The Importance of Protein Fingerprints in Bacterial Identification: The Maldi-Tof Technique

The available literary sources suggest the general applicability and benefits of the Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) time-of-flight (TOF) mass spectrometry (MS) in the field of microbiological identification including food quality and safety, and the clinical field.  Due to its high reliability, MALDI-TOF might generally be the alternative to the sequence-based and serological-based methods. The essence of the technique is to map the unique protein pattern of microbes that contributes to characterizing a wide variety of microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, and viruses. On the other hand, these applications only have reliable results under certain conditions (homogeneous infection, adequate cell count, appropriate separation technique). In this review, we focused on the application of MALDI-TOF MS for the environmental field where it has significant potential in the identification, differentiation, and categorization of environmental samples which includes (soil, water, and air), furthermore, some challenges, especially in case of the extreme conditions environment and summarize developments that have been enabled for routine application in the field of environment

Effect of electron beam irradiation and the presence of antibiotics on the population ratio of resistan/sensitive bacterial cultures in model wastewater matrix with antibiotics and bacteria added prior to advanced oxidation treatment

Control strategies against the spread of antibiotic resistance should be considered in wastewater treatment plants. It is important to understand how resistant bacteria behave in the presence of trace amounts of antibiotics, in order to implement appropriate measures. In our work, we examined the population dynamics of resistant/sensitive Staphylococcus aureus co-cultures. On the one hand, we gained insight into the effect of trace amounts of antibiotics (piperacillin and erythromycin) on bacteria in different wastewater matrices, and on the other hand, we studied the applicability of electron radiation to eliminate the antibacterial effect. Based on our results, trace amounts of antibiotics act on the resistant strain. Presumably, it triggers biological processes in resistant bacteria that do not provide a competitive benefit but disadvantage over the sensitive subtype, and the trace level of the antibiotic present does not appear to affect the sensitive strains. The effect of these conditions on population dynamics is reduced with the use of accelerated electrons, presumably due to the fact that the decomposition products of the components of the effluent matrix (such as humic acid) also contribute to the chemical transformations. Furthermore, it has become apparent that the presence of trace amounts of antibiotics on the one hand initiates biochemical processes in the resistant subtype and on the other hand sensitizes bacteria to the attack of free radicals generated during electron beam treatment. It is clear that more understanding is needed on the effects of trace level of antibiotics in environmental waters on the cellular response and population behavior of resistant bacterial cultures

Antibacterial effects of sour cherry and sea buckthorn

The aim of the study is to examine the anti-microbial effect of those plant species, which, based on our previous results, significantly inhibit the growth of microorganisms. The cultivars of the chosen sea buckthorn and sour cherry species, originated in Hungarian growing regions, and they are rich in polyphenolic and anthocyanin compounds. The antioxidant capacity was determined by FRAP (Ferric Reducing Ability of Plasma), total polyphenol content (TPC) and TEAC (Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity) assays. In this study, antimicrobial effect was tested on the strains of two bacteria (E. coli, S. aureus). The degree of inhibition was measured by rapid methods: impedance technique (RABIT, Don Whitley Scientific Ltd., UK). The antimicrobial effect was compared with analytical results. The results of our measurement show that due to the high antioxidant capacity of sea buckthorn; have higher antimicrobial effect against chosen bacteria. Anti-microbial efficiency of sour cherry was significantly less than effect of sea buckthorn, but it reached greatly inhibition of microorganisms. Further researches these fruits can serve as a raw material for new, natural origin, and effective antimicrobial agents in a food industry which can use as bio-preservatives

Effect of electron beam irradiation and the presence of antibiotics on the population ratio of resistant/sensitive bacterial cultures in model wastewater matrix

Control strategies against the spread of antibiotic resistance should be considered in wastewater treatment plants. It is important to understand how resistant bacteria behave in the presence of trace amounts of antibiotics, in order to implement appropriate measures. In our work, we examined the population dynamics of resistant/sensitive Staphylococcus aureus co-cultures. On the one hand, we gained insight into the effect of trace amounts of antibiotics (piperacillin and erythromycin) on bacteria in different wastewater matrices, and on the other hand, we studied the applicability of electron radiation to eliminate the antibacterial effect. Based on our results, trace amounts of antibiotics act on the resistant strain. Presumably, it triggers biological processes in resistant bacteria that do not provide a competitive benefit but disadvantage over the sensitive subtype, and the trace level of the antibiotic present does not appear to affect the sensitive strains. The effect of these conditions on population dynamics is reduced with the use of treatment with accelerated electrons, presumably due to the fact that the decomposition products of the components of the effluent matrix (such as humic acid) also contribute to the chemical transformations. Furthermore, it has become apparent that the presence of trace amounts of antibiotics on the one hand initiates biochemical processes in the resistant subtype and on the other hand sensitizes bacteria to the attack of free radicals generated during electron beam treatment. It is clear that better understanding is needed on the effects of trace level of antibiotics in environmental waters on the cellular response and population behavior of resistant bacterial cultures

Antilisterial activity of bacteriocinogenic Pediococcus acidilactici HA6111-2 and Lactobacillus plantarum ESB 202 grown under pH and osmotic stress conditions

Bacteriocin producing lactic acid bacteria (LAB) cultures can be used as biopreservatives in fermented food products; thus the food industry is interested in stable cultures that produce bacteriocins consistently. Inhibtion of Listeria spp. by bacteriocinogenic Pediococcus acidilactici and Lactobacillus plantarum (both isolated from fermented meats) was investigated under conditions of stress induced by low pH and high salt concentrations. Listeria monocytogenes serogroup IIb (from cheese), L. monocytogenes serogroup IVb (from cheese), L. monocytogenes serogroup IIb (from ground beef) and Listeria innocua NCTC 11288 were used as target strains. P. acidilactici and Lb. plantarum demonstrated antilisterial activity under the stress conditions investigated (pH 3.5; pH 8.5; 7.5% NaCl). However, activity was dependent on the stress conditions applied and on the target organism. L. monocytogenes serogroup IIb (from ground beef) and L. innocua C 11288 were, respectively the most sensitive and the most resistant to the cell-free supernatants produced by the LAB investigated.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio