408 research outputs found
Components of Identity Expression in Problem and Non-Problem Gamblers.
Few studies have examined whether specific aspects of group identification predict problematic and non-problematic addictive behaviours and none have focused on gambling. Applying Leach et al.’s (2008) hierarchical model of in-group identification, we tested the associations between components of self-investment (satisfaction, solidarity, and centrality) and components of self-definition (individual self-stereotyping, in-group homogeneity) on distinguishing between problem and non-problem gambling (n = 10,157) and on the severity of problematic gambling behaviour (n = 2,568). Results showed that (i) in-group-based identities are important in predicting problematic vs. non-problematic gambling behaviours; (ii) in-group-based identities are important in predicting the severity of problematic gambling; (iii) how self-invested an individual is with their in-group and aspects associated with self-definition processes are both important predictors; (iv) perceptions related to how chronically salient one’s group membership is for the self (centrality) are essential features of the self-investment mechanism; and (v) self-stereotypical beliefs about one’s essential similarities to the prototypical gambling group member norm are fundamental for the defining oneself as a gambler
Effects of different operating conditions on sediment slurry sequencing batch reactors treating marine port sediments contaminated by PAHs
Due to intensive anthropic activities, marine port sediments are often contaminated by organic pollutants like polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which represent a significant environmental threat. In this study, two sediment slurry sequencing batch reactors (SS-SBRs) were used to biologically degrade a mixture of PAHs (namely fluorene, phenanthrene, fluoranthene and pyrene) from marine sediments dredged from Cagliari (Italy) and El Kantaoui (Tunisia) ports. To enhance PAHs removal by biostimulation, nutrients were added in both sediments, acetate was used as co-substrate (El Kantaoui, SS-SBR1), and saponins were used as surfactants (Cagliari, SS-SBR2). Moreover, different levels of contamination (up to 200 mgPAHtot/kgdw in SS-SBR1; up to 400 mgPAHtot/kgdw in SS-SBR2) and solid to liquid ratios (S/L, up to 0.2 in SS-SBR1; up to 0.1 in SS-SBR2) were applied. As to SS-SBR1, the highest removal efficiencies (99-100% and 98-100% for 3- and 4-ring PAHs, respectively) were achieved when the level of contamination and S/L were set at 200 mgPAH-tot/kgdw and 0.1, 150 mgPAH-tot/kgdw and 0.13, and 150 mgPAH-tot/kgdw and 0.20, respectively; as to SS-SBR2, very high removal efficiencies (99÷100% and 98÷100% for 3- and 4-ring PAHs, respectively) were observed during the whole experimental campaign. Such results are promising and provide a useful background for testing other important operating parameters (e.g., the volumetric exchange ratio)
Cryptic Chromosome Rearrangements in Five Patients, with Normal and/or Abnormal Karyotypes, Associated with Mental Retardation, Autism and/or Epilepsy, Detected by BAC Genome Array-CGH
This report describes the usefulness of the BAC genome array-CGH platform in the detection of cryptic rearrangements. We examined ten patients with normal and/or abnormal karyotypes and dysmorphic features, associated with mental retardation, autism and/or epilepsy. This approach led us to discover further cryptic chromosomal rearrangements, not previously detected by conventional cytogenetic procedures, and allowed us to better delineate genotype/phenotype correlation. Our experience shows the validity of the BAC platform as a reliable method for genome-wide screening of chromosomal aberrations in patient with idiopathic mental retardation and/or in association with autism and epilepsy
Utilidad de la reconstrucción tridimensional con tomografía computarizada en Traumatología y Ortopedia
La reconstrucción tridimensional es una nuev a técnica diagnóstica introducida
en cirugía ortopédica y traumatología. Está indicada en algunas fracturas de
acetábulo, columna y pelvis porque facilita una visión desde diferente s ángulos y en
determinadas lesiones congénitas donde es imprescindible una correcta evaluación preoperatoria.
