102 research outputs found
Análisis comparativo de la rentabilidad económica de una explotación de cultivos leñosos en secano y regadío
El objetivo de este trabajo es comparar la producción y la rentabilidad económica de una explotación de almendros en regadío y de secano en la comarca del Bajo Aragón, más concretamente en la localidad de Nonaspe (Bajo Aragón Caspe). Además se analiza el efecto que ha tenido el Plan Estratégico del Bajo Ebro Aragonés (PEBEA), sus objetivos y si mereció la pena incluirse en el, sobre la evolución de la rentabilidad y sobre la población de la zona de estudio
Application of Spatial Analysis to Identify the Location of Entrepreneurs Supported by the Regional Government in Andalusia (Spain)
In this work, spatial analysis was used to identify the locations of entrepreneurs supported by the regional government of Andalusia (Spain). The objective of this research is to study the effectiveness of the support work for entrepreneurship carried out by the Andalusians Entrepreneurship Centres (CADEs) in the autonomous community. As a first approach to this objective, the geographical situation of the supported entrepreneurs is determined, and how that situation influences the support for entrepreneurship is analysed. We use spatial pattern analysis techniques that allow us to assess the impact of these efforts. Attending to the areas of greater concentration as well as those of lower concentration, we conclude that CADEs are an effective instrument of the entrepreneurship policy in this region. In addition, by concentrating on rural and mountain areas, the work of CADEs contributes to the local development of these zones by supporting the development and sustainability of the business sector in areas with higher unemployment rates and a greater threat of depopulation. The study’s conclusions are relevant in showing the role of public administration in the development of European Union (EU) Objective 1 regions and, more specifically, in the support of entrepreneurship
Androgen and Estrogen Receptor Expression in Different Types of Perianal Gland Tumors in Male Dogs
Perianal gland tumors are modified sebaceous glands present in the skin of the perianal region in the dog. Hormonal stimulation may induce hyperplasia of the perianal glands or their neoplastic progression. The presence of androgen (AR) and estrogen (ER) receptors have been demonstrated both in normal perianal glands as well as in perianal tumors. The aim of the study was an immunohistochemical assessment of the expression of estrogen and androgen receptors in perianal gland tumors in dogs as an applicatory marker for antihormonal treatment. Biopsy samples of perianal masses were collected from 41 male dogs. A histopathological examination revealed 24 adenomas, 12 epitheliomas and five carcinomas. The immunohistochemical staining showed a mainly nuclear expression of AR and ER in the neoplastic cells. Both the androgen and estrogen receptors were expressed in adenoma, epithelioma and carcinoma cases; however, the highest expression of the receptors was stated in the adenoma and epithelioma. In the case of the carcinoma, the expression of sex hormone receptors was very weak. The differences of the number of cells expressing AR and ER as well as the observed differentiated intensity of staining in the studies demonstrated that the determination of the expression of the sex hormone receptors may be useful to elaborate a diagnostic and therapeutic algorithm
Mapping QTLs associated with fruit quality traits in peach Prunus persica (L.) Batsch using SNP maps
