 2 cases of idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis one in a police officer with diabetes mellitus and the other in a housewife. Keywords: bilateral hydronephrosis, retroperitoneal fibrosis, surgical ureterolysis, bilateral hydronephrosis, tamoxifen Sudan Journal of Medical Sciences Vol. 1(1) 2006: 67-7

Multiple familial trichoepithelioma: A case report and review of literature

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Isolasi dan Identifikasi Senyawa Metabolit Sekunder Ekstrak n-Heksana Daun Kayu Jawa (Lannea coromandelica Houtt Merr.)

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksplorasi yang bertujuan untuk mengisolasi senyawa metabolit sekunder dalam ekstrak n-heksana Daun Lannea coromandelica Houtt Merr. yang berasal dari kecamatan Cina, kabupaten Bone, Sulawesi Selatan. Isolasi dilakukan dengan beberapa tahap yaitu maserasi, partisi dengan n-heksana, fraksinasi, pemurnian dan identifikasi. Hasil penelitian diperoleh isolat murni berupa kristal jarum berwarna putih dengan titik leleh 140,20C. Hasil uji dengan pereaksi Meyer menghasilkan endapan putih dan Wagner menghasilkan endapan coklat menunjukkan positif alkaloid. Identifikasi dengan spektroskopi infra merah memberikan serapan pada bilangan gelombang (cm-1) : 3502,73 ; 2954,99 ; 2868,15 ; 1687,71; 1463,97; 1382,96; 1330,88; dan 1037,70 yang menunjukkan adanya gugus fungsi -N-H, -C-H alifatik (CH2 dan CH3), -C=O, -C=C, dan -C-N. Kata kunci : Daun L.coromandelica Houtt Merr., Isolasi, Alkaloid. ABSTRACT This study is exploratory research that aims to isolate the secondary metabolite compound contained in n-hexane extract of Lannea coromandelica Houtt Merr. leaves from Cina district, Bone Regency, South Sulawesi. The isolation was done through several stages, maceration, partitioning with n-hexane, fractionation, purification and identification. The results was obtained in pure needle crystal shape with a melting point 140,2°C. The test result with the Meyer reagent showed the formation of a white precipitated and the Wagner test showed the formation of a brown precipitated, there for it can be categorized as positive alkaloid. Identification with an infrared spectroscopy giving absorbance at the wave number (cm-1): 3502,73 ; 2954,99 ; 2868,15 ; 1687,71; 1463,97; 1382,96; 1330,88; and 1037,70 refers of function groups -N-H, -C-H aliphatic (CH2 and CH3), -C=O, -C=C, and -C-N. Keywords : L.coromandelica Houtt Merr., Leaves, Isolation, Alkaloid

Study of oral and gingival microbial flora in institutionalized mentally retarded patients of Sari-2011

Introduction and Objectives: Mental retardation (MR) is a generalized disorder appearing before adulthood, characterized by significantly impaired cognitive function and deficits in two or more adaptive behaviors. The prevalence and severity of dental caries‚gingivitis and periodontitis is high in patients with mental retardation. This shift to a diseased state may lead to the experience of a high mortality from septicemia‚ sepsis‚ pneumonia and endocarditis.Our purpose was to study oral and gingival microbial flora in institutionalized mentally retarded patients of Sari and to estimate D% (percentage with untreated decayed teeth) and DMFT% (percentage of population affected with dental caries)Materials and Methods: This study was a descriptive cross-sectional type in which Plaque samples were collected from the mouth and gingiva of 138 institutionalized mentally retarded patients of Sari to culture in specific media to identify the microorganisms. In this study anaerobic bacteria were not isolated because the instrument was not available in the laboratory. The information has been analyzed by X2 T-test methods by SPSS 17 software.Results: The isolated microorganisms were: pnuemococci S(37.7%); Streptococci sp(18.8%); E.coli (16.7%); Staphylococcus(1.4%); Neisseria sp(45/6%); Salmonella(8.7%); Proteus(3.6%); Diphteroid (4.2%); Pseudomonas(0.7%). The percentage of resistant strains was found to be highest with penicillin(67.9%) and lowest with vancomycin(11%).Conclusion: D% between all the patients were (66.66%) . Bacterial flora in mentally retarded patients were significanty higher in frequency than in normal persons. With improvement in oral health care, we can decreasethese undesirable changes.Key words: Oral and gingival microbial flora, Mental retardation, D%, Sar

Pemanfaatan Sumberdaya Desa Dan Optimalisasi Penggunaan Media Sosial Instagram

Secara geogrfis, Desa prijekngablak terletak diwilayah kecamatan karanggeneng Kabupaten Lamongan. Disebelah utara berbatasan dengan Desa karangrejo, disebelah timur berbatasan dengan Desa njuwet, disebelah selatan berbatasan dengan desa karangrejo. Secara umum mata pencaharian warga desa prijekngablak adalah sebagai petani baik tambak maupun petani padi. Terletak berhadapan dengan sungai Bengawan solo. Desa prijekngablak memiliki jajanan khas yaitu kerupuk ladu dan Recek (Rengginang). Namun masyarakat masih kurang pemahaman akan produksi dan pemasaran yang baik dan dapat menarik minta konsumen. Sehingga masyarakat di wilayah lain kurang mengetahui informasi tentang jajanan khas Desa Prijekngablak. Jika hal tersebut tidak dikelola dengan baik maka akan berakibat bagi perkembangan bisnis ladu dan rengginang. Hasil dari program kerja yang diadakan oleh program studi Manajemen kelompok 09 dengan membantu masyarakat dalam hal Produksi, packaging, dan Marketing agar dapat membantu masyarakat dalam keberlangsungan bisnisnya. Dalam hal produksi, Recek (Rengginang) akan dimodifikasi menjadi rengginang mini yang diberi rasa-rasa di atasnya. Lalu untuk packaging, akan diberi kemasan yang lebih menarik yaitu K-Pack dan diberi stiker. Sedangkan untuk pemasaran, rengginang akan di jual melalui media sosial agar masyarakat luas

Perbandingan Performa Ban Airless Dengan Ban Pneumatik Pada Skuter Elektrik

Kendaraan listrik di Indonesia kini semakin banyak digunakan oleh masyarakat. Meningkatnya harga bahan bakar minyak dan kebijakan pemerintah yang menggiurkan akan membuat masyarakat perlahan beralih dari kendaraan konvensional ke kendaraan listrik. Dalam menggunakan kendaraan listrik, khususnya roda dua, terdapat berbagai sistem operasional. Masalah pada ban udara, seperti tekanan udara yang tidak memadai atau kebocoran, bisa sangat berbahaya. Untuk menghindari permasalahan tersebut, solusi terbaiknya adalah dengan memanfaatkan Ban Airless. Ban ini memiliki beberapa keunggulan, termasuk tidak pernah kempes dan tidak memerlukan tekanan udara. Namun, Ban Airless memiliki massa yang lebih besar dibandingkan Ban Pneumatik sehingga memerlukan energi yang lebih besar dalam penggunaannya. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan performa antara model Ban Airless dan Ban Pneumatik pada kendaraan listrik hub motor roda dua. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa kinerja Ban Airless sedikit lebih buruk dibandingkan Ban Pneumatik bertekanan optimal, namun masih lebih baik dibandingkan Ban Pneumatik dengan setengah dari tekanan optimal

KELAYAKAN USAHA PERIKANAN KAKAP MERAH (Lutjanus sp.): STUDI KASUS DI DESA KANDANGSEMANGKON, LAMONGAN

Desa Kandangsemangkon merupakan salah satu tempat pendaratan ikan kakap merah di Kabupaten Lamongan, Jawa Timur. Fasilitas yang ada di wilayah tersebut masih sangat minim dan terbatas sehingga perlu untuk dikembangkan. Namun, sumber dana yang dimiliki masih sangat terbatas sehingga membutuhkan investor untuk mendukung pembangunan fasilitas. Pemilik dana (investor) memerlukan studi kelayakan usaha sebagai bahan pertimbangan untuk mengoptimalkan investasinya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan kondisi terkini dan menganalisis kelayakan usaha perikanan kakap merah yang berbasis di Desa Kandangsemangkon. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah observasi dan wawancara. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode purposive sampling dengan kriteria responden yaitu pemilik kapal pancing ulur di Desa Kandangsemangkon yang menangkap ikan kakap merah. Analisis deskriptif digunakan untuk mendeskripsikan kondisi perikanan kakap merah. Kelayakan usaha dihitung menggunakan kriteria-kriteria penilaian investasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa usaha perikanan kakap merah dengan menggunakan pancing ulur di Desa Kandangsemangkon menggunakan kapal berukuran 10-20 GT, lama trip berkisar 10-12 hari per trip, dengan hasil tangkapan sekitar 786,2 kg per trip. Analisis kelayakan finansial diperoleh nilai NPV sebesar Rp842.664.286, nilai net B/C sebesar 4,04, IRR sebesar 76%, dan nilai PP sebesar 2,75. Usaha perikanan kakap merah yang berbasis di Desa Kandangsemangkon layak untuk diusahakan. Kata kunci: investasi, kakap merah, Kandangsemangkong, kelayakan usaha, Lamongan, pancing ulu

Antibiotic susceptibility of Staphylococcus epidermidis among undergraduate students in Malaysia Public University Health Campus

Staphylococcus epidermidis (S. epidermidis) has become one of the major concerns in the hospital setting due to its ability to cause hospital-acquired infection particularly from medical device contamination. The management of S. epidermidis infections become more challenging with the increase of antimicrobial resistance cases over the past years. Limited reports on S. epidermidis antibiotic resistance among healthy people leave uncertainty about the magnitude of antimicrobial resistance spreads among the community. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of S. epidermidis isolated from healthy undergraduate students in one of Malaysia public universities-health campuses. Ninety-six hand palm swab samples were collected and undergo several tests, including microscopic, biochemical identification tests and antibiotic susceptibility test for erythromycin, oxacillin, gentamicin, penicillin and tetracycline following Kirby-Bauer test. A total of 43 samples showed the presence of S. epidermidis (44.8%), where 72.1% of the isolates showed resistance towards at least one type of antibiotic. The highest and lowest resistance was observed for penicillin and gentamycin, respectively. Although there is no significant difference of antibiotic susceptibility pattern was observed between genders, the presence of high antibiotic resistance in S. epidermidis among these healthy communities should warrant further investigation since the spreading of the resistant strain could occur in the wider community population without notice

Pentalogy of Cantrell - A Case Report from Nigeria

FB was delivered at home to a para three low income mother, at term after an unsupervised pregnancy. At birth she was noticed to have an anterior chest wall defect with a protruding pulsating mass. Further examination revealed a defect from the suprasternal notch to the xiphoid process (bifid sternum) with the heart exposed and pulsating (ectopia cordis). The pericardium was absent and the great vessels were exposed. There was an epigastric omphalocoele and a ventral diaphragmatic defect. The diagnosis of Pentallogy of Cantrell was made. The challenges involved in the evaluation and management of this case in a Nigerian setting are discussed. Keywords: Pentallogy, Cantrell, Nigeri