Presentamo s dos paciente s con fracturas acetabulares, otro con lesión me -
tastásica en columna lumbar y otro con hipoplasia del arco neural de cuarta vértebra
lumbar. La reconstrucción tridimensional fue útil para el definitivo diagnóstico en los
cuatro pacientes.Three dimensional images is a new technique introduced in orthopaedic
surgery and traumatology. It's indicated for some fractures of the acetabulum, spine or
pelvic girdle becaus e supply a vision from differents angles and in determinated congenital
damage s who is indispensable an accurate evaluation before the surgery. We presented
two patients with acetabular fractures, other with a metastasi c tumour in lumbar
spine and anothe r with a hipoplasti c neural arch in a lumbar vertebra. The thre e
dimensional reconstruction was useful for the definitive diagnostic in the four patients
Fracturas epifisiolisis graves de la extremidad proximal del radio: resultado tras tratamiento quirúrgico
La fractura-epifisiolisis del cuello radial es una lesión grave que puede
originar alteracione s en e l crecimiento epifisario. Presentamo s una seri e de 22 casos
revisados con una antigüedad mínima de dos años. Fueron intervenidos 14 pacientes,
de los que 10 estaban incluidos en el grupo III o en lesione s de Jeffery. Once enfermos
fueron tratado s con cirugí a abierta. Cuando l a intervenció n consisti ó en reducció n
abierta y osteosíntesis, los resultados clínicos fueron buenos en el 50%, pero cuando só-
lo se practicó reducción cruenta sin asociar sistema estabilizador metálico, éstos llegaron
al 100%. En cinco de los ocho paciente s del primer grupo se presentaron calcificacione
s articulares y en dos, epifisiodesis. En el segundo grupo no aparecieron ninguna
de éstas alteraciones. Creemos que en los casos de fracturas epifisiolisis del cuello radial
en niños con gran desplazamiento, el tratamiento ideal es la cuidadosa reducción
cruenta evitando fijación con aguja.The fracture epiphysiolysis of radial neck is a grave lesion which may
induc e epiphysea l grown disturbances. A review of 22 case s suffering such fracture s
was carried out with a mean follow-up of 2 years. Of the total, 14 cases wer e treated by
surgery, 10 of thes e showing either type III or Jeffery's fractures. Eleven patients reequired
open reduction. In 50% of the cases treated by open reduction and internal fixation,
the clinical results wer e satisfactory. When internal fixation was not used, the satisfactory
results reached 100%. Five of the 8 cases of the firt groups developed periarticular
ossifications and 2 othe r showed epiphyseal closening. Thes e type of complications
wer e not seen in the second group. For epiphysiolysis of the radial neck with sever
e displacement. The ideal treatment seems to be a careful open reduction avoiding
internal fixation
Sarcoma de Partes Blandas como Hallazgo Casual: a Propósito de Cuatro Observaciones
Se presentan en este trabajo cuatro pacientes con sarcoma s de partes blandas
que fueron diagnosticados de fibrohistiocitoma maligno, osteosarcoma extraesquelético, sarcoma
sinovial y sarcoma indiferenciado. En todos ellos el tumor fué un hallazgo casual apreciado
en exploraciones orientadas hacia otros procesos por los que acudieron al hospital. Se insiste
en el diagnóstico precoz y en el correcto tratamiento de este tipo de sarcomas y se recomienda
la punción biopsia ante la presencia de tumoraciones blandas con crecimiento progresivo, aún
sin otro tipo de sintomatología.Th e author s hav e colecte d fou r patients diagnose d o f Soft tissu e Sar -
comas. Th e histologica l diagnosis was, malignan t fibrou s histiocytoma , extraskele -
t a l osteosarcoma , synovia l sarcom a an d no-differentiate d sarcoma . Al l o f the m th e
tu
m o r wa s a casua l findin g durin g th e exploratio n suspectin g othe r pathology . The y
emphasiz e a t th e earl y diagnosis an d correc t managemen t o f this typ e o f sarcomas,
a s wel l a s th e needl e biops y (close d biopsy ) o f soft tumor s wit h progresiv e growth ,
even without clinical symptoms
When data sharing gets close to 100%. What human paleogenetics can teach the open science movement
This study analyzes data sharing regarding mitochondrial, Y chromosomal and autosomal polymorphisms in a total of 162 papers on ancient human DNA published between 1988 and 2013. The estimated sharing rate was not far from totality (97.6% ± 2.1%) and substantially higher than observed in other fields of genetic research (evolutionary, medical and forensic genetics). Both a questionnaire-based survey and the examination of Journals’ editorial policies suggest that this high sharing rate cannot be simply explained by the need to comply with stakeholders requests. Most data were made available through body text, but the use of primary databases increased in coincidence with the introduction of complete mitochondrial and next-generation sequencing methods. Our study highlights three important aspects. First, our results imply that researchers’ awareness of the importance of openness and transparency for scientific progress may complement stakeholders’ policies in achieving very high sharing rates. Second, widespread data sharing does not necessarily coincide with a prevalent use of practices which maximize data findability, accessibility, useability and preservation. A detailed look at the different ways in which data are released can be very useful to detect failures to adopt the best sharing modalities and understand how to correct them. Third and finally, the case of human paleogenetics tells us that a widespread awareness of the importance of Open Science may be important to build reliable scientific practices even in the presence of complex experimental challenges
Epidemiología de las fracturas de la extremidad proximal del fémur en asturias
Hemos realizado un estudio epidemiológico de las fracturas de fémur proximal
en personas mayores de 50 años, atendidas en nuestro Hospital durante los años 1990-92.