[EN] Fruit quality is an essential criterion used to select new cultivars in peach breeding programs and is determined based on a combination of organoleptic and nutritional traits. The aim of this study was to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for fruit quality traits in an F-1 nectarine population derived from 'Venus' and 'Big Top' cultivars. The progeny were evaluated over 4 years for agronomical and biochemical characteristics and genotyped using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers and 'IPSC 9K peach SNP array v1'. Two genetic maps were constructed using 411 markers. The 'Venus' map spanned 259 cM on nine linkage groups (LGs) with 104 markers. The 'Big Top' map spanned 464 cM on 10 LGs with 122 markers. Single or Multiple QTL models mapping was applied separately for each year and all years combined. A total of 54 QTLs mapped over 12 LGs belonged to seven peach chromosomes. Most of the QTLs were consistent over the 4 years of study and were validated with the multi-year analysis. QTLs for total phenolic, flavonoid, and anthocyanin contents were reported for the first time in peach. LG 4 in 'Venus' and LG 5 in 'Big Top' showed the highest numbers of QTLs. This work represents the first study in an F-1 nectarine family to identify peach genomic regions that control fruit quality traits using 'IPSC 9K SNP array v1' and provides useful information for marker-assisted breeding to produce peaches with better antioxidant content and healthy attributes.We are grateful to C.H. Crisosto (University of California, Davis) for providing SSR markers (UCDCH15 and BINEPPCU6377). We thank E. Sierra and S. Segura for the technical assistance and plant management in the field and N. Ksouri for the bioinformatic assistance. We are grateful to A. Casas and E. Igartua for the assistance and support with the statistical analysis using JoinMap (R) 4 software. This study was funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO) grants AGL-2008-00283, AGL2011-24576, and AGL2014-52063-R and was co-funded by the FEDER and the Regional Government of Aragon (A44) with European Social Fund. W. Abidi was supported by a JAE-Pre fellowship from the Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC), which enabled him to visit the University of California, Davis, and the IBMCP, Valencia, Spain. J.L. Zeballos received a master fellow funded by the Spanish Agency for International Cooperation and Development (AECID).Zeballos, JL.; Adibi, W.; Giménez Millán, R.; Monforte Gilabert, AJ.; Moreno, MA.; Gogorcena, Y. (2016). Mapping QTLs associated with fruit quality traits in peach Prunus persica (L.) Batsch using SNP maps. Tree Genetics and Genomes. 12(3):1-17. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11295-016-0996-9S117123Abbott AG, Rajapakse S, Sosinski B, Lu ZX, Sossey-Alaoui K, Gannavarapu M, Reighard G, Ballard RE, Baird WV, Scorza R, Callahan A (1998) Construction of saturated linkage maps of peach crosses segregating for characters controlling fruit quality, tree architecture and pest resistance. Acta Hortic 465:41–50Abidi W, Jiménez S, Moreno MÁ, Gogorcena Y (2011) Evaluation of antioxidant compounds and total sugar content in a nectarine [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] progeny. Int J Mol Sci 12:6919–6935Abidi W, Cantín C, Gonzalo MJ, Moreno MA, Gogorcena Y (2012) Genetic control and location of QTLs involved in antioxidant capacity and fruit quality traits in peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batch]. Acta Hortic 962:129–134Abidi W, Cantín CM, Jiménez S, Giménez R, Moreno MA, Gogorcena Y (2015) Effect of antioxidant compounds and total sugars and genetic background on the chilling injury susceptibility of a non-melting peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] progeny. J Sci Food Agric 95:351–358Albrechtsen A, Nielsen FC, Nielsen R (2010) Ascertainment biases in SNP chips affect measures of population divergence. Mol Biol Evol 11:2534–2547Arús P, Verde I, Sosinski B, Zhebentyayeva T, Abbott AG (2012) The peach genome. Tree Genet Genomes 8:531–547Boeing H, Bechthold A, Bub A, Ellinger S, Haller D, Kroke A, Leschik-Bonnet E, Müller MJ et al (2012) Critical review: vegetables and fruit in the prevention of chronic diseases. Eur J Nutr 51:637–663Brem RB, Kruglyak L (2005) The landscape of genetic complexity across 5,700 gene expression traits in yeast. