Dimensional analysis of soil properties after treatment with the rotary paraplow, a new conservationist tillage tool

This study examined a new conservation tillage tool, the "rotary paraplow". Emphasis was placed on evaluating the tool's conservation potential using dimensionless graph analysis. The dynamic conditions of the soil were investigated in terms of physical soil properties. Having determined the variables to be measured, dimensional analysis was used to plan the experiments. Two variations were considered for each dependent variable (linear speed, working depth, and rotation velocity), totaling eight treatments, allotting in each an experimental strip with five data collection points. This arrangement totaled 16 experimental strips, with 80 data collection points for all variables. The rotary paraplow generates a trapezoidal furrow for planting with a very wide bottom and narrower at the top. The volumetric subsoiling action generates cracks on the sides of the band. Because of their specific geometry the blades of rotary paraplow generate a soil failure according to its natural crack angle, optimizing the energy use, while preserving the natural soil properties. Results showed the conservation character of the rotary paraplow, capable of breaking up clods for planting without changing the original physical soil properties.93693701FINE

A922 Sequential measurement of 1 hour creatinine clearance (1-CRCL) in critically ill patients at risk of acute kidney injury (AKI)

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Normal probability plots for evaluation of seeds distribution mechanisms in seeders

Currently great emphasis is given for seed metering that assist rigorous demands in relation to longitudinal distribution of seeds, as well as to the index of fails in spacing laws, breaks and double seeds. The evaluation of these variable demands much time and work of attainment of data and processing. The objective of this work went propose to use of graphs of normal probability, facilitating the treatment of the data and decreasing the time of processing. The evaluation methodology consists in the counting of broken seeds, fail spacing and double seeds through the measure of the spacing among seeds, preliminary experiments through combinations of treatments had been carried through whose factors of variation were the level of the reservoir of seeds, the leveling of the seed metering, the speed of displacement and dosage of seeds. The evaluation was carried through in two parts, first through preliminary experiments for elaboration of the graphs of normal probability and later in experiments with bigger sampling for evaluation of the influence of the factors most important. It was done the evaluation of seed metering of rotating internal ring, and the amount of necessary data for the evaluation was very decreased through of the graphs of normal probability that facilitated to prioritize only the significant factors. The dosage of seeds was factor that more important because factor (D) have greater significance.33250751

Profundidade de sulco, área de solo mobilizada e força de tração de uma semeadora-adubadora em razão da velocidade de deslocamento

Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a profundidade de sulco, área de solo mobilizada e a força de tração solicitada por uma semeadora-adubadora de precisão em sistema de plantio direto na cultura do milho, em razão da velocidade de deslocamento. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições em arranjo fatorial 4 x 3, com 12 tratamentos, constituídos de quatro velocidades de deslocamento, obtidas pelos escalonamentos de marchas e de três rotações do motor do trator. Durante a semeadura, monitoraram-se a velocidade de operação, a rotação do motor e a força de tração na barra. Após a semeadura, foram avaliadas a profundidade do sulco e a área mobilizada de solo. Os resultados mostraram que: a profundidade do sulco foi influenciada pelo aumento na velocidade de operação; a área mobilizada de solo aumentou em 41 % com a elevação da velocidade de operação; o requerimento de força na barra de tração, média, por linha de semeadura e por área mobilizada de solo diminuiu com o aumento da velocidade; e a força média na barra de tração por profundidade do sulco aumentou com o incremento da velocidade de operação