The Effect of Curcuma domestica Val Extract on Phagocytic Activity of Macrophage in Listeria monocytogenes Inoculated BALB/C Mice

Background: Cellular imunological respond is started by macrophage activity as Antigen Presenting Cell, processing antigen in such a way that emerge interactions among immune cells. Listeria monocytogenes infection often used as an example to demonstrate the immune response to the intracellular bacteria. Curcuma has been proven in vitro to have immunomodulatory effect to improve the function of T cell, NKcell, macrophage, and splenocyte. Thus, it is presumed that curcuma extract may influence macrophage phagocytic activity. The aim of this research is to find out whether there is a difference between macrophage of mice inoculated with Listeria monocytogenes after treatment of curcuma extract in stepped dose compared with control.Design and Method: This laboratory experimental research used a Post-Test Only Control Group Design method. The samples were 20 males of balb/c mice. The mice were divided into 4 groups adopted for a week before the treatments for 20 days. The groups consist of control group, group I (receiving 0.13mg/day of curcuma extract), group II (receiving 0.26 mg/day of curcuma extract, group III (receiving 0.52mg/day curcuma extract). Mice were inoculated with Listeria monocytogenes on day 15. After isolation, the macrophage was desensitized using latex beads and observed under the microscope. The data were analyzed using One way Anova test was followed by Post hoc test using SPSS 15 programme.Result: Index of macrophage phagosytosis in control group, group I, II,II were 0.914±0,27, 1.940±0,42, 2.914±0.56, 1.30±0.31 respectively. One Way Anova test showed a difference among each of groups P<0.05 except for group I and II.Conclusion: Curcuma treatment can increase macrophage phagocytic activity on balb/c mice inoculated with Listeria monocytogenes (Sains Medika, 4(1):63-70)

Pengaruh Latihan Beban Terhadap Kadar Trigliserida Lansia Di Panti Wredha Betania Lembean

: Triglyceride is the main fat in the body, was formed in the liver from glycerol and fat from food or from excess calories due to overeating. Elderly individuals who are aging resulting in a progressive loss of muscle mass and replaced by fatty tissue. Increased levels of fat (triglycerides) elderly is also caused by a decrease in the ability of their activities as usual. This study aims to prove whether or not the effect of weight training on elderly triglyceride levels. This study is an experimental field with research design one group pre-post test and the sample size of 30 elderly. This research was conducted at Panti Wredha Lembean Bethany began in November 2014 until January 2015. Weight training on the left and right upper extremity was performed twice a week in a period of one month. This study showed a decrease in triglyceride levels in the elderly after a given intervention of weight training for a month. The analysis results obtained by the α = 0.00 (<0.05), which means there is a significant difference between weight training and triglyceride levels elderly

Injury surveillance information system: A review of the system requirements

Purpose: An injury surveillance information system (ISIS) collects, analyzes, and distributes data on injuries to promote health care delivery. The present study aimed to review the data elements and functional requirements of this system. Method: This study was conducted in 2019. Studies related to injury surveillance system were searched from January 2000 to September 2019 via the databases of PubMed, Web of Knowledge, ScienceDirect, and Scopus. Articles related to the epidemiology of injury, population survey, and letters to the editor were excluded, while the review and research articles related to ISISs were included in the study. Initially 324 articles were identified, and finally 22 studies were selected for review. Having reviewed the articles, the data needed were extracted and the results were synthesized narratively. Results: The results showed that most of the systems reviewed in this study used the minimum data set suggested by the World Health Organization injury surveillance guidelines along with supplementary data. The main functions considered for the system were injury track, data analysis, report, data linkage, electronic monitoring and data dissemination. Conclusion: ISISs can help to improve healthcare planning and injury prevention. Since different countries have various technical and organizational infrastructures, it is essential to identify system requirements in different settings. © 2020 Chinese Medical Associatio

Governance of Offshore IT Outsourcing at Shell Global Functions IT-BAM Development and Application of a Governance Framework to Improve Outsourcing Relationships

The lack of effective IT governance is widely recognized as a key inhibitor to successful global IT outsourcing relationships. In this study we present the development and application of a governance framework to improve outsourcing relationships. The approach used to developing an IT governance framework includes a meta model and a customization process to fit the framework to the target organization. The IT governance framework consists of four different elements (1) organisational structures, (2) joint processes between in- and outsourcer, (3) responsibilities that link roles to processes and (4) a diverse set of control indicators to measure the success of the relationship. The IT governance framework is put in practice in Shell GFIT BAM, a part of Shell that concluded to have a lack of management control over at least one of their outsourcing relationships. In a workshop the governance framework was used to perform a gap analysis between the current and desired governance. Several gaps were identified in the way roles and responsibilities are assigned and joint processes are set-up. Moreover, this workshop also showed the usefulness and usability of the IT governance framework in structuring, providing input and managing stakeholders in the discussions around IT governance