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 102:1572–1577Broman KW, Saunak S (2009) A guide to QTL mapping with R/qtl. Statistic for biology and health. Springer, New York. doi: 10.1007/978-0-387-92125-9Broman KW, Wu H, Sen Ś, Churchill GA (2003) R/qtl: QTL mapping in experimental crosses. Bioinformatics 19:889–890Byrne DH, Raseira MB, Bassi D, Piagnani MC, Gasic K, Moreno MA, Pérez S (2012) Peach. In: Badenes ML, Byrne DH (eds) Fruit breeding, vol 8. Handbook of plant breeding, vol 8. Springer, New York, pp 505–569Cantín CM, Gogorcena Y, Moreno MA (2009a) Analysis of phenotypic variation of sugar profile in different peach and nectarine [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] breeding progenies. J Sci Food Agric 89:1909–1917Cantín CM, Moreno MA, Gogorcena Y (2009b) Evaluation of the antioxidant capacity, phenolic compounds, and vitamin C content of different peach and nectarine [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] breeding progenies. J Agric Food Chem 57:4586–4592Cantín CM, Crisosto CH, Ogundiwin EA, Gradziel T, Torrents J, Moreno MA, Gogorcena Y (2010a) Chilling injury susceptibility in an intra-specific peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] progeny. Postharvest Biol Technol 58:79–87Cantín CM, Gogorcena Y, Moreno MA (2010b) Phenotypic diversity and relationships of fruit quality traits in peach and nectarine [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] breeding progenies. Euphytica 171:211–226Crisosto CH (2002) How do we increase peach consumption? Acta Hortic 592:601–605Chagné D, Krieger C, Rassam M, Sullivan M, Fraser J, André C, Pindo M, Troggio M, Gardiner SE, Henry RA, Allan AC, McGhie TK, Laing WA (2012) QTL and candidate gene mapping for polyphenolic composition in apple fruit. BMC Plant Biol 12:1–16Chaparro JX, Werner DJ, O’Malley D, Sederoff RR (1994) Targeted mapping and linkage analysis of morphological isozyme, and RAPD markers in peach. Theor Appl Genet 87:805–815Da Silva Linge C, Bassi D, Bianco L, Pacheco I, Pirona R, Rossini L (2015) Genetic dissection of fruit weight and size in an F2 peach (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch) progeny. Mol Breed 35:71Davey MW, Kenis K, Keulemans J (2006) Genetic control of fruit vitamin C contents. Plant Physiol 142:343–351Dirlewanger E, Pronier V, Parvery C, Rothan C, Guye A, Monet R (1998) Genetic linkage map of peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] using morphological and molecular markers. Theor Appl Genet 97:888–895Dirlewanger E, Moing A, Rothan C, Svanella L, Pronier V, Guye A, Plomion C, Monet R (1999) Mapping QTLs controlling fruit quality in peach (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch). Theor Appl Genet 98(1):18–31Dirlewanger E, Graziano E, Joobeur T, Garriga-Calderé F, Cosson P, Howad W, Arús P (2004) Comparative mapping and marker-assisted selection in Rosaceae fruit crops. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 101:9891–9896Dirlewanger E, Cosson P, Renaud C, Monet R, Poëssel JL, Moing A (2006) New detection of QTLs controlling major fruit quality components in peach. Acta Hortic 713:65–72Dirlewanger E, Quero-García J, Le Dantec L, Lambert P, Ruiz D, Dondini L, Illa E, Quilot-Turion B, Audergon JM, Tartarini S, Letourmy P, Arús P (2012) Comparison of the genetic determinism of two key phenological traits, flowering and maturity dates, in three Prunus species: peach, apricot and sweet cherry. Heredity 109:280–292Eduardo I, Pacheco I, Chietera G, Bassi D, Pozzi C, Vecchietti A, Rossini L (2011) QTL analysis of fruit quality traits in two peach intraspecific populations and importance of maturity date pleiotropic effect. Tree Genet Genomes 7:323–335Eduardo I, Chietera G, Pirona R, Pacheco I, Troggio M, Banchi E, Bassi D, Rossini L, Vecchietti A, Pozzi C (2013) Genetic dissection of aroma volatile compounds from the essential oil of peach fruit: QTL analysis and identification of candidate genes using dense SNP maps. Tree Genet Genomes 9:189–204Eduardo I, López-Girona E, BatlIe I, Reig G, Iglesias I, Howad W, Arús P, Aranzana MJ (2014) Development of