12,075 research outputs found
On Reduced Input-Output Dynamic Mode Decomposition
The identification of reduced-order models from high-dimensional data is a
challenging task, and even more so if the identified system should not only be
suitable for a certain data set, but generally approximate the input-output
behavior of the data source. In this work, we consider the input-output dynamic
mode decomposition method for system identification. We compare excitation
approaches for the data-driven identification process and describe an
optimization-based stabilization strategy for the identified systems
Elastic ice shells of synchronous moons: Implications for cracks on Europa and non-synchronous rotation of Titan
A number of synchronous moons are thought to harbor water oceans beneath
their outer ice shells. A subsurface ocean frictionally decouples the shell
from the interior. This has led to proposals that a weak tidal or atmospheric
torque might cause the shell to rotate differentially with respect to the
synchronously rotating interior. As a result of centrifugal and tidal forces,
the ocean would assume an ellipsoidal shape with its long axis aligned toward
the parent planet. Any displacement of the shell away from its equilibrium
position would induce strains thereby increasing its elastic energy and giving
rise to an elastic restoring torque. We compare the elastic torque with the
tidal torque acting on Europa and the atmospheric torque acting on Titan. For
Europa, the tidal torque is far too weak to produce stresses that could
fracture the ice shell, thus refuting a widely advocated idea. Instead, we
suggest that cracks arise from time-dependent stresses due to non-hydrostatic
gravity anomalies from tidally driven, episodic convection in the interior. Two
years of Cassini RADAR observations of Titan's surface are interpreted as
implying an angular displacement of ~0.24 degrees relative to synchroneity.
Compatibility of the amplitude and phase of the observed non-synchronous
rotation with estimates of the atmospheric torque requires that Titan's shell
be decoupled from its interior. We find that the elastic torque balances the
atmospheric torque at an angular displacement <0.05 degrees, thus coupling the
shell to the interior. Moreover, if Titan's surface were spinning faster than
synchronous, the tidal torque tending to restore synchronous rotation would
certainly be larger than the atmospheric torque. There must either be a problem
with the interpretation of the radar observations, or with our understanding of
Titan's atmosphere and/or interior.Comment: Icarus, in pres
Production of Living Nanoparticles for Blood Cancer Therapy
Current cancer therapies leave much to be desired because they are very harmful to the patient and cause a significant decrease in quality of life. Chimeric Antigen Receptors (CAR) are a promising novel approach for treating specific types of leukemia due to their binding affinity for proteins expressed solely on leukemia B cells. This approach increases specificity of how cells receive treatment, thus allowing for the destruction of cancerous cells while leaving the healthy cells unharmed. In this experiment, we show that production of CAR expressing exosomes (liposome like vesicles produced naturally by human cells) is possible through cell transfection. This finding demonstrates that a new wave of cancer therapeutics, that are more specific and have less harmful side effects, are producible
An intelligent advisory system for pre-launch processing
The shuttle system of interest in this paper is the shuttle's data processing system (DPS). The DPS is composed of the following: (1) general purpose computers (GPC); (2) a multifunction CRT display system (MCDS); (3) mass memory units (MMU); and (4) a multiplexer/demultiplexer (MDM) and related software. In order to ensure the correct functioning of shuttle systems, some level of automatic error detection has been incorporated into all shuttle systems. For the DPS, error detection equipment has been incorporated into all of its subsystems. The automated diagnostic system, (MCDS) diagnostic tool, that aids in a more efficient processing of the DPS is described
Revisiting the Edge of Chaos: Evolving Cellular Automata to Perform Computations
We present results from an experiment similar to one performed by Packard
(1988), in which a genetic algorithm is used to evolve cellular automata (CA)
to perform a particular computational task. Packard examined the frequency of
evolved CA rules as a function of Langton's lambda parameter (Langton, 1990),
and interpreted the results of his experiment as giving evidence for the
following two hypotheses: (1) CA rules able to perform complex computations are
most likely to be found near ``critical'' lambda values, which have been
claimed to correlate with a phase transition between ordered and chaotic
behavioral regimes for CA; (2) When CA rules are evolved to perform a complex
computation, evolution will tend to select rules with lambda values close to
the critical values. Our experiment produced very different results, and we
suggest that the interpretation of the original results is not correct. We also
review and discuss issues related to lambda, dynamical-behavior classes, and
computation in CA. The main constructive results of our study are identifying
the emergence and competition of computational strategies and analyzing the
central role of symmetries in an evolutionary system. In particular, we
demonstrate how symmetry breaking can impede the evolution toward higher
computational capability.Comment: 38 pages, compressed .ps files (780Kb) available ONLY thru anonymous
ftp. (Instructions available via `get 9303003' .
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