Nanoplankton distribution and abundance in the South China Sea, Area III: Waters of Western

A collaborative cruise in the South China Sea in the waters of the South China Sea off the Western Philippines was conducted in the post-monsoon (April and May, 1998) periods on board MV SEAFDEC. The nanoplankton (including the smaller microplanktonic species) from 31 sampling stations consisted of more than 200 taxa comprising predominantly of nanodiatom (>150 species), Prymnesiophyta (>48 species), Dinoflagellata (>30 species) and Prasinophyta (>18 species). Among the minute plankton collected, three species of nanodiatom (Minidiscus comicus, M. chilensis, M. trioculatus) and numerous Prymnesiophyta species were present. The dominant pennate diatom comprised of Synedra parasitica, Fragilaria brevistriate, Diploneis crabro and Neodenticula sp., all of which were 5 L-1 - 5 x 105 L-1) especially in the nearshore waters. The total nanoplankton population (ranging from 3.1 x 105 to 2.47 x 105 L-1) was dense in nearshore regions (especially around Subic and Manila bays) and tend to spread out in concentric semicircle into the open sea. The presence of the dinoflagellate species of Protoperidinium and Alexandrium were detected in considerable amounts at nearshore and midshore Philippines waters of the South China Sea. Blooms of Pyrodinim bahamense and Protoperidinium sp. (to a limited extend) occurred during the study period

MODEL MENTAL MAHSISWA DALAM MEMAHAMI PEMBIASAN CAHAYA DAN KAITANNYA DENGAN KEMAMPUAN MEMPREDIKSI

Model mental adalah suatu representasi pengetahuan tentang obyek atau sistem. Representasi ini terbentuk melalui pengajaran dan pengalaman. Model mental akan menunjukkan kemampuan seseorang untuk memprediksi penyelesaian suatu masalah. Namun demikian belum diketahui seberapa jauh mahasiswa mampu menggunakan model mental mereka untuk memprediksi suatu fenomena fisika. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyelidiki sekelompok mahasiswa yang terdiri dari 16 orang dan mempelajari model mental mereka dalam memahami Pembiasan Cahaya. Salah satu metodenya adalah melakukan serangkaian wawancara semiterstruktur. Selanjutnya penelitian inipun melaporkan hubungan model mental mahasiswa dan kemampuan mereka dalam memprediksi fenomena pembiasan cahaya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mahasiswa membuat model mental yang ternyata sangat variatif tentang Pembiasan Cahaya. Lebih dari 50% model mental mahasiswa ternyata memiliki cacat atau kelemahan karena tidak sesuai dengan teori ilmiah. Selain itu, beberapa mahasiswa berusaha untuk meneapkan model mental mereka untuk membuat prediksi pada tahap awal wawancara. Beberapa mahasiswa belum  memahami  hakikat  sinar datang.  Hubungan antara model mental dan prediksi menjadi makin kompleks seiring dengan berlanjutnya proses penyelesaian masalah.MODEL MENTAL MAHSISWA DALAM MEMAHAMI PEMBIASAN CAHAYA DAN KAITANNYA DENGAN KEMAMPUAN MEMPREDIKS

Removal of Phosphate by Paper Mill Sludge: Adsorption Isotherm and Kinetic Study

Phosphate ions have been removed from aqueous solution by paper mill sludge. The influences of experimental conditions such as pH, amount of adsorbent, initial concentration of phosphate, adsorption isotherm and adsorption kinetics of paper mill sludge were studied. The adsorption of phosphate was more efficient in the basic pH region (pH 12). Pseudo second-order model fits better than the pseudo first-order model for adsorption kinetic data and indicates the adsorption process is based on chemisorptions. The calculated activation energy (Ea) is 37.01 J/mol which further suggests that the sorption of phosphate by paper mill sludge was based on chemical adsorption. Consequently, the equilibrium isotherm data were fitted well to Langmuir isotherm with maximum adsorption capacity of 12.65 mg/g. From the study, it showed that paper mill sludge has the potential to be utilized as a cost effective and high capability adsorbent for removal of phosphate from aqueous solutions

Nanoplankton distribution and abundance in the Vietnamese waters of the South China Sea