diagnostic markers for selection of the subacid trait in peach. Tree Genet Genomes 10:1695–1709Eduardo I, Picañol R, Rojas E, BatlIe I, Howad W, Aranzana MJ, Arús P (2015) Mapping of a major gene for the slow ripening character in peach: co-location with the maturity date gene and development of a candidate gene-based diagnostic marker for its selection. Euphytica 205:627–636Etienne C, Rothan C, Moing A, Plomion C, Bodénès C, Svanella-Dumas L, Cosson P, Pronier V, Monet R, Dirlewanger E (2002) Candidate genes and QTLs for sugar and organic acid content in peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch]. Theor Appl Genet 105:145–159FAOSTAT (2015) Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. http://faostat.fao.org/site/291/default.aspx . Accessed 1 August 2015Font i Forcada C, Oraguzie N, Igartua E, Moreno MA, Gogorcena Y (2013) Population structure and marker-trait associations for pomological traits in peach and nectarine cultivars. Tree Genet Genomes 9:331–349Fresnedo-Ramírez J, Bink MCAM, van der Weg E, Famula TR, Crisosto CH, Frett TJ, Gasic K, Peace CP, Gradziel TM (2015) QTL mapping of pomological traits in peach and related species breeding germplasm. Mol Breed 35:166Frett T, Reighard G, Okie W, Gasic K (2014) Mapping quantitative trait loci associated with blush in peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch]. Tree Genet Genomes 10:367–381GDR (2015) Genome database for Rosaceae. http://www.rosaceae.org/species/prunus_persica/genome_v1.0 . Accessed 13 Nov 2015Grattapaglia D, Sederoff R (1994) Genetic linkage maps of Eucalyptus grandis and Eucalyptus urophylla using a pseudo-testcross: mapping strategy and RAPD markers. Genetics 137:1121–1137Illa E, Eduardo I, Audergon JM, Barale F, Dirlewanger E, Li X, Moing A, Lambert P, Le Dantec L, Gao Z, Poëssel JL, Pozzi C, Rossini L, Vecchietti A, Arús P, Howad W (2011) Saturating the Prunus (stone fruits) genome with candidate genes for fruit quality. Mol Breed 28(4):667–682Infante R, Farcuh M, Meneses C (2008) Monitoring the sensorial quality and aroma through an electronic nose in peaches during cold storage. J Sci Food Agric 88:2073–2078Jáuregui B, De Vicente MC, Messeguer R, Felipe A, Bonnet A, Salesses G, Arús P (2001) A reciprocal translocation between ‘Garfi’ almond and ‘Nemared’ peach. Theor Appl Genet 102:1169–1176Martin C, Zhang Y, Tonelli C, Petroni K (2013) Plants, diet, and health. Annu Rev Plant Biol 64:19–46Martínez-García PJ, Fresnedo-Ramírez J, Parfitt DE, Gradziel TM, Crisosto CH (2013a) Effect prediction of identified SNPs linked to fruit quality and chilling injury in peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch]. Plant Mol Biol 81:161–174Martínez-García PJ, Parfitt DE, Ogundiwin EA, Fass J, Chan HM, Ahmad R, Lurie S, Dandekar A, Gradziel TM, Crisosto CH (2013b) High density SNP mapping and QTL analysis for fruit quality characteristics in peach (Prunus persica L.). Tree Genet Genomes 9:19–36Nielsen R, Hubisz MJ, Clark AG (2004) Reconstituting the frequency spectrum of ascertained single-nucleotide polymorphism data. Genetics 168:2373–2382Nuñez-Lillo G, Cifuentes-Esquivel A, Troggio M, Micheletti D, Rodrigo Infante R, Campos-Vargas R, Orellana A, Blanco-Herrera F, Meneses C (2015) Identification of candidate genes associated with mealiness and maturity date in peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] using QTL analysis and deep sequencing. Tree Genet Genomes 1:86Ogundiwin EA, Peace CP, Gradziel TM, Parfitt DE, Bliss FA, Crisosto CH (2009) A fruit quality gene map of Prunus. BMC Genomics 10:587Orazem P, Stampar F, Hudina M (2011) Quality analysis of ‘Redhaven’ peach fruit grafted on 11 rootstocks of different genetic origin in a replant soil. Food Chem 124(4):1691–1698Pacheco I, Bassi D, Eduardo I, Ciacciulli A, Pirona R, Rossini L, Vecchietti A (2014) QTL mapping for brown rot (Monilinia fructigena) resistance in an intraspecific peach (Prunus persica L. Batsch) F1 progeny. Tree Genet Genomes 10:1223–1242. doi: 10.1007/s11295-014-0756-7Peace C, Norelli