2-5 yaş arası çocuklarda erken çocukluk çürüklerine neden olan risk faktörleri

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the association of dietary habits and socioeconomic status for early childhood caries (ECC) among 2-5 years old children. Materials and Methods: A total of 200 children (aged 2-5 years) were examined for gender, dmft, dmfs, dietary and brushing habits, duration and contents of bottle feeding, number of family individuals, educational level and occupation of parents and socioeconomic status. Statistical analysis was performed by using NCSS 2007 software and one-way ANOVA, tukey test, t-test, chi-square test were performed between the groups. Results: According to the results, 62.7% of the children had a history of bottle-feeding. Gender, number of main meal and drinking milk before sleeping were positively and total income was negatively associated with bottle feeding (p=0.031, p=0.017, p=0.038, p=0.0001). For children which were using bottle, the mean average of dmf and dmfs scores were 9.88, 15.5 respectively. Statistically significant differences were found between dmf, dmfs scores and bottle feeding (p=0.0001). Only breast feeding, only feeding bottle and bottle with breast feeding were significantly associated with dmf and dmfs scores (p=0.0001). Anterior caries pattern was significantly high for bottle feeeding than only breast and bottle feeding and only breast feeding (p=0.0001). Socioeconomic status was found significantly associated with dmf and dmfs scores (p=0.004, p=0.036). Conclusion: ECC was more prevalent in preschool children especially who were in low socioeconomic status. It was concluded that night-time breast-feeding in children, using of a bottle at night and during the day correlated with the etiology of ECC.Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı 2-5 yaş arası çocuklarda erken çocukluk çürükleri (EÇÇ) ile beslenme alışkanlıkları ve sosyoekonomik durum arasındaki ilişkinin karşılaştırılmasıdır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Toplam 200 çocuk (2-5 yaş arası) cinsiyet, dmft, dmfs, beslenme ve fırçalama alışkanlıkları, biberon ile beslenme süresi ve biberon içeriği, ailede ki birey sayısı, anne ve babanın eğitim düzeyi ve iş durumu ile ailenin sosyoekonomik durumu gibi parametreler açısından değerlendirilmiştir. İstatistiksel değerlendirmede NCSS 2007 yazılımı kullanılmıştır; gruplar arası karşılaştırmalarda tek yönlü ANOVA, tukey testi, t-testi ile ki- kare testi uygulanmıştır. Bulgular: Çalışmanın sonucunda çocukların % 62.7’sinin biberonla beslenme öyküsü bulundu. Biberonla beslenme ile cinsiyet, ana öğün sayısı, uykudan önce süt içme sıklığı arasında pozitif; toplam gelir düzeyi arasında negatif yönde istatistiksel olarak anlamlılık bulundu (p=0.031, p=0.017, p=0.038, p=0.0001). Biberon kullanan çocuklarda ortalama dmf ve dmfs skoru sırasıyla 9.88, 15.5 olarak saptandı. Dmf ve dmfs skorları ile biberon kullanımı arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık bulundu (p=0.0001). Sadece anne sütü ile beslenme, sadece biberon ile beslenme ya da hem anne sütü hem de biberonla beslenme ile dmf ve dmfs skorları arasında istatistiksel anlamlılık saptandı (p=0.0001). Ön dişlerde çürük görülme sıklığının biberon ile beslenen çocuklarda, sadece anne sütü ile beslenen ya da her ikisi ile beslenen çocuklara oranla anlamlı derecede yüksek olduğu izlendi (p=0.0001). Sosyoekonomik durum ile dmf ve dmfs skorları arasında istatistiksel anlamlılık saptandı (p=0.004, p=0.036). Sonuç: EÇÇ’nin özellikle düşük sosyoekonomik durumu olan okul öncesi çocuklarda daha yaygın olarak gö- rüldüğü saptanmıştır. EÇÇ’nin etiyolojisinde; geceleri anne sütü ile beslenme, gece boyunca veya gün içerisinde biberon kullanımı önemli rol oynamaktadır

