1,382 research outputs found
An Experiment Of The Effect Of Teaching Different Computational Methods Of Operating Cash Flows On Student Understanding
This study uses an experimental approach to determine if student understanding of the association between depreciation and cash flows differs based on which method of computing operating cash flows is presented to students. The participants are undergraduate and graduate students in business at a major university in the southwest United States. The participants attended sessions where they heard a brief lecture explaining operating cash flows using either the direct or indirect methods. 
An Experiment Of Student Understanding Of Accruals Versus Cash Flows
The concepts of both accrual accounting and cash basis accounting need to be thoroughly understood by accounting graduates as they enter the workplace. In making decisions, both managers and investors often may need to make adjustments from one basis to the other. But do students really understand these concepts? This study uses an experimental approach to determine if students in both the U.S. and Mexico understand the association between accrual and cash flow numbers in the area of depreciation. The results reveal that the majority of student participants in both countries do not understand the relationship between depreciation and cash flows. This suggests that the way depreciation is taught in intermediate accounting may need to be approached differently in order for students to understand the nature of depreciation and its effect on earnings and cash flows
Male cytogenetic evaluation prior to assisted reproduction procedures performed in Mar del Plata, Argentina
Objective: This paper aimed to estimate the frequency ofoccurrence and the types of chromosomal abnormalitiesfound in 141 infertile men with abnormal semen parameters.Methods: the frequency and type of chromosomal abnormalitieswere determined with male mitotic karyotypeanalysis from peripheral blood through chromosome bandingtechniques before assisted reproduction procedures.Results: In this series of 141 infertile men, 19 (13%) hadchromosomal anomalies and 35 (25%) had polymorphicvariants. The main chromosome abnormalities were reciprocaltranslocations and marker chromosomes in mosaic.Conclusions: These results stress the relevance of cytogeneticstudies for infertile males as a diagnostic tool anda valuable input in genetic counseling.Fil: Poli, MarĂa Noelia. Asociacion de Genetica Humana; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de BiologĂa; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas; ArgentinaFil: Lopez Miranda, LucĂa A.. Asociacion de Genetica Humana; ArgentinaFil: Gil, Eduardo Daniel. Asociacion de Genetica Humana; ArgentinaFil: Zanier, GermĂĄn Justo. Asociacion de Genetica Humana; ArgentinaFil: Fernandez Iriarte, Pedro Jose. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de BiologĂa. Laboratorio de GenĂ©tica; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; ArgentinaFil: Zanier, Justo Hector Mario. Asociacion de Genetica Humana; ArgentinaFil: Coco, Roberto. Fecunditas Instituto de Medicina Reproductiva; Argentin
Sodium restriction in patients with chronic heart failure and reduced ejection fraction: A randomized controlled trial
Background: Sodium restriction is recommended for patients with heart failure (HF) despite the lack of solid clinical evidence from randomized controlled trials. Whether or not sodium restrictions provide beneficial cardiac effects is not known.
Methods: The present study is a randomized, double-blind, controlled trial of stable HF patients with ejection fraction †40%. Patients were allocated to sodium restriction (2 g of sodium/day) vs. control (3 g of sodium/day). The primary outcome was change in N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) at 20 weeks. Secondary outcomes included quality of life and adverse safety events (HF readmission, blood pressure or electrolyte abnormalities).
Results: Seventy patients were enrolled. Median baseline sodium consumption was 3268 (2225â4537) mg/day. Adherence to the intervention based on 24-hour urinary sodium was 32%. NT-proBNP and quality of life did not significantly change between groups (p > 0.05 for both). Adverse safety events were not significantly different between the arms (p > 0.6 for all). In the per protocol analysis, patients who achieved a sodium intake < 2500 mg/day at the  intervention conclusion showed improvements in NT-proBNP levels (between-group difference: â55%, 95% confidence interval â27 to â73%; p = 0.002) and quality of life (between-group difference â11 ± 5 points; p = 0.04). Blood pressure decreased in patients with lower sodium intake (between-group difference â9 ± 5 mmHg; p = 0.05) without significant differences in symptomatic hypotension or other safety events (p > 0.3 for all).