J (2009) Genomics approaches to crop improvement in the Rosaceae. In: Folta KM, Gardiner SE (eds) Genetics and genomics of Rosaceae, vol 6. Plant genetics and genomics: crops and models. Springer, New York, pp 19–53Pirona R, Eduardo I, Pacheco I, Da Silva Linge C, Miculan M, Verde I, Tartarini S, Dondini L, Giorgio Pea G, Daniele Bassi D, Rossini L (2013) Fine mapping and identification of a candidate gene for a major locus controlling maturity date in peach. BMC Plant Biol 3:166Quarta R, Dettori MT, Sartori A, Verde I (2000) Genetic linkage map and QTL analysis in peach. Acta Hortic 521:233–242Quilot B, Wu BH, Kervella J, Génard M, Foulongne M, Moreau K (2004) QTL analysis of quality traits in an advanced backcross between Prunus persica cultivars and the wild relative species P. davidiana. Theor Appl Genet 109:884–897Romeu J, Monforte AJ, Sánchez G, Granell A, García-Brunton J, Badenes M, Ríos G (2014) Quantitative trait loci affecting reproductive phenology in peach. BMC Plant Biol 14:52Ru S, Main D, Evans K, Peace C (2015) Current applications, challenges, and perspectives of marker-assisted seedling selection in Rosaceae tree fruit breeding. Tree Genet Genomes 11:8Salazar JA, Ruiz D, Egea J, Martínez-Gómez P (2013) Transmission of fruit quality traits in apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) and analysis of linked quantitative trait loci (QTLs) using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Plant Mol Biol Rep 31:1506–1517. doi: 10.1007/s11105-013-0625-9Sánchez G, Besada C, Badenes ML, Monforte AJ, Granell A (2012) A non-targeted approach unravels the volatile network in peach fruit. PLoS One 7(6), e38992Sánchez G, Romeu J, García J, Monforte AJ, Badenes M, Granell A (2014) The peach volatilome modularity is reflected at the genetic and environmental response levels in a QTL mapping population. BMC Plant Biology 14:137Steemers FJ, Chang W, Lee G, Barker DL, Shen R, Gunderson KL (2006) Whole-genome genotyping with the single-base extension assay. Nat Methods 3(1):31–33. doi: 10.1038/nmeth842Van Ooijen JW (1992) Accuracy of mapping quantitative trait loci in autogamous species. Theor Appl Genet 84:803–811Van Ooijen JW (2006) JoinMap 4, software for the calculation of genetic linkage maps in experimental populations. Kyazma B.V., Wageningen, NetherlandsVerde I, Quarta R, Cedrola C, Dettori MT (2002) QTL analysis of agronomic traits in a BC1 peach population. Acta Hortic 592:291–297Verde I, Bassil N, Scalabrin S, Gilmore B, Lawley CT, Gasic K, Micheletti D, Rosyara UR, Cattonaro F, Vendramin E, Main D, Aramini V, Blas AL, Mockler TC, Bryant DW, Wilhelm L, Troggio M, Sosinski B, Aranzana MJ, Arús P, Iezzoni A, Morgante M, Peace C (2012) Development and evaluation of a 9k SNP array for peach by internationally coordinated SNP detection and validation in breeding germplasm. PLoS One 7(4), e35668Verde I, Abbott AG, Scalabrin S, Jung S, Shu SQ, Marroni F, Zhebentyayeva T, et al. (Int Peach Genome I) (2013) The high-quality draft genome of peach (Prunus persica) identifies unique patterns of genetic diversity, domestication and genome evolution. Nat Genet 45:487-U447Verdu CF, Guyot S, Childebrand N, Bahut M, Celton JM, Gaillard S, Lasserre-Zuber P, Troggio M, Guilet D, Laurens F (2014) QTL analysis and candidate gene mapping for the polyphenol content in cider apple. PLoS One 9(10), e107103Vizzotto M, Porter W, Byrne D, Luis Cisneros-Zevallos L (2014) Polyphenols of selected peach and plum genotypes reduce cell viability and inhibit proliferation of breast cancer cells while not affecting normal cells. Food Chem 164:363–370Voorrips RE (2002) MapChart: software for the graphical presentation of linkage maps and QTLs. J Hered 93:77–78Wargovich MJ, Morris J, Moseley V, Weber R, Byrne DH (2012) Developing fruit cultivars with enhanced health properties, in fruit breeding. In: Badenes ML, Byrne DH (eds) Fruit breeding, vol 8, Handbook of plant breeding. Springer, New York, pp 37–68Yang J, Hu Ch, Hu H, Yu R, Xia Z, Ye X, Zhu J (2008) QTLNetwork: mapping and