Occult laryngeal foreign body mimicking normal thyroid cartilage

Introduction: Foreign body aspiration is common especially in children. The absence of history of choking does not rule out the diagnosis. Diagnosis required high index of suspicion. Case Presentation: Undiagnosed foreign body aspiration mostly occurs in bronchial airway rather than larynx and can cause severe complications. In this article, we report a silent laryngeal foreign body aspiration to show that careful history taking and accurate evaluation of radiography are important factors for diagnosis. Conclusions: The single most significant factor leading to detect of tracheobronchial foreign body aspiration is a high index of suspicion; this case highlights the possibility of a foreign body in the airway in patients who presents with a recent onset of chronic respiratory complaints. © 2015, Trauma Monthly

Effects of probiotic supplementation on hormonal profiles, biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Background: To the best of our knowledge, data on effects of probiotic administration on hormonal profiles, biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are scarce. This investigation was conducted to assess the effects of probiotic supplementation on hormonal profiles, biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress in women with PCOS. Methods: This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted on 60 women with PCOS, aged 18-40 years old. Subjects were randomly assigned into 2 groups to receive either probiotics or placebo (n = 30 each group) for 12 weeks. Metabolic profiles were quantified at baseline and after a 12-week intervention. Results: After the 12-week intervention, compared with placebo, probiotic supplementation significantly increased serum sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) (+25.9 ± 32.5 vs. +0.5 ± 15.6 nmol/L, P < 0.001) and plasma total antioxidant capacity (TAC) (+8.8 ± 120.5 vs. -98.3 ± 246.4 mmol/L, P = 0.04), and significantly decreased serum total testosterone (-0.2 ± 0.7 vs. +0.2 ± 0.6 ng/mL, P = 0.03), modified Ferriman-Gallwey (mF-G) scores (-1.7 ± 1.5 vs. -0.2 ± 1.0, P < 0.001), serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) (-1150.0 ± 1295.2 vs. +202.5 ± 1426.3 ng/mL, P < 0.001) and plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations (-0.2 ± 0.6 vs. +0.9 ± 1.3 µmol/L, P < 0.001). We did not observe any detrimental effect of probiotic supplementation on other metabolic profiles. Conclusion: Overall, probiotic supplementation of PCOS women for 12 weeks had beneficial effects on total testosterone, SHBG, mFG scores, hs-CRP, TAC and MDA levels but did not affect other metabolic profiles. © 2018 The Author(s)

Environmental assessment of the Digche region in order to the development of warm-water fish culture

Proposed land area within the Environmental impact assessment study boundary is designated for development of warm-water fish culture and located at "49 '55 ° 54 to" 14 '56 ° 54 east longitude, and "7 '15 37 to" 48 '19 37 north latitude, in the Gonbad Kavous county of Golestan province. Currently in Digcheh there are 47 earthen ponds with different dimensions comprising some 380 ha project's overal footprint with an estimated 324ha net area of production ponds, which involves common carp and chinese carp fish farming. Fresh water supply is provided from Gorgan-Roud to the culture ponds by pumping via some mobile pump through a common earthen channel which is shared with agriculture lands of the rural community. Environmental impact assessment studies for the project which in terms of design features, subject to article 2, paragraph (e) of Environmental impact assessment regulation is necessary in order to resolve problems related to water supply , optimization of fish farm's hydraulic systems through the construction of concrete main intake channel and optimization and renewal of pond's weir and outlet structure, intake and drainage channels of production ponds, and also renovation of water pumping systems wich will be resulting in increased farmed fish production and decreased production costs. For optimization of EIA study and achievements to update information by using Geographic Information System(GIS) software, the maps of the study area were provided with scrutiny. Thus, in first step digital map with a scale of 1:500 to1:2000 in AUTO CAD format that shows the project location, prepared with land surveying. Layers of required maps based on Iran Army Geographical Organization base maps for site with conceptual and spatial information of location were provided. General location map of the region, residential areas and villages, roads and other maps needed in studies us ing these layers were produced. Next, the paper output for Cartography maps were prepared using ARC GIS software. The spatial layers with the help of GIS spatial analysis studies by different expert teams of EIA studies (soil and water pollution , social, economic and cultural studies, biological environment, climate and hydrology) , were performed. The output of digital spatial data, spatial analysis and Cartography as various maps, tables or diagrams and graphical analysis were used in various discipline reports. Since implementing the project can be create different and various changes or effects on environment resources (physical, biological, social, economic and cultural) ,thus knowing how these impacts occur will be assist to prevent or reduce their pursuant negative effects the environment impact assessment studies carried out. In order to conduct decision-making process between action and no action alternatives for perform Digcheh Aquaculture project the Leopold matrix and comparison checklist method has been used. The results of the Leopold matrix shows that the action of Project with environmental mitigation measures (+412) is superior to no action Project (-79). Obviously, the modernization and Optimization of Digcheh warm-water fish farming development project have some adverse effects on the environment like other development projects but it seems with considering mitigation measures and performing Environmental Management Plans with regard to positive outcomes for local area, implementation of this project will be provide a lot of positive or favorable outcome for indigenous peoples and fish farmers. As well as with implemention of the Digcheh project problems such as the loss of water in earthen channels, the overall status of fish farming practices, migration from rural to urban areas , lack of employment and consequently low level of income and welfare of the people will be improved and acquire positive trend in the region Consequently in the EIA study final findings, the implementation of Dighcheh fish culture development project is recommended and emphasized

