Višekriterijumska optimizacija izbora merne strategije za procenu dugotrajne vrednosti indikatora buke u životnoj sredini

Knowing correct data about annual values of environmental noise indicators is an important prerequisite for creating a series of local, regional, and national documents aimed at presenting the current state of environmental noise load. Such knowledge is also required for the planning of preventive or corrective measures and activities that will maintain the noise level within the allowed limits or even reduce it in areas where it poses a serious threat and obstacle to human activities and thus affects human health to a greater or lesser extent. Road traffic is a dominant source of elevated noise levels present in almost every part of any urban area. In order to monitor the state of road traffic noise levels in specific locations during the year, it is necessary to have a suitable measurement strategy, which takes into account the dynamic nature of sound propagation, the influence of weather conditions on sound propagation, as well as other factors relevant for establishing the accurate level of annual noise load for a given measurement location. Since neither the national nor the European legislation prescribes the manner of determining annual values of environmental noise indicators, the knowledge of which is necessary for the mandatory strategic noise mapping pursuant to EU Directive 2002/49/EC relating to the assessment and management of environmental noise, the primary motivation for studying this field is to try to find an adequate measurement strategy for assessing long-term values of environmental noise indicators. Considering primarily the economic limitations, this doctoral dissertation starts from the assumption that it is possible to use multiple criteria decision analysis methods to select an optimal measurement strategy based on the results of long-term noise monitoring, taking into account all the factors that might influence the results. The strategy should meet the initial requirement that, with a minimum duration of resource commitment, it can yield sufficiently correct and accurate results of the assessment of annual environmental noise indicator values in all measurement locations with the same characteristics. The contribution of research results in this dissertation is reflected in a new approach to determining annual values of environmental noise indicators, which uses multiple criteria decision analysis to select the measurement strategy and which is applicable at both the national and the European level

Thermodynamic properties and electrical conductivity of strongly correlated plasma media

We study thermodynamic properties and the electrical conductivity of dense hydrogen and deuterium using three methods: classical reactive Monte Carlo (REMC), direct path integral Monte Carlo (PIMC) and a quantum dynamics method in the Wigner representation of quantum mechanics. We report the calculation of the deuterium compression