visualizing genetic architecture of complex traits in experimental populations. Bioinformatics 24(5):721–723Yang N, Reighard G, Ritchie D, Okie W, Gasic K (2013) Mapping quantitative trait loci associated with resistance to bacterial spot (Xanthomonas arboricola pv. pruni) in peach. Tree Genet Genomes 9:573–586Zeballos J (2012) Identification of genomic region related to fruit quality traits in peach. Universidad de Lleida, Zaragoza, SpainZeballos J, Abidi W, Giménez R, Monforte AJ, Moreno MA, Gogorcena Y (2015) QTL analysis of fruit quality traits in peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] using dense SNP maps. Acta Hortic 1084:703–710Zhebentyayeva TN, Swire-Clark G, Georgi LL, Garay L, Jung S, Forrest S, Blenda AV, Blackmon B, Mook J, Horn R, Howad W, Arús P, Main D, Tomkins JP, Sosinski B, Baird WV, Reighard GL, Abbott AG (2008) A framework physical map for peach, a model Rosaceae species. Tree Genet Genomes 4:745–756Zhebentyayeva TN, Fan S, Chandra A, Bielenberg DG, Reighard GL, Okie WR, Abbott AG (2014) Dissection of chilling requirement and bloom date QTLs in peach using a whole genome sequencing of sibling trees from an F2 mapping population. Tree Genet Genomes 10:35–5
Iniltration vs. instillation of ropivacaine 7.5% in radical mastectomies for postoperative analgesia
Objective: Determining the effectiveness of iniltration versus instillation with 7.5% ropivacaine in reducing the intensity of postoperative pain in patients undergoing a radical mastectomy. Material and methods: Clinical, prospective, and comparative analytical study in a sample of 20 female patients between 20 and 60 years of age, ASA I and II, weight 50-90 kg, who were divided into 2 groups (10 patients each). In Group 1 infiltration with ropivacaine 7.5% (20 ml) was applied prior to closure of the surgical wound, meanwhile in Group 2 ropivacaine 7.5% (20 ml), was instilled into the surgical wound. P ain intensity was assessed by a visual analog scale (V AS) upon extubation. The need for rescue medication and the incidence of nausea and vomiting were measured from 0 to 30 minutes postoperatively and at 2, 4, 8 and 12 hours. Results: There was no statistical difference between the groups (only the group managed through iniltration required rescue medications), but the iniltration group had a lower perception of pain. Conclusions: This study reported the same eficacy of preventive treatment of postoperative pain in patients who underwent radical mastectomy for instillation and iniltration with 7.5%
ropivacaine and little need for rescue medication postoperatively
A combination of photodynamic therapy and antimicrobial compounds to treat skin and mucosal infections: A systematic review
Background:
Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) is a growing approach to treat skin and mucosal infections. Despite its effectiveness, investigators have explored whether aPDT can be further combined with antibiotics and antifungal drugs.
Objective:
To systematically assess the in vivo studies on the effectiveness of combinations of aPTD plus antimicrobials in the treatment of cutaneous and mucosal infections. Materials and methods: Searches were performed in four databases (PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane library databases, ClinicaTrials.gov) until July 2018. The pooled information was evaluated according to the PRISMA guidelines.
Results:
11 full-text articles were finally evaluated and included. The best aPDT combinations involved 5-aminolevulinic acid or phenothiazinium dye-based aPDT. In general, the combination shows benefits such as reducing treatment times, lowering drug dosages, decreasing drug toxicity, improving patient compliance and diminishing the risk of developing resistance. The mechanism of action may be that first aPDT damages the microbial cell wall or membrane, which allows better penetration of the antimicrobial drug.
Limitations:
The number of studies was low, the protocols used were heterogeneous, and there was a lack of clinical trials.
