Organic Matter Clogging Results in Undeveloped Hardpan and Soil Mineral Leakage in the Rice Terraces in the Philippine Cordilleras

Rice terraces in Cordillera, Philippines, a world cultural heritage site, are threatened by the risk of collapse. It is crucial to manage these rice terraces for their conservation, while simultaneously practicing traditional farming. We examined the soil environment and investigated its effects on rice terrace conservation, by focusing on the hardpan condition; infiltration process, which is related to the collapse of rice terraces; and soil nutrition conditions in these sites. Field survey and soil analysis revealed that in areas where the hardpan was not sufficiently developed and water infiltration was effectively suppressed, organic matter content was significantly high, suggesting organic matter clogging. In these rice terraces, the amounts of P, K, Ca, and Mn were significantly low, showing the mineral leaching under reductive soil conditions. Therefore, hardpan formation, rather than organic matter clogging, is essential for the suppression of infiltration and prevention of potential terrace collapse. Because hardpan formation or organic matter clogging cannot be identified from the surface of flooded rice paddies, it is difficult to identify the influencing factor. Thus, we suggest that the hard soil layer should be checked before the planting season and drainage is allowed after the cropping season in the rainy season

A language for modeling the morphogenesis process of biological system using MAS

The biological systems are Complex Adaptive Systems that can build a complex structure using interaction between cell and its environment. The process is called morphogenesis, it is study by developmental biology and applied by tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Computational models are used by researchers to organize and communicate ideas, test hypotheses and abstractly represent behaviors, etc. Although, Agent Based Models are used in biological systems, it is necessary appropriate domain-oriented language. This work shows the progress made in the definition of a language for modeling and simulation of such systems, in order to hide details of implementation and execution of a simulation. The language concepts are demonstrated using, as study case, the morphogenesis of a heart valve in vitro.Sociedad Argentina de Informática e Investigación Operativa (SADIO

A language for modeling the morphogenesis process of biological system using MAS

The biological systems are Complex Adaptive Systems that can build a complex structure using interaction between cell and its environment. The process is called morphogenesis, it is study by developmental biology and applied by tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Computational models are used by researchers to organize and communicate ideas, test hypotheses and abstractly represent behaviors, etc. Although, Agent Based Models are used in biological systems, it is necessary appropriate domain-oriented language. This work shows the progress made in the definition of a language for modeling and simulation of such systems, in order to hide details of implementation and execution of a simulation. The language concepts are demonstrated using, as study case, the morphogenesis of a heart valve in vitro.Sociedad Argentina de Informática e Investigación Operativa (SADIO

Contribución de la pesca artesanal al desarrollo socio-económico del corregimiento de Taganga

La pesca artesanal desempeña la importante función de generar alimentos, empleo e ingresos a un número de pescadores y sus familias integrantes de las comunidades más pobres y marginadas de la sociedad. La pesca artesanal se puede definir como una forma particular de adelantar una actividad productiva, que a la vez se constituye en medio de la vida, dentro de contextos socio-económicos y culturales diferentes, que la hacen particularmente heterogénea. El tema de la pesca artesanal ha sido investigado por numerosos proyectos, desde el punto de vista biológico, tecnológico y de la comercialización de productos pesqueros. Esta investigación permitió conocer el nivel organizacional que tienen los pescadores, así como la participación, contribución y proyección de las organizaciones existentes en el corregimiento para el desarrollo de la comunidad. El tema de la pesca artesanal ha sido investigado por numerosos proyectos, desde el punto de vista biológico, tecnológico y de la comercialización de productos pesqueros

Influence of structural and magnetic properties in the heating performance of multicore bioferrofluids

Under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 3.0 (CC-BY).Biomedical applications of superparamagnetic iron oxide particles have been of interest for quite a number of years. Recent developments show that multifunctionality can be efficiently achieved using polymers to coat the particles and to provide anchoring elements to their surface. This leads to the formation of nanobeads with a reduced number of particles trapped by the polymeric structure. While the magnetothermic behavior of isolated nanoparticles has been a subject of interest over the past several years, multicore magnetic nanobeads have thus far not received the same attention. The influence of structural and magnetic properties in the hyperthermia performance of a series of magnetic fluids designed for biomedical purposes is studied here. The fluids are made of maghemite multicore polymeric beads, with variable nanoparticle size and hydrodynamic size, dispersed in a buffer solution. The specific loss power (SLP) was measured from 5 to 100 kHz with a field intensity of 21.8 kA/m. SLP increases with increasing magnetic core size, reaching 32 W/g Fe 2O3 at 100 kHz for 16.2 nm. Within the framework of the linear response theory, a graphical construction is proposed to describe the interplay of both size distributions and magnetic properties in the heating performance of such fluids in a given frequency range. Furthermore, a numerical model is developed to calculate the spare contribution of Néel and Brown relaxation mechanisms to SLP, which gives a fair reproduction of the experimental data. © 2013 American Physical Society.R.B. would like to thank ICMA-CSIC for the JAE predoc grant. Financial support from Grant No. MAT2011-25991 is gratefully acknowledged. We acknowledge Fundaçâo para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT, Portugal), COMPETE, and FEDER programs (Pest-C/CTM/LA0011/2013). N.J.O.S. acknowledges FCT for the Ciência 2008 program.Peer Reviewe

