The Effects of Grass Carp on Aquatic Plants, Plankton and Benthos in Ponds

The effects of the grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella Val.)on aquatic plant biomass, water quality, phytoplankton, chlorophyll a, zooplankton and benthic fauna were investigated between May and September 2000 in earthen ponds at Cifteler- Sakaryabasi Aquaculture and Research Station. (PDF has 8 pages

Condition for the Existence of Complex Modes in a Trapped Bose--Einstein Condensate with a Highly Quantized Vortex

We consider a trapped Bose--Einstein condensate (BEC) with a highly quantized vortex. For the BEC with a doubly, triply or quadruply quantized vortex, the numerical calculations have shown that the Bogoliubov--de Gennes equations, which describe the fluctuation of the condensate, have complex eigenvalues. In this paper, we obtain the analytic expression of the condition for the existence of complex modes, using the method developed by Rossignoli and Kowalski [R. Rossignoli and A. M. Kowalski, Phys. Rev. A 72, 032101 (2005)] for the small coupling constant. To derive it, we make the two-mode approximation. With the derived analytic formula, we can identify the quantum number of the complex modes for each winding number of the vortex. Our result is consistent with those obtained by the numerical calculation in the case that the winding number is two, three or four. We prove that the complex modes always exist when the condensate has a highly quantized vortex

Condition for emergence of complex eigenvalues in the Bogoliubov-de Gennes equations

The condition for the appearance of dynamical instability of the Bose-condensed system, characterized by the emergence of complex eigenvalues in the Bogoliubov-de Gennes equations, is studied analytically. We perturbatively expand both the Gross-Pitaevskii and Bogoliubov-de Gennes equations with respect to the coupling constant. It is concluded that the degeneracy between a positive-norm eigenmode and a negative-norm one is essential for the emergence of complex modes. Based on the conclusion, we justify the two-mode approximation applied in our previous work [E. Fukuyama \textit{et al}., Phys. Rev. A {\bf 76}, 043608 (2007)], in which we analytically studied the condition for the existence of complex modes when the condensate has a highly quantized vortex.Comment: 7page

Gamma Irradiation on Growth and Development of Amorphophallus Muelleri Blume.

Iles-iles (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) produces apomictic seeds lead to low genetic variation. In order to induce genetic variation, germinated seeds were exposed to Gamma irradiation (Co-60) at doses of 10 to 100 Gy. Seed irradiation was conducted at Center for the Application of Isotope and Irradiation Technology -National Nuclear Energy Agency (CAIRT), Indonesia. Morphology and yield of M1 generation were observed. Results showed that irradiation at a dose of 10 Gy close to LD50 with survival rate 56%. Gamma irradiation at a dose of 10 Gy delayed seeds germination. Germination rates gradually increased and reached maximum at 4 weeks after planting (WAP) for control plants, and 14 WAP of irradiated plants. At 16 WAP, germination rate of 10 Gy irradiated plants was 56% and 84% for those of control plants. Irradiation induced chimera as indicated by short petiole, variegated and abnornal shape of leaflets. Some irradiated plants entered dormancy at 8-10 weeks later than control ones. Prolong vegetative periode lead the plants to produce heavier corms. This study revealed the possibility to induce variation of A. muelleri by using gamma irradition. Keywords: Amorphophallus muelleri, gamma irradiation (Co-60), morphological variation, mutation breedin

Cognitive functions in neurofibromatosis type 1 patients and unaffected siblings

Attention, learning, and perceptual problems have been reported at various degrees and rates in neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). We aimed to define the cognitive profiles frequently associated with NF1. Children and adolescents with NF1 (n=58) were tested using Wechsler Intelligence Scales for Children-Revised (WISC-R), Judgment of Line Orientation, and Bender Visual-Motor Gestalt tests. Comparison groups were unaffected siblings of NF1 patients (n=20), children with attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD, n=40), and normal children (n=40). No difference was found between familial or sporadic NF1 cases. Seventeen/58 (29%) of NF1 cases had a full scale IQ 80 (n=27) scored lower in WISC-R subtests measuring visual perception when compared to a healthy control group of similar intelligence, and lower in arithmetic but better in Bender-Gestalt and Judgment of Line Orientation tests when compared to an ADHD group of similar intelligence. These results indicate a high prevalence of mental retardation in a clinical NF1 series. NF1 patients who have normal intelligence may have impaired visual perception, but their visual perceptual problems are less than in ADHD. The tendency of unaffected siblings of NF1 patients to have mildly but consistently low test scores compared to healthy controls needs to be studied further for underlying genetic or environmental factors

Universal Correlators from Geometry

Matrix model correlators show universal behaviour at short distances. We provide a derivation for these universal correlators by inserting probe branes in the underlying effective geometry. We generalize these results to study correlators of branes and their universal behaviour in the Calabi-Yau crystals, where we find a role for a generalized brane insertion.Comment: 25 pages, 2 figure

Prediction method of inhomogeneous thermal flux loss in a magnet

Thermal flux loss (FL) is one of the important properties in applications of Nd-Fe-B magnets to electrical and electronic devices. FL is expected to occur inhomogeneously in magnets with a complex shape, because it depends on the strength of the local demagnetizing field. Thus, in terms of their applications, we need to predict the inhomogeneous FL from basic magnetic properties measured for a magnet with a simple shape such as a sphere. In this contribution, we propose a method of predicting inhomogeneous initial flux loss, FLint, in a magnet with a complex shape, and compare the predicted values of FLint with the measured ones for a model magnet. Consequently, the predicted and measured distributions agreed with each other. This result suggests that the proposed method can be applied to the prediction of FLint in magnets with a complicated shape used in electrical and electronic devices. c2006 American Institute of Physic