Conclusions:
The additive or synergistic effect of aPDT combined with antimicrobials could be promising to manage skin and mucosal infections, helping to overcome the microbial drug resistance
Importance of specialized paediatric and neonatal transport. Current situation in Spain: Towards a more equitable and universal future
Transporte neonatal; Transporte interhospitalario; Cuidados críticosNeonatal transport; Interfacility transport; Critical careTransport neonatal; Transport interhospitalari; Cures crítiquesEl transporte pediátrico y neonatal especializado es un recurso útil y esencial en el traslado interhospitalario de estos pacientes. Permite acercar los recursos materiales y personales de una unidad de cuidados intensivos a los hospitales comarcales donde se pueda encontrar el paciente. Los beneficios de estos equipos están muy bien demostrados en la literatura. Estas unidades deberían formar parte de los sistemas de emergencias, al mismo tiempo que sería recomendable que estuvieran constituidas por personal integrado en los hospitales terciarios con el fin de mantener las habilidades y competencias necesarias. El equipo, compuesto por médicos, enfermeros y técnicos de emergencias sanitarias, tiene que dominar tanto la fisiopatología del transporte como la del paciente crítico en este rango de edad. Es importante una alta calidad tanto humana como asistencial, por lo que la formación continuada y el reciclaje periódico serán imprescindibles para poder cumplir correctamente con los indicadores de calidad en transporte. Así mismo, es fundamental contar con vehículos propios y adaptados a su función, que permitan llevar la gran variedad de material necesario, así como la electromedicina que se requiere. Sin embargo, en España este modelo de transporte pediátrico y neonatal no está estandarizado y por lo tanto no es homogéneo: existen diferentes modelos que no siempre aportan una adecuada calidad, siendo necesaria la implantación de unidades especializadas en todo el país para garantizar un transporte sanitario de calidad a cualquier niño o neonato crítico.Specialized paediatric and neonatal transport is a useful and essential resource in the interhospital transfer of these patients. It allows bringing the material and personal resources of an intensive care unit closer to the regional hospitals where the patient can be found. The benefits of these teams are very well demonstrated in the literature. These units should be part of the emergency systems, while it would be recommended that they would be staff integrated in the tertiary hospitals, in order to maintain the necessary skills and competencies. The team, made up of physicians, nurses and emergency medical technicians, must master both the pathophysiology of transport and that of the critical patient in this age range. A high-quality of both human and care is important, so continuous training and periodic recycling will be essential to be compliant with the quality indicators in transport. Likewise, it is essential to have specific vehicles adapted to this function, which allow carrying the wide variety of necessary material, as well as the electromedicine that is required. However, in Spain this paediatric and neonatal transport model is not standardized and, therefore, is not homogeneous: there are different models that do not always provide adequate quality, making it necessary to implement specialized units throughout the country to guarantee sanitary transport quality to any critical child or neonate
Ring-Opening Polymerization of L-Lactide Catalyzed by Potassium-Based Complexes: Mechanistic Studies
Two non-toxic potassium compounds, 1 and 2, with a commercial oximate ligand have been prepared and fully spectroscopically characterized. Their activity as catalysts for the ring-opening polymerization (ROP) process of LLA has been studied, showing that they are extremely active and able to polymerize the monomer in a few minutes. For derivative 2, the presence of a crown ether in the potassium coordination sphere affects the nuclearity of the compound and consequently its solubility, with both aspects having an influence in the polymerization process. Detailed studies of the polymerization mechanism have been performed, and an unusual anionic mechanism was observed in absence of a co-initiator. Indeed, the monomer deprotonation generates a lactide enolate, which initiates the polymerization propagation. On the contrary, when a 1:1 ratio of cat:BnOH is used, a mixture of mechanisms is observed, the anionic mechanism and the activated monomer one, while from a cat:BnOH ratio of 1:2 and over, only the activated monomer mechanism is observed
Stress compensation by gap monolayers for stacked InAs/GaAs quantum dots solar cells
In this work we report the stacking of 10 and 50 InAs quantum dots layers using 2 monolayers of GaP for stress compensation and a stack period of 18 nm on GaAs (001) substrates. Very good structural and optical quality is found in both samples. Vertical alignment of the dots is observed by transmission electron microscopy suggesting the existence of residual stress around them. Photocurrent measurements show light absorption up to 1.2 μm in the nanostructures together with a reduction in the blue response of the device. As a result of the phosphorus incorporation in the barriers, a very high thermal activation energy (431 meV) has also been obtained for the quantum dot emission
- …