Antibacterial and Washing Resistance Improvement of Cotton Fabric Using Some Metal Oxides

Cu2O, CuO, ZnO-microparticles with different size and morphology directly influences their antimicrobial potential. In this study, the possible improvement of the antibacterial and washing resistance up to 20 washing cycles performance of 100% cotton fabrics were investigated. At high temperatures, carboxylic acids form ester-type crosslinking with cellulose molecules and provide antibacterial activity. For this purpose, carboxylic acids such as BTCA and CA were used in this study.The purpose of this research was to evaluate 1,2,3,4-butantetracarboxylic acid (BTCA) and citric acid monohydrate (CA) as an crosslinking agent for washing resistance of 100% cotton textile substrates against, Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 43300), Bacillus subtilis (NRRL NRS -744), Escherichia coli (ATCC 35218) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (ATCC 70063). Cupper oxide and zinc oxide were assimilated in the coating bath for the antibacterial property. BTCA concentration in the solutions influenced the antibacterial and washing properties of the cotton fabrics. The Fourier Transform Infra-Red -Attenuated Total Reflection (FTIR-ATR) spectra showed a new summit that confirmed the ester linkage formation and crosslinking reaction for application.Namik Kemal University Scientific Research Projects CommissionNamik Kemal University [NKUBAP.06, 16.064]This work was supported by the Namik Kemal University Scientific Research Projects Commission (NKUBAP.06.GA.16.064

Effects of traumatic dental injuries, malocclusions and dental caries on oral health-related quality of life in early childhood

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, travmatik diş yaralanmalarının (TDY) ve diş çürüğünün okul öncesi çocukların Ağız Sağlığı ile İlişkili Yaşam Kalitesi (OHRQoL) üzerindeki etkisini değerlendirmektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Ağız Sağlığı ile İlişkili Yaşam Kalitesini ölçmek için 206 okul öncesi çocuğun velisine 13 soruluk Erken Çocukluk Çağı Ağız Sağlığı Etki Ölçeği (ECOHIS) uygulanmıştır. Çocukların travmatik diş yaralanmaları, diş çürüğü (dmft skorları) ve ön bölge maloklüzyon özelliklerine bakılmıştır. Bulgular: Çocukların yaş ortalaması 4.09 ± 0.97 bulunmuştur. Diş çürüğü, Ağız Sağlığı ile İlişkili Yaşam Kalitesi üzerinde olumsuz bir etki göstermiştir. Diş çürüğü; Ağız Sağlığı ile İlişkili Yaşam Kalitesi ortalaması, semptomları, fonksiyonu, psikolojisi, ailesel sıkıntı ve aile fonksiyon alanları üzerinde olumsuz bir etki göstermiştir. Ön bölgede maloklüzyon varlığı sadece sosyal etkileşim alanı üzerinde olumsuz bir etki göstermiştir. Komplike travmatik diş yaralanmaları, komplike olmayan travmatik diş yaralanmalarına göre semptomlar açısından daha olumsuz bir etki göstermiştir. Sonuç: Travmatik dental yaralanma ve maloklüzyon gözlenen dişin varlığı, okul öncesi çocukların Ağız Sağlığı ile İlişkili Yaşam Kalitesi üzerinde yalnızca çocuk alanında olumsuz bir etkiye sahiptir; ancak, diş çürüğü, hem çocuk alanında hem aile alanında Ağız Sağlığı ile İlişkili Yaşam Kalitesi ile güçlü bir ilişkiye sahiptir.Background: The aim of this study was to assess the effect of traumatic dental injuries and dental caries on the Oral Health- Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) of preschool children. Methods: The 13 questions and six domains of Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS) were administered to 206 preschool children’s parents to measure Oral Health-Related Quality of Life. Type of traumatic dental injuries, dental caries (dmft scores), and anterior malocclusions traits of the children were recorded after the oral examination. Results: The children’s mean age was 4.09±0.97. Dental caries showed a negative impact on the overall Oral Health-Related Quality of Life mean and symptoms, function, psychological, parental distress, and family function domains. The presence of anterior malocclusion traits showed a negative effect only on the social interaction domain. Complicated traumatic dental injuries showed a negative effect on symptoms domain than uncomplicated traumatic dental injuries. Conclusion: Having a tooth with traumatic dental injuries and malocclusions have a negative impact on the Oral Health- Related Quality of Life of preschool children only one domain (child domain), although dental caries, has a strong association (child domain+family domain) with the Oral Health- Related Quality of Life of preschool children and their parents