Study on ecological capacity of the release sites of the fingerlings of sturgeon and bony fishes in order to regulate the restocking program at the Gorganrud River

This review is started from April 2002 in Gorgan River and continued for one year. Three sampling stations along the river to the mouth of the estuary were 4000 meters away from the bridge to the village Charqly all samples were collected in this area. Four million sturgeon larvae with average weight of 3/2 grams were obtained from martyr Marjani and Vushmgir Dam farms. Over 40 days released at release stations, and 316 million bony fish fingerlings are being release that 282 million were whitefish, 25 million carp and 9 million bream from Vushmgir Dam and Syjval Bream Center within two months at the release stations in Gorgan River. At sampling stations, especially estuaries to determine the shelf life of fry in the river and to determining migration into the river as well as physical - chemical and assess the frequency and biomass of feeding materials (phytoplankton, zooplankton, and benthos) at the sampling stations in Gorgan River were studied. The entire estuary to the sea makes itself. Maximum migration happened at sunset. Average Debbi for 20-year was at the rate of 14.95 cubic meters per second. In 2002, the annual average was 20.8 cubic meters per second, respectively. Evaluation of abundance and biomass of feeding materials (phytoplankton, zooplankton, and benthos) indicates the status of the average biomass of phytoplankton in the river at the release station was 23/75 mg per liter that was highest in September and was lowest in December. Mean primary production based on a 145 mg chlorophyll cubic meters. 6 orders of benthic invertebrates were observed. Benthic including 9 families and 11 genera have been identified including groups of insects, worms, low-tar and Polychaetes, crustaceans, bivalve and gastropod. But at the release station (S2) the highest levels of benthic biomass (18/18 grams per square meter) degree of diversity of benthic organisms (12) species have largely been seen as a maximum in April and minimum in December. Also zooplankton condition, zooplankton total of 27 genera belonging to five categories, Rotatoria, Kladvsra, Coupe Pvda, Balanvs, and protozoa were identified. In general, in September zooplankton has the greatest diversity and abundance and in September and March, the lowest number is observed

The survey on imported F1 generation carp species in order to enhance genetic diversity of Chinese basic domesticated carp population in Iran

This project has done with the collaboration of Bnyad mostazafan (Ran agriculture and livestock Co.) with goal of increasing efficiency of warm water fishes (Chinese Carps) production. The fish were purchased from China (B. G.) in two parts in Jun 2014. The fish then transferred and quarantined to the ponds in Aghili’s farm In Azadshar using container trucks. The biological parameters of fish such as growth rate were measured during the experiment. The growth rate were obtained 9, 16, 16 and 14% for common carp, big head, silver carp and grass carp, respectively. The result shows that production of experimental ponds (ponds 2 and 4) were obtained 3473 kg/ha while the control ponds produced 2700kg/ha 1n 1393. In general the production were increased 31% when comparing with average of local production and raised 26% when comparing with average production of the entire country in 1393. In this study showed that by importing the F1 generation of Chinese carp, it can expected that production will be increased to 1.5 times of current carrying capacity as long as using aeration system and appropriate management

Feasibility study on semiintensive polyculture of chainess and Indian carps in I.R.IRAN (Guilan province)