A collaborative sea cruise in the Vietnam waters of the South China Sea was conducted in the postmonsoon (21 April to 5 June, 1999) period on board MV SEAFDEC. The nanoplankton from 21 sampling stations consisted of 134 taxa comprising predominantly of centric nanodiatom (29 species), pennata nanodiatom (40 species) and dinoflagellate (65 species). Among the minute plankton collected, three species of nanodiatom (Minidiscus comicus, M. chilensis, M. trioculatus) and numerous dinoflagellate species were present. The pennate nanodiatom comprised of the species of Asterionella, Psammodiscus and Amphipleura ranging from 5.25 x 102 to 1.67 x 104 cell/L; all which were <20?m in size. The dominant centric nanodiatom comprised of species of Thalassiosira, Minidiscus, Chaetoceros and Cyclotella, ranging from 1.36 x 102 to 4.61 x 104 cell/L. The genera of Chaetoceros, Minidiscus, Cyclotella, Coscinodiscus, Navicula, Fragilaria and Thalassiosira contained a wide range of species; however, majority of these species were new records and have not been taxonomically identified. The Prymnesiophyta (mostly small flagellate cells and Prasinophyta species) were rarely present; while those of dinoflagellate consisted of a wide range of species of genera Amphidoma, Centrodinium, Palaephalacroma, Peridinum, Planodinium, Gyrodinium, Gonyaulax, Scrippsiella, Protoperidinium and Protocentrum. The genera of Protoperidinium, Peridinium, Gonyaulax and Prorocentrum had a wide range of species. The class Heptophyceae comprising of Prymnesiaceae, Coccolithaceae and Gephyrocapsaceae were rarely present. The total nanoplankton population (ranging from 0.24 x 104 to 5.47 x 104 L-1) was dense in nearshore regions (especially in waters between Da Nang and Nha Trang) and tend to spread out in concentric semicircle into the open sea. The presence of the dinoflagellate species of Amphidoma, Centradinium and Planadinium were detected in considerable amounts at midshore Vietnam waters of the South China Sea. Blooms of Gyrodonium sp. and Amphidoma sp. (to a limited extend) occurred during the study period

Guided Learning To Improve Self Directed Learning: A Study Among First Year Psychology Students In Unimas

Many studies agreed that students in higher education institution, particularly in year one, still rely on teacher-centred learning (Du Toit-Brits, 2019). This phenomenon was also found, particularly among first year UNIMAS students. They tend to wait for lecturers to spoon-feed them as what they had experienced during their secondary education. In industrial revolution 4.0 where knowledge is everywhere, learning is much easier. However, learning depends on the students themselves. University students should sufficiently equip themselves with the learning skills which prepared them to be more independent and self-directed in their learning

Metacognition : What Roles Does It Play in Students’ Academic Performance?

This paper discusses metacognition, defined as thinking about one’s own thinking, and its relation ship to student’s academic performance. A number of previous studies have shown that metacognition and intelligence were associated, and there fore suggested that students who have metacognition end to be successful learners. This paper also reports on a study investigating the relationship between students’ academic achievement and metacognitive awareness, which has been done at a private secondary school in Kuching. An established instrument by Schraw and Dennison’s Metacognitive Awareness Inventory is used for the purpose of this study

Exploring the Growth of Reflective Practice in Higher Education

Reflective practice is a process to explore the mental states of oneself, and others which allow students to experience deep learning. This practice increases the active engagement of students and personal ownership of self-development. Active thinking is also required which involves attentional control and meta-cognition. This study aims to explore the growth of reflective practice among psychology undergraduate students. A total of twenty-five (25) first-year psychology students from a university in Malaysia participated in this study. Participants have to write reflective journals related to specific learning topics for 10 weeks. Each reflective writing received personalised feedback from the researcher based on the five levels of the reflective practice coding scheme. A total of 138 reflective practice documents were analysed and categorised from Category 0 (non-reflective) to Category 4 (Critical reflective practice). The frequency of the five levels, reflective practice responses, and measures of academic performance was collected. Findings from this study support previous research on the positive contribution of reflective practice. It addresses the efficacy of response frequency to scaffold academic performance. The improvement of reflective practice styles requires a high level of effort, active thinking, and working memory activation