8 research outputs found
The Critical Coronal Transition Region: A Physics-framed Strategy to Uncover the Genesis of the Solar Wind and Solar Eruptions
Our current theoretical and observational understanding suggests that
critical properties of the solar wind and Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) are
imparted within 10 Rs, particularly below 4 Rs. This seemingly narrow spatial
region encompasses the transition of coronal plasma processes through the
entire range of physical regimes from fluid to kinetic, and from primarily
closed to open magnetic field structures. From a physics perspective,
therefore, it is more appropriate to refer to this region as the Critical
Coronal Transition Region (CCTR) to emphasize its physical, rather than
spatial, importance to key Heliophysics science.
This white paper argues that the comprehensive exploration of the CCTR will
answer two of the most central Heliophysics questions, "How and where does the
solar wind form?" and "How do eruptions form?", by unifying
hardware/software/modeling development and seemingly disparate research
communities and frameworks. We describe the outlines of decadal-scale plan to
achieve that by 2050.Comment: White paper submitted to the Decadal Survey for Solar and Space
Physics (Heliophysics) 2024-2033; 6 pages, 1 figure, 2 table
ECMO for COVID-19 patients in Europe and Israel
Since March 15th, 2020, 177 centres from Europe and Israel have joined the study, routinely reporting on the ECMO support they provide to COVID-19 patients. The mean annual number of cases treated with ECMO in the participating centres before the pandemic (2019) was 55. The number of COVID-19 patients has increased rapidly each week reaching 1531 treated patients as of September 14th. The greatest number of cases has been reported from France (n = 385), UK (n = 193), Germany (n = 176), Spain (n = 166), and Italy (n = 136) .The mean age of treated patients was 52.6 years (range 16â80), 79% were male. The ECMO configuration used was VV in 91% of cases, VA in 5% and other in 4%. The mean PaO2 before ECMO implantation was 65 mmHg. The mean duration of ECMO support thus far has been 18 days and the mean ICU length of stay of these patients was 33 days. As of the 14th September, overall 841 patients have been weaned from ECMO
support, 601 died during ECMO support, 71 died after withdrawal of ECMO, 79 are still receiving ECMO support and for 10 patients status n.a. . Our preliminary data suggest that patients placed
on ECMO with severe refractory respiratory or cardiac failure secondary to COVID-19 have a reasonable (55%) chance of survival. Further extensive data analysis is expected to provide invaluable information on the demographics, severity of illness, indications and different ECMO management strategies in these patients
The sun, the solar wind, and the heliosphere
This volume presents a concise, up-to-date overview of current research on the observations, theoretical interpretations, and empirical and physical descriptions of the Sun, the Solar Wind, and the Heliosphere, from the solar interior outward to the planets
Comparison of the Scaling Properties of EUV Intensity Fluctuations in Coronal Hole and Quiet-Sun Regions
Critical Science Plan for the Daniel K. Inouye Solar Telescope (DKIST)
Open Access funding provided by the National Solar Observatory (NSO). The NSO is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., and is funded by the National Science Foundation.The National Science Foundationâs Daniel K. Inouye Solar Telescope (DKIST) will revolutionize our ability to measure, understand, and model the basic physical processes that control the structure and dynamics of the Sun and its atmosphere. The first-light DKIST images, released publicly on 29 January 2020, only hint at the extraordinary capabilities that will accompany full commissioning of the five facility instruments. With this Critical Science Plan (CSP) we attempt to anticipate some of what those capabilities will enable, providing a snapshot of some of the scientific pursuits that the DKIST hopes to engage as start-of-operations nears. The work builds on the combined contributions of the DKIST Science Working Group (SWG) and CSP Community members, who generously shared their experiences, plans, knowledge, and dreams. Discussion is primarily focused on those issues to which DKIST will uniquely contribute.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe
Firefly: The Case for a Holistic Understanding of the Global Structure and Dynamics of the Sun and the Heliosphere
This white paper is on the HMCS Firefly mission concept study. Firefly focuses on the global structure and dynamics of the Sun's interior, the generation of solar magnetic fields, the deciphering of the solar cycle, the conditions leading to the explosive activity, and the structure and dynamics of the corona as it drives the heliosphere