15000 juvenile Indian majour carps (Labeo Rohita,Cirhinus merigala, Catla catla) imported (200 ) and transferred to the earthen ponds in Astaneh Fisheries Research Station , In order to assess the viability of rearing under the climatic condition of north part of Iran and also achieve some growth parameters from the larval stage to market size.The fry with 300 mg weight, were released in to 12 ponds. Specimens were separated to tree experimental categories: 1= (30%indian carp and 70% chinees carp) , 2= (50%indian carp and 50% chinees carp) , 3= (70%indian carp and 30% chinees carp) .single chinees carp production were used as control . fishes were fed with artificial food and also with the natural products of the ponds which were enriched with organic fertilizers, after being equally stocked in the ponds .During the experiment, oxygen level ,PH, turbidity, and temperature were measured. Monthly fry samples were taken, for weight and length biometrical analysis and also determination of the weight gain percentage, average daily growth rate, specific growth rate. Results have indicated adaptations and considerable growth in this species, with an increase from the initial weight of 300 mg to an average of 13.5±1.6 mg in 50 days period until the end of November for fingerlings. Also the average weight of growing phase (second year of production ) was 647g for Labeo Rohita ,420 g. for Cirhinus merigala and 734g for Catla catla. The special growth rate (SGR)in Roho was 4.51 %.and 3.9 % for merigal and6.2 % for Catla while for Chinees carps SGR was 4.9, 6.7, 7.6 and 5.8 for silver carp,grass carp, common carp and big head respectively. Results revealed that the Indian majour carps compatibility with the condition in Gilan province was succesfull and the combination of species and optimization of their compatibility were remind for futhre studies

Extended abdominoperineal resection in women: the barbadian experience

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: We report our results of a selective approach to primary direct appositional vaginal repair versus transverse rectus abdominis flap repair (TRAM) in patients with extensive rectal/anal cancer or in cases with primary cancer of cervix, vagina or vulva involving the anal canal and anal sphincters. METHODS: Eighteen female patients (mean age: 62.9 years; range: 44–81 years) with a median follow-up of 14 months (range: 2–36 months) undergoing extended abdominoperineal reconstruction with total mesorectal excision between May 2002 and September 2005, were studied. RESULTS: Twelve patients underwent an extended abdominoperineal resection with hysterectomy and vaginectomy, with 6 patients undergoing primary TRAM flap reconstruction following pelvic exenteration. Exenterative procedures were performed in 2 cases of primary vaginal cancer, following Wertheim hysterectomy for carcinoma of the cervix with recurrence after radiation and in 2 further cases of anal cancer with extensive pelvic recurrence after primary chemoradiation. Fifteen cases are alive on follow-up with no evidence of disease; 2 patients who had recurrent carcinoma of the cervix and who underwent TRAM flap reconstruction, have recurrent disease after 5 and 6 months of follow-up, respectively. DISCUSSION: Our experience shows that careful primary closure of an extended abdominoperineal resection wound is effective and safe. Our one case of wound breakdown after primary repair underwent external beam and intracavitary irradiation primarily with wound breakdown of a primary repair followed by a delayed pedicled graciloplasty. TRAM flap reconstruction has been reserved in our unit for patients undergoing total pelvic extenteration. In general, we would recommend the use of TRAM flap reconstruction in younger sexually active patients where there has been external irradiation combined with brachytherapy

Investigation on the possibility of artificial propagation, cultivation and brood stock management of Vannamei shrimp

Project was carried out at the Gomishan Centre for training and education which is located 15 km far from Gomishan City in the Golestan Province. Prebroodstocks were chosen from ponds (stocking density: 3/m^2). 860 male and 890 female broodstocks were separated and transferred into greenhouse (400 m^2). The average growth rate per day was 0.3 g and survival rate was 90%. After reaching 42 g in males and 52 g in females they were ready for Eyes stalk Brood stocks were transferred into propagation hall in June and after a week females gone under Eyes stalk. 10,890,000 eggs were yielded from 50 females and consequently 7, 187, 0.50 nauplius were produced. Each broodstock spawned 1.34 Times. The maximum hatching was 75% that in was average 64.2%. Mass of Cetocerous Algae was mass produced to be fed for post larvae. Finally 35,000 PL15 were yielded. PL15 were transferred into two half hectare and one 1 ha ponds in July. The stocking density was 18 PL/m^2. Biometric parameters together with air and water temperatures, and pH were recorded daily. Results indicate that the maximum survival rate was 58% (pond No. 5) and minimum was 52% (pond No. 17). The average weight after 101 days cultivating was 23 g which is appropriate. Also the average daily growth rate was 0.2g and the FCR was 1