Investigation of The Clinical and Microbiological Effects of Different Toothpastes: In-Vivo Study

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to compare the clinical, antibacterial and microbiological effects of the non-fluoride and fluoride toothpastes. Materials and Methods: In this study eighty children (3 to 12 years old) were divided into four groups and followed for four weeks. First and second groups (40 children, 6-12 years) used different fluoride toothpastes; third and fourth groups (40 children, 3-5 years) used nonfluoride toothpastes. The halitosis score, plaque index, gingival index, bleeding index, buffering capacities, Mutans Streptococci, Lactobacilli and yeast counts were recorded on 1st day, 7th day, 15th day and 30th day. First and second group; third and fourth group were compared with each other. Data were analyzed statistically by using Mann Whitney U tests, Wilcoxon Sign Test, Fisher Freeman Halton Exact Test and Mc Nemar Test with a significance level of p<0.05. Results: Statistically significant association was not found in the mean scores of halitosis, gingival index, plaque index, bleeding index, buffering capacity, Mutans Streptococci, Lactobacilli and yeast (p>0.05), between groups on first day. All four toothpastes produced statistically significant reductions from 1st day to 30th days in scores of halitosis, plaque index, gingival index, bleeding index and buffering capacity (p<0.01; p<0.05), within groups. Statistically significant reductions was found according to in Mutans Streptococci, counts from 1st day to 30th day for group 1, 2 and 3 (p<0.05); but was not found statistically significant changes in group 4 on the 30th days(p>0.05). Conclusion: All tested toothpastes proved to be safe and significantly effective clinical and microbiological features

Aquaporin 5 Interacts with Fluoride and Possibly Protects Against Caries

Aquaporins (AQP) are water channel proteins and the genes coding for AQP2, AQP5, and AQP6 are clustered in 12q13. Since AQP5 is expressed in serous acinar cells of salivary glands, we investigated its involvement in caries. DNA samples from 1,383 individuals from six groups were studied. Genotypes of eight single nucleotide polymorphisms covering the aquaporin locus were tested for association with caries experience. Interaction with genes involved in enamel formation was tested. The association between enamel microhardness at baseline, after creation of artificial caries lesion, and after exposure to fluoride and the genetic markers in AQP5 was tested. Finally, AQP5 expression in human whole saliva, after exposure to fluoride in a mammary gland cell line, which is known to express AQP5, and in Wistar rats was also verified. Nominal associations were found between caries experience and markers in the AQP5 locus. Since these associations suggested that AQP5 may be inhibited by levels of fluoride in the drinking water that cause fluorosis, we showed that fluoride levels above optimal levels change AQP5 expression in humans, cell lines, and rats. We have shown that AQP5 is involved in the pathogenesis of caries and likely interact with fluoride.Fil: Anjomshoaa, Ida. University of Pittsburgh; Estados UnidosFil: Briseño Ruiz, Jessica. University of Pittsburgh; Estados UnidosFil: Deeley, Kathleen. University of Pittsburgh; Estados UnidosFil: Poletta, Fernando Adrián. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. CEMIC-CONICET. Centro de Educaciones Médicas e Investigaciones Clínicas "Norberto Quirno". CEMIC-CONICET.; ArgentinaFil: Mereb, Juan C.. Provincia de Río Negro. Ministerio de Salud. Hospital de Área El Bolsón ; ArgentinaFil: Leite, Aline L.. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Barreta, Priscila A. T.. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Silva, Thelma L.. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Dizak, Piper. University of Pittsburgh; Estados UnidosFil: Ruff, Timothy. University of Pittsburgh; Estados UnidosFil: Patir, Asli. İstanbul Medipol Üniversitesi; TurquíaFil: Koruyucu, Mine. İstanbul Üniversitesi; TurquíaFil: Abbasoğlu, Zerrin. Yeditepe Üniversitesi; TurquíaFil: Casado, Priscila L.. Universidade Federal Fluminense; BrasilFil: Brown, Andrew. University of Pittsburgh; Estados UnidosFil: Zaky, Samer H.. University of Pittsburgh; Estados UnidosFil: Bayram, Merve. İstanbul Medipol Üniversitesi; TurquíaFil: Küchler, Erika C.. University of Pittsburgh; Estados UnidosFil: Cooper, Margaret E.. University of Pittsburgh; Estados UnidosFil: Liu, Kai. University of Pittsburgh; Estados UnidosFil: Marazita, Mary L.. University of Pittsburgh; Estados UnidosFil: Tanboğa, İlknur. Marmara Üniversitesi; TurquíaFil: Granjeiro, José M.. Universidade Federal Fluminense; Brasil. Instituto Nacional de Metrologia, Qualidade e Tecnologia; BrasilFil: Seymen, Figen. İstanbul Üniversitesi; TurquíaFil: Castilla, Eduardo Enrique. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. CEMIC-CONICET. Centro de Educaciones Médicas e Investigaciones Clínicas "Norberto Quirno". CEMIC-CONICET.; Argentina. Fundación Oswaldo Cruz; BrasilFil: Orioli, Iêda M.. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; BrasilFil: Sfeir, Charles. University of Pittsburgh; Estados UnidosFil: Owyang, Hongjiao. Marmara Üniversitesi; TurquíaFil: Rabelo Buzalaf, Marilia Afonso. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Vieira, Alexandre R.. University of Pittsburgh; Estados Unido