A language for modeling the morphogenesis process of biological system using MAS

The biological systems are Complex Adaptive Systems that can build a complex structure using interaction between cell and its environment. The process is called morphogenesis, it is study by developmental biology and applied by tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Computational models are used by researchers to organize and communicate ideas, test hypotheses and abstractly represent behaviors, etc. Although, Agent Based Models are used in biological systems, it is necessary appropriate domain-oriented language. This work shows the progress made in the definition of a language for modeling and simulation of such systems, in order to hide details of implementation and execution of a simulation. The language concepts are demonstrated using, as study case, the morphogenesis of a heart valve in vitro.Sociedad Argentina de Informática e Investigación Operativa (SADIO

El uso del mecanismo de la ley 29230 "Ley de obras por impuestos" en gobiernos locales : factores que lo limitan y propuesta para incentivar su uso, el caso del distrito de Jos? Crespo y Castillo - Hu?nuco

La presente investigaci?n tiene por finalidad analizar el mecanismo de la Ley N? 29230 ?Ley de Obras por Impuestos?, mecanismo novedoso, pionero en la regi?n, dirigido a dinamizar la ejecuci?n de obras p?blicas prioritarias, con la intervenci?n de empresas privadas, las cuales financian y ejecutan estos proyectos, recuperando lo invertido deduci?ndolo del pago de su impuesto a la renta de tercera categor?a

STUDY ON NUTRITIONAL AND ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS OF THE SEAWEEDS OF NORTHERN SAMAR, PHILIPINES

The purpose of the study: In this work, the nutritional and elemental analysis of seaweeds in Northern Samar is analyzed. Methodology: The seaweeds of Northern Samar are collected from the intertidal zone, and it was brought back to the College of Science for taxonomic identity.   The nutritional and elemental content of the seaweeds were determined. Main findings: Based on the results obtained a total of 39 species belonging to eighteen (18) families of seaweeds were recorded from different coastal towns in Northern Samar, Philippines.  The results revealed that for seaweeds with the economic value the nutritional and elemental content is comparable to the unknown seaweeds with no economic value.     Implications: The results of the bioavailability of nutrients of this study might be the basis that unknown seaweeds with no economic value can be used directly in the diet and promote health advantage. Originality/Novelty of study: The seaweeds of Northern Samar are not properly documented in comparison with other marine flora.  The results demonstrated that some species of seaweeds collected in Northern Samar with no economic value could also accumulate non-essential elements.  Further studies would surely be a great contribution to our local food and pharmaceutical industries.&nbsp

Establecimiento in vitro de segmentos nodales de plantas jóvenes de Annona muricata L.

The use of tissue in vitro culture for plant propagation of soursop (Annona muricata L.) promissory trees can help increasing the availability of plants for developing field plantations. Considering these aspect, this work aimed to establish in vitro nodal segments of young plants of soursop. Nodal segments with 1.5 cm of length were superficially disinfected with 70% ethanol during one minute and with sodium hypochlorite (0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0%) during 15 minutes. The presence of microbial contamination and the number of segments with axillary buds were evaluated after 15 and 25 days of culture. The length (cm) of buds was also determined. Results showed a low incidence of microbial contamination in the explants because the presence of fungi in treatments was not observed. However, 3.8% segments were contaminated with bacteria in the treatment with lower concentration of sodium hypochlorite. Axillary shoots were observed in 73.0% of explants when 1.0% of sodium hypochlorite was used, without significant differences using 1.5%. Shoots development with first expanded leaves and a length ranged between 0.8 and 1.5 cm was observed after 25 days of culture. Increasing culture time, plants showed leaf abscission. These results demonstrate that in vitro culture can be used for the propagation of soursop. However, we must make emphasis in the study of the culture conditions for the multiplication phase. Key words: in vitro culture, microbial contamination, phenolic oxidation, shoot production.El empleo del cultivo in vitro de tejidos para la propagación vegetativa de árboles promisorios de guanábana (Annona muricata L.), puede contribuir a incrementar la disponibilidad de plantas para el desarrollo de plantaciones en campo. Es por ello, que este trabajo tuvo como objetivo establecer in vitro segmentos nodales de plantas jóvenes de guanábana. Los segmentos nodales con 1.5 cm de longitud se desinfectaron superficialmente con etanol al 70% durante un minuto e hipoclorito de sodio (0.5, 1.0, 1.5 y 2.0%), durante 15 minutos. A los 15 y 25 días de cultivo se evaluó la presencia de contaminación microbiana, el número de segmentos con brotación de la yema axilar, así como la longitud (cm) del brote. Los resultados mostraron una baja incidencia de contaminantes fúngicos. Sin embargo, el 3.8% de los segmentos se contaminaron con bacterias en el tratamiento de menor concentración de hipoclorito de sodio. En el 73% de los explantes se observó brotación de la yema axilar cuando se utilizó hipoclorito de sodio al 1.0%, sin diferencias significativas con 1.5%. A los 25 días de cultivo se apreció crecimiento de los brotes con la presencia de las primeras hojas expandidas y su longitud osciló entre 0.8 y 1.5 cm. Sin embargo, con el incremento del tiempo de cultivo se produjo abscisión de las hojas. Estos resultados demuestran que se puede utilizar el cultivo in vitro para la propagación de guanábana. No obstante, hay que profundizar en el estudio de las condiciones de cultivo durante la fase de multiplicación. Palabras clave: cultivo in vitro, brotación, contaminación microbiana, oxidación fenólica