Conclusions: Adherence assessed by 24-hour natriuresis and by the nutritionist was poor. The group allocated to sodium restriction did not show improvement in NT-proBNP. However, patients who achieved a sodium intake < 2500 mg/day appeared to have improvements in NT-proBNP and quality of life without any adverse safety signals. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03351283
Una perspectiva multidisciplinaria
Derivado de la necesidad de fomentar la investigacioÌn multidisciplinaria, la Facultad de EconomiÌa de la Universidad AutoÌnoma del Estado de MeÌxico llevoÌ a cabo los diÌas 8 y 9 de septiembre de 2016, el VIII Coloquio de InvestigacioÌn intitulado âDesarrollo econoÌmico, regional y sustentableâ. En este magno evento se presentaron 36 ponencias agrupadas en cinco mesas de trabajo: sectores productivos, crecimiento econoÌmico y mercado de trabajo; tecnologiÌa, innovacioÌn y organizaciones; desigualdad regional, pobreza y migracioÌn; economiÌa financiera e internacional; y medio ambiente y sociedad. Del material expuesto en el VIII Coloquio, se eligieron 16 investigaciones, mismas que integran este libro. Los estudios presentados en cada uno de los subsiguientes capiÌtulos fueron seleccionados de acuerdo a un proceso de rigurosidad cientiÌfica, siendo sometidos a dictamen por pares ciegos a partir de la integracioÌn de un ComiteÌ AcadeÌmico de expertos. Lo anterior con la finalidad de proporcionar al lector un material de investigacioÌn de calidad y solidez cientiÌfica respecto a temas de trascendencia vinculados con los sectores productivos, la innovacioÌn, las organizaciones, la responsabilidad social, la desigualdad, la educacioÌn y el medioambiente.Consecuencia de la apertura de los mercados y los preceptos competitivos dictados por la globalizacioÌn, se manifiesta la necesidad de vincular los diversos saberes provenientes de las ciencias naturales y sociales, con el fin de complementar el conocimiento y generar nuevas formas de visualizar el entorno. A raiÌz de ello, la investigacioÌn multidisciplinaria asume un papel cada vez maÌs importante en los ciÌrculos acadeÌmicos, empresariales y gubernamentales. En este marco, entra en desuso la visualizacioÌn del individuo como un sujeto atomiÌstico desvinculado del medio ambiente que le rodea. El objetivo de este libro es otorgar una visioÌn multidisciplinaria al estudio de temas econoÌmicos incorporando visiones teoÌricas y empiÌricas procedentes de las ciencias sociales y naturales. La obra estaÌ compuesta por 16 capiÌtulos agrupados en cuatro secciones. La primera parte, conglomera cinco capiÌtulos en torno a los toÌpicos sectores productivos y crecimiento econoÌmico.Facultad de EconomĂa. Universidad AutĂłnoma del Estado de MĂ©xic
Effect of surgical experience and spine subspecialty on the reliability of the {AO} Spine Upper Cervical Injury Classification System
OBJECTIVE
The objective of this paper was to determine the interobserver reliability and intraobserver reproducibility of the AO Spine Upper Cervical Injury Classification System based on surgeon experience (< 5 years, 5â10 years, 10â20 years, and > 20 years) and surgical subspecialty (orthopedic spine surgery, neurosurgery, and "other" surgery).
METHODS
A total of 11,601 assessments of upper cervical spine injuries were evaluated based on the AO Spine Upper Cervical Injury Classification System. Reliability and reproducibility scores were obtained twice, with a 3-week time interval. Descriptive statistics were utilized to examine the percentage of accurately classified injuries, and Pearsonâs chi-square or Fisherâs exact test was used to screen for potentially relevant differences between study participants. Kappa coefficients (Îș) determined the interobserver reliability and intraobserver reproducibility.
RESULTS
The intraobserver reproducibility was substantial for surgeon experience level (< 5 years: 0.74 vs 5â10 years: 0.69 vs 10â20 years: 0.69 vs > 20 years: 0.70) and surgical subspecialty (orthopedic spine: 0.71 vs neurosurgery: 0.69 vs other: 0.68). Furthermore, the interobserver reliability was substantial for all surgical experience groups on assessment 1 (< 5 years: 0.67 vs 5â10 years: 0.62 vs 10â20 years: 0.61 vs > 20 years: 0.62), and only surgeons with > 20 years of experience did not have substantial reliability on assessment 2 (< 5 years: 0.62 vs 5â10 years: 0.61 vs 10â20 years: 0.61 vs > 20 years: 0.59). Orthopedic spine surgeons and neurosurgeons had substantial intraobserver reproducibility on both assessment 1 (0.64 vs 0.63) and assessment 2 (0.62 vs 0.63), while other surgeons had moderate reliability on assessment 1 (0.43) and fair reliability on assessment 2 (0.36).