Novel frameshift mutations in DSPP cause dentin dysplasia type II

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/152795/1/odi13182.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/152795/2/odi13182_am.pd

Role of estrogen related receptor beta (ESRRB) in DFN35B hearing impairment and dental decay

BACKGROUND: Congenital forms of hearing impairment can be caused by mutations in the estrogen related receptor beta (ESRRB) gene. Our initial linkage studies suggested the ESRRB locus is linked to high caries experience in humans. METHODS: We tested for association between the ESRRB locus and dental caries in 1,731 subjects, if ESRRB was expressed in whole saliva, if ESRRB was associated with the microhardness of the dental enamel, and if ESRRB was expressed during enamel development of mice. RESULTS: Two families with recessive ESRRB mutations and DFNB35 hearing impairment showed more extensive dental destruction by caries. Expression levels of ESRRB in whole saliva samples showed differences depending on sex and dental caries experience. CONCLUSIONS: The common etiology of dental caries and hearing impairment provides a venue to assist in the identification of individuals at risk to either condition and provides options for the development of new caries prevention strategies, if the associated ESRRB genetic variants are correlated with efficacy.Fil: Weber, Megan L.. University of Pittsburgh; Estados UnidosFil: Hsin, Hong Yuan. University of Pittsburgh; Estados UnidosFil: Kalay, Ersan. Karadeniz Technical University; TurquíaFil: Brožková, Dana Š. Charles University; República Checa. University Hospital Motol; República ChecaFil: Shimizu, Takehiko. Nihon University. School of Dentistry; JapónFil: Bayram, Merve. Medipol Istanbul University; TurquíaFil: Deeley, Kathleen. University of Pittsburgh; Estados UnidosFil: Küchler, Erika C.. University of Pittsburgh; Estados UnidosFil: Forella, Jessalyn. University of Pittsburgh; Estados UnidosFil: Ruff, Timothy D.. University of Pittsburgh; Estados UnidosFil: Trombetta, Vanessa M.. University of Pittsburgh; Estados UnidosFil: Sencak, Regina C.. University of Pittsburgh; Estados UnidosFil: Hummel, Michael. University of Pittsburgh; Estados UnidosFil: Briseño Ruiz, Jessica. University of Pittsburgh; Estados UnidosFil: Revu, Shankar K.. University of Pittsburgh; Estados UnidosFil: Granjeiro, José M.. Universidade Federal Fluminense; BrasilFil: Antunes, Leonardo S.. Universidade Federal Fluminense; BrasilFil: Antunes, Livia A.. Universidade Federal Fluminense; BrasilFil: Abreu, Fernanda V.. Universidade Federal Fluminense; BrasilFil: Costabel, Marcelo C.. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; BrasilFil: Tannure, Patricia N.. Veiga de Almeida University; Brasil. Salgado de Oliveira University; BrasilFil: Koruyucu, Mine. Istanbul University; TurquíaFil: Patir, Asli. Medipol Istanbul University; TurquíaFil: Poletta, Fernando Adrián. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. CEMIC-CONICET. Centro de Educaciones Médicas e Investigaciones Clínicas ; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Mereb, Juan C.. Estudio Colaborativo Latino Americano de Malformaciones Congénitas; ArgentinaFil: Castilla, Eduardo Enrique. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. CEMIC-CONICET. Centro de Educaciones Médicas e Investigaciones Clínicas ; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Orioli, Iêda M.. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; BrasilFil: Marazita, Mary L.. University of Pittsburgh; Estados UnidosFil: Ouyang, Hongjiao. University of Pittsburgh; Estados UnidosFil: Jayaraman, Thottala. University of Pittsburgh; Estados UnidosFil: Seymen, Figen. Istanbul University; TurquíaFil: Vieira, Alexandre R.. University of Pittsburgh; Estados Unido

