CuCo2S4 deposited on TiO2: Controlling the pH Value Boosts Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution

Metallic spinel‐type CuCo2S4 nanoparticles were deposited on nanocrystalline TiO2 (P25®), forming heterostructure nanocomposites. The nanocomposites were characterized in detail by X‐ray powder diffraction (XRD), high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), nitrogen sorption (BET) and UV/Vis spectroscopy. Variation of the CuCo2S4:TiO2 ratio to an optimum value generated a catalyst which shows a very high photocatalytic H2 production rate at neutral pH of 32.3 µmol/h (0.72 mL h–1), which is much larger than for pure TiO2 (traces of H2). The catalyst exhibits an extraordinary long‐term stability and after 70 h irradiation time about 2 mmol H2 were generated. An increased light absorption and an efficient charge separation for the sample with the optimal CuCo2S4:TiO2 ratio is most probably responsible for the high catalytic activity

Adenocarcinoma of the Minor Duodenal Papilla: Report of a Case

An 81-year-old male was found to have a duodenal tumor by screening upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. The tumor was located in the minor duodenal papilla. Pathological examination of the biopsy specimen revealed adenocarcinoma, and endoscopic ultrasound showed an elevated hypoechoic mass in the minor duodenal papilla. The preoperative diagnosis was therefore considered to be either adenocarcinoma of the minor duodenal papilla or duodenal cancer. We performed a subtotal stomach-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy. Histopathological examination of the resected specimen showed the tumor cells to be primarily located in the submucosa of the minor duodenal papilla, with slight invasion into the pancreatic parenchyma through the accessory pancreatic duct. We therefore diagnosed a primary adenocarcima of the minor duodenal papilla. Adenocarcinoma of the minor duodenal papilla is considered to be a rare disease, but it may be underestimated because of the difficulty in distinguishing advanced adenocarcinoma of the minor duodenal papilla from primary duodenal cancer and cancer of the pancreatic head

Particle suspension reactors and materials for solar-driven water splitting

Reactors based on particle suspensions for the capture, conversion, storage, and use of solar energy as H_2 are projected to be cost-competitive with fossil fuels. In light of this, this review paper summarizes state-of-the-art particle light absorbers and cocatalysts as suspensions (photocatalysts) that demonstrate visible-light-driven water splitting on the laboratory scale. Also presented are reactor descriptions, theoretical considerations particular to particle suspension reactors, and efficiency and performance characterization metrics. Opportunities for targeted research, analysis, and development of reactor designs are highlighted