Se valoraron un total de 355 casos. En el período estudiado se observó que las fracturas más
numerosas fueron la cervicales, no encontrando diferencias significativas en los ingresos según
el período estacional. La edad media de presentación fue de 81 años. La tasa de incidencia
fue muy semejante a las otras provincias españolas y menor que la encontrada en los países
del Norte de Europa, Inglaterra y Estados Unidos.We have performed an epidemiologic study on the incidence of proximal femoral
fractures in patients older than 50 years, all reviewed in our Hospital from 1990 to 1992.
We included 355 patients. Femoral neek fractures were the most frequent lesions. No significant
differences in the hospital admissions were found during all the year's seasons. The mean
age of presentation was 81 years. The incidence rate was similar to the rest of Spain, and less
than in North Europe, England and United States
Coordination Chemistry and Sensing Properties Towards Anions and Metal Ions of a Simple Fluorescent Urea
The coordination and sensing properties towards anions and transition metal ions of the simple novel fluorescent urea 1-(2-aminophenyl)-3-(naphthalen-1)-yl)urea (L) were investigated in solution, and in the solid state. An electron donating amine group in the molecular skeleton of L decreased the acidity of the urea NHs that are usually deprotonated by basic anions and allowed for a good degree of affinity towards fluoride in DMSO-d6-0.5 %H2O. Moreover, the amine moiety acted as a further binding group for metal ions. Indeed, L was able to bind Zn2+ both in solution and in the solid state, and to respond to the presence of this metal ion in MeCN with an enhancement of the fluorescence emission. Although solution studies evidenced the formation of a 1 : 1 complex of L with Zn2+, complexes with a 2 : 1 ligand-to-metal stoichiometry were isolated in the solid state. DFT calculations helped to clarify the stability reasons behind these results
Dynamics of Quasi-ordered Structure in a Regio-regulated pi-Conjugated Polymer:Poly(4-methylthiazole-2,5-diyl)
Dynamics of regio-regulated Poly(4-methylthiazole-2,5-diyl) [HH-P4MeTz] was
inves tigated by solid-state 1H, 2D, 13C NMR spectroscopies, and differential
scanning calorimetry(DSC) measurements. DSC, 2D quadrupolar echo NMR, 13C
cross-polarization and magic-angle spinning(CPMAS) NMR, and 2D spin-echo(2DSE)
CPMAS NMR spectroscopy suggest existence of a quasi-ordered phase in which
backbone twists take place with weakened pi-stackings. Two-dimensional exchange
2D NMR(2DEX) detected slow dynamics with a rate of an order of 10^2Hz for the
CD_3 group in d_3-HH-P4MeTz at 288K. The frequency dependence of proton
longitudinal relaxation rate at 288K shows a omega^-1/2 dependence, which is
due to the one-dimensional diffusion-like motion of backbone conformational
modulation waves. The diffusion rate was estimated as 3+/-2 GHz, which was
approximately 10^7 times larger than that estimated by 2DEX NMR measurements.
These results suggest that there exists anomalous dispersion of modulation
waves in HH-P4MeTz. The one-dimensional group velocity of the wave packet is
responsible for the behavior of proton longitudinal relaxation time. On the
other hand, the 2DEX NMR is sensitive to phase velocity of the nutation of
methyl groups that is associated with backbone twists. From proton T_1 and T_2
measurements, the activation energy was estimated as 2.9 and 3.4 kcal/mol,
respectively. These were in agreement with 3.0 kcal/mol determined by
Moller-Plesset(MP2) molecular orbital(MO) calculation. We also performed
chemical shielding calculation of the methyl-carbon in order to understand
chemical shift tensor behavior, leading to the fact that a quasi-ordered phase
coexist with the crystalline phase.Comment: 14 pages, 11 figures, to appear in Phys.Rev.
- …