Transformation at ZABTech; an institute of technical and vocational education (iTVE)

Abstract   Subject Area of the Teaching Case.   Managing Organizational Change, A Multiple Perspective Approach 3rd Edition Student level (e.g., BA level) and proposed courses the teaching case can be used on.   This case could be helpful to discover, build, design and sustain the change and innovation in organizations for both undergraduates and graduates' students of BBA and MBA.   Brief overview of the teaching case.   This case-based on change managing organizational change course, i.e. appreciative inquiry 4D-cycle. This case could be helpful to discover, Dream (build), design and Destiney to sustain the change and innovation in organizations for both undergraduate and graduate students in their elective course. This case can be used as a motivational story in a short seminar to bring and sustain the change effectively and efficiently.   Expected learning outcomes.   To highlight the major issues which need to be discovered or appreciation for the best of what is current practice in technical and vocational institute in developing country; such as Pakistan. Based on the available knowledge students need to envision (or dream) about what the future could be. To explore the influence of leader in designing or co-constructing (through collective dialogue) and overcome the specified issues in ZABTech (iTVE). Students should identify the actions taken by leader to sustaining the organization's destiny or future

Integrated quantitative PIXE analysis and EDX spectroscopy using a laser-driven particle source

Among the existing elemental characterization techniques, Particle Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE) and Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy are two of the most widely used in different scientific and technological fields. Here we present the first quantitative laser-driven PIXE and laser-driven EDX experimental investigation performed at the Centro de L\'aseres Pulsados in Salamanca. Thanks to their potential for compactness and portability, laser-driven particle sources are very appealing for materials science applications, especially for materials analysis techniques. We demonstrate the possibility to exploit the X-ray signal produced by the co-irradiation with both electrons and protons to identify the elements in the sample. We show that, using the proton beam only, we can successfully obtain quantitative information about the sample structure through laser-driven PIXE analysis. These results pave the way towards the development of a compact and multi-functional apparatus for the elemental analysis of materials based on a laser-driven particle source.Comment: This project has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (ENSURE grant agreement No. 647554). Submitted to Science Advances on 20th May 2

Turning molecular springs into nano-shock absorbers: the effect of macroscopic morphology and crystal size on the dynamic hysteresis of water intrusion-extrusion into-from hydrophobic nanopores

Controlling the pressure at which liquids intrude (wet) and extrude (dry) a nanopore is of paramount importance for a broad range of applications, such as energy conversion, catalysis, chromatography, separation, ionic channels, and many more. To tune these characteristics, one typically acts on the chemical nature of the system or pore size. In this work, we propose an alternative route for controlling both intrusion and extrusion pressures via proper arrangement of the grains of the nanoporous material. To prove the concept, dynamic intrusion-extrusion cycles for powdered and monolithic ZIF-8 metal-organic framework were conducted by means of water porosimetry and in operando neutron scattering. We report a drastic increase in intrusion-extrusion dynamic hysteresis when going from a fine powder to a dense monolith configuration, transforming an intermediate performance of the ZIF-8 + water system (poor molecular spring) into a desirable shock-absorber with more than 1 order of magnitude enhancement of dissipated energy per cycle. The obtained results are supported by MD simulations and pave the way for an alternative methodology of tuning intrusion-extrusion pressure using a macroscopic arrangement of nanoporous material

Psychological distress during pandemic Covid-19 among adult general population: Result across 13 countries

The COVID-19 pandemics caused an unprecedented mortality, distress, and globally poses a challenge to mental resilience. To our knowledge, this is the first study that aimed to investigate the psychological distress among the adult general population across 13 countries. This cross-sectional study was conducted through online survey by recruiting 7091 respondents. Psychological distress was evaluated with COVID-19 Peritraumatic Distress Index (CPDI). The crude prevalence of psychological distress due to COVID-19 is highest in Vietnam, followed by Egypt, and Bangladesh. Through Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis, the respondents from Vietnam holds the highest level of distress, while the respondents from Sri Lanka holds the lowest level of distress with reference to Nepal.Female respondents had higher odds of having reported psychological distress, and those with tertiary education were less likely to report psychological distress compared to those with lower level of education. The findings indicate that psychological distress is varies across different countries. Therefore, different countries should continue the surveillance on psychological consequences through the COVID-19 pandemic to monitor the burden and to prepare for the targeted mental health support interventions according to the need. The coping strategies and social support should be provided especially to the lower educational attainment group