O MODELO ABERTO DE DESENVOLVIMENTO DE SOFTWARE EM PEQUENAS EMPRESAS BRASILEIRAS

Large companies in the information technology sector are opening the codes of strategic products to gain a competitive advantage. Under the philosophical paradigm of Critical Realism, the study aims to identify the mechanisms involved in the decision to adopt the open model of software development by small Brazilian companies. Using multiple case studies, the data were obtained from four Brazilian technology companies. The qualitative material collected in 2017 was analyzed using inductive and deductive methods, seeking evidence to corroborate the existing literature and identify eventual mechanisms associated with the specific context explored in this study. The main contributions of the study are the level of analysis, its anchoring in empirical data, the chosen context and the philosophical paradigm used by the authors. The study found that political instability and the high cost associated with adopting the open model of software development could be barriers for small companies wishing to adopt this model. The study also allows market managers to reassess their software development strategies.Nas últimas décadas, o modelo aberto de desenvolvimento de software foi de passatempo de programadores, para inimigo de empresas de tecnologia e, mais recentemente, passou a ser uma estratégia destas. Sob o paradigma filosófico do Realismo Crítico, o estudo tem o objetivo de identificar os mecanismos envolvidos na decisão de adoção do modelo aberto de desenvolvimento de software por pequenas empresas brasileiras. Utilizando estudo de casos múltiplos, os dados contemplam quatro empresas brasileiras de tecnologia. O material qualitativo foi analisado utilizando técnicas indutivas e dedutivas, buscando evidências para suportar um modelo preliminar de pesquisa baseado na literatura e a identificação de novos fatores. O principal resultado do estudo foi a identificação de três fatores não endereçados pela literatura utilizada como base para o estudo, são eles: o receio de uso oportunista do código; o custo envolvido na adoção do modelo aberto de desenvolvimento; e, a instabilidade política. Aos gestores do mercado, permite a reavaliação de suas estratégias em relação ao desenvolvimento de software

Mudança em modelos de negócios consolidados: O estudo das cooperativas de radio táxi no Brasil após a inclusão dos aplicativos no mercado

O modelo de negócio de cooperativa de táxis foi modificado com a proliferação de aplicativos móveis. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi verificar como se deram as mudanças em um modelo de negócio num cenário de inovação, potencializado pelo uso da tecnologia. A Solução Conceitual Pluralista e Multinível foi a lente teórica selecionada para um estudo qualitativo que abrangeu as cidades de São Paulo e Curitiba. Foram entrevistados usuários e gestores de cooperativas e aplicativos, bem como taxistas. A contribuição mais significativa do trabalho é a demonstração de como a tecnologia pode modificar um modelo de negócios estabelecido.Proliferation of mobile applications modified the taxi cooperative business model. The objective of this research was to verify how the changes in such business model occurred in a scenario of innovation, enhanced by the use of technology. The Pluralist and Multilevel Conceptual Solution was the theoretical lens selected for a qualitative study that covered the cities of São Paulo and Curitiba. Users and managers of cooperatives and applications were interviewed as well as taxi drivers. The most significant contribution of the work is the demonstration of how technology can modify an established business model

NON-INVESTMENT IN INFORMATION SYSTEMS: A Cognitive Dissonance Case Study

Owing to the complex nature information system investment decisions, the present study presents an interpretative framework for addressing the postponement of decisions to invest in this kind of technology. An instrumental case study is used to conduct an analysis based on the proposed framework, which is based on Cognitive Dissonance (CD) Theory. The illusion of explanatory depth and cognitive miser theories are also used to interpret the analysis. The case in question is a legal firm in São Paulo, Brazil, that operates in three areas of law. The contribution of the study is a new form of interpreting the postponement of information system investment decisions. The non-investment behavior of the managers concerning IS can change if they are given information that strengthens their cognitive dissonance, resulting in their becoming sufficiently uncomfortable to change this behavior

Global economic burden of unmet surgical need for appendicitis

Background There is a substantial gap in provision of adequate surgical care in many low- and middle-income countries. This study aimed to identify the economic burden of unmet surgical need for the common condition of appendicitis. Methods Data on the incidence of appendicitis from 170 countries and two different approaches were used to estimate numbers of patients who do not receive surgery: as a fixed proportion of the total unmet surgical need per country (approach 1); and based on country income status (approach 2). Indirect costs with current levels of access and local quality, and those if quality were at the standards of high-income countries, were estimated. A human capital approach was applied, focusing on the economic burden resulting from premature death and absenteeism. Results Excess mortality was 4185 per 100 000 cases of appendicitis using approach 1 and 3448 per 100 000 using approach 2. The economic burden of continuing current levels of access and local quality was US $92 492 million using approach 1 and$73 141 million using approach 2. The economic burden of not providing surgical care to the standards of high-income countries was $95 004 million using approach 1 and$75 666 million using approach 2. The largest share of these costs resulted from premature death (97.7 per cent) and lack of access (97.0 per cent) in contrast to lack of quality. Conclusion For a comparatively non-complex emergency condition such as appendicitis, increasing access to care should be prioritized. Although improving quality of care should not be neglected, increasing provision of care at current standards could reduce societal costs substantially

Global economic burden of unmet surgical need for appendicitis

Background There is a substantial gap in provision of adequate surgical care in many low- and middle-income countries. This study aimed to identify the economic burden of unmet surgical need for the common condition of appendicitis. Methods Data on the incidence of appendicitis from 170 countries and two different approaches were used to estimate numbers of patients who do not receive surgery: as a fixed proportion of the total unmet surgical need per country (approach 1); and based on country income status (approach 2). Indirect costs with current levels of access and local quality, and those if quality were at the standards of high-income countries, were estimated. A human capital approach was applied, focusing on the economic burden resulting from premature death and absenteeism. Results Excess mortality was 4185 per 100 000 cases of appendicitis using approach 1 and 3448 per 100 000 using approach 2. The economic burden of continuing current levels of access and local quality was US $92 492 million using approach 1 and$73 141 million using approach 2. The economic burden of not providing surgical care to the standards of high-income countries was $95 004 million using approach 1 and$75 666 million using approach 2. The largest share of these costs resulted from premature death (97.7 per cent) and lack of access (97.0 per cent) in contrast to lack of quality. Conclusion For a comparatively non-complex emergency condition such as appendicitis, increasing access to care should be prioritized. Although improving quality of care should not be neglected, increasing provision of care at current standards could reduce societal costs substantially