CONCLUSIONS
The international reliability and reproducibility scores for the AO Spine Upper Cervical Injury Classification System demonstrated substantial intraobserver reproducibility and interobserver reliability regardless of surgical experience and spine subspecialty. These results support the global application of this classification system
Clonal chromosomal mosaicism and loss of chromosome Y in elderly men increase vulnerability for SARS-CoV-2
The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) had an estimated overall case fatality ratio of 1.38% (pre-vaccination), being 53% higher in males and increasing exponentially with age. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, we found 133 cases (1.42%) with detectable clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations (mCA) and 226 males (5.08%) with acquired loss of chromosome Y (LOY). Individuals with clonal mosaic events (mCA and/or LOY) showed a 54% increase in the risk of COVID-19 lethality. LOY is associated with transcriptomic biomarkers of immune dysfunction, pro-coagulation activity and cardiovascular risk. Interferon-induced genes involved in the initial immune response to SARS-CoV-2 are also down-regulated in LOY. Thus, mCA and LOY underlie at least part of the sex-biased severity and mortality of COVID-19 in aging patients. Given its potential therapeutic and prognostic relevance, evaluation of clonal mosaicism should be implemented as biomarker of COVID-19 severity in elderly people. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, individuals with clonal mosaic events (clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations and/or loss of chromosome Y) showed an increased risk of COVID-19 lethality
Mitochondrial physiology
As the knowledge base and importance of mitochondrial physiology to evolution, health and disease expands, the necessity for harmonizing the terminology concerning mitochondrial respiratory states and rates has become increasingly apparent. The chemiosmotic theory establishes the mechanism of energy transformation and coupling in oxidative phosphorylation. The unifying concept of the protonmotive force provides the framework for developing a consistent theoretical foundation of mitochondrial physiology and bioenergetics. We follow the latest SI guidelines and those of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) on terminology in physical chemistry, extended by considerations of open systems and thermodynamics of irreversible processes. The concept-driven constructive terminology incorporates the meaning of each quantity and aligns concepts and symbols with the nomenclature of classical bioenergetics. We endeavour to provide a balanced view of mitochondrial respiratory control and a critical discussion on reporting data of mitochondrial respiration in terms of metabolic flows and fluxes. Uniform standards for evaluation of respiratory states and rates will ultimately contribute to reproducibility between laboratories and thus support the development of data repositories of mitochondrial respiratory function in species, tissues, and cells. Clarity of concept and consistency of nomenclature facilitate effective transdisciplinary communication, education, and ultimately further discovery
Les droits disciplinaires des fonctions publiques : « unification », « harmonisation » ou « distanciation ». A propos de la loi du 26 avril 2016 relative à la déontologie et aux droits et obligations des fonctionnaires
The production of tt⟠, W+bb⟠and W+cc⟠is studied in the forward region of protonâproton collisions collected at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV by the LHCb experiment, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.98±0.02 fbâ1 . The W bosons are reconstructed in the decays WââÎœ , where â denotes muon or electron, while the b and c quarks are reconstructed as jets. All measured cross-sections are in agreement with next-to-leading-order Standard Model predictions.The production of , and is studied in the forward region of proton-proton collisions collected at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV by the LHCb experiment, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.98 0.02 \mbox{fb}^{-1}. The bosons are reconstructed in the decays , where denotes muon or electron, while the and quarks are reconstructed as jets. All measured cross-sections are in agreement with next-to-leading-order Standard Model predictions
Mitochondrial physiology
As the knowledge base and importance of mitochondrial physiology to evolution, health and disease expands, the necessity for harmonizing the terminology concerning mitochondrial respiratory states and rates has become increasingly apparent. The chemiosmotic theory establishes the mechanism of energy transformation and coupling in oxidative phosphorylation. The unifying concept of the protonmotive force provides the framework for developing a consistent theoretical foundation of mitochondrial physiology and bioenergetics. We follow the latest SI guidelines and those of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) on terminology in physical chemistry, extended by considerations of open systems and thermodynamics of irreversible processes. The concept-driven constructive terminology incorporates the meaning of each quantity and aligns concepts and symbols with the nomenclature of classical bioenergetics. We endeavour to provide a balanced view of mitochondrial respiratory control and a critical discussion on reporting data of mitochondrial respiration in terms of metabolic flows and fluxes. Uniform standards for evaluation of respiratory states and rates will ultimately contribute to reproducibility between laboratories and thus support the development of data repositories of mitochondrial respiratory function in species, tissues, and cells. Clarity of concept and consistency of nomenclature facilitate effective transdisciplinary communication, education, and ultimately further discovery
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