The Modified Shields Classification and 12 Families with Defined DSPP Mutations

Mutations in Dentin Sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) are known to cause, in order of increasing severity, dentin dysplasia type-II (DD-II), dentinogenesis imperfecta type-II (DGI-II), and dentinogenesis imperfecta type-III (DGI-III). DSPP mutations fall into two groups: a 5′-group that affects protein targeting and a 3′-group that shifts translation into the −1 reading frame. Using whole-exome sequence (WES) analyses and Single Molecule Real-Time (SMRT) sequencing, we identified disease-causing DSPP mutations in 12 families. Three of the mutations are novel: c.53T>C/p.(Val18Ala); c.3461delG/p.(Ser1154Metfs*160); and c.3700delA/p.(Ser1234Alafs*80). We propose genetic analysis start with WES analysis of proband DNA to identify mutations in COL1A1 and COL1A2 causing dominant forms of osteogenesis imperfecta, 5′-DSPP mutations, and 3′-DSPP frameshifts near the margins of the DSPP repeat region, and SMRT sequencing when the disease-causing mutation is not identified. After reviewing the literature and incorporating new information showing distinct differences in the cell pathology observed between knockin mice with 5′-Dspp or 3′-Dspp mutations, we propose a modified Shields Classification based upon the causative mutation rather than phenotypic severity such that patients identified with 5′-DSPP defects be diagnosed as DGI-III, while those with 3′-DSPP defects be diagnosed as DGI-II

Mutations in the pH-Sensing G-protein-Coupled Receptor GPR68 Cause Amelogenesis Imperfecta

Amelogenesis is the process of dental enamel formation, leading to the deposition of the hardest tissue in the human body. This process requires the intricate regulation of ion transport and controlled changes to the developing enamel matrix pH. The means by which the enamel organ regulates pH during amelogenesis is largely unknown. We identified rare homozygous variants in GPR68 in three families with Amelogenesis Imperfecta, a genetically and phenotypically heterogeneous group of inherited conditions associated with abnormal enamel formation. Each of these homozygous variants (a large in-frame deletion, a frameshift deletion and a missense) were predicted to result in loss of function. GPR68 encodes a proton sensing G-protein-coupled receptor with sensitivity in the pH range that occurs in the developing enamel matrix during amelogenesis. Immunohistochemistry of rat mandibles confirmed localisation of GPR68 in the enamel organ at all stages of amelogenesis. Our data identify a role for GPR68 as a proton sensor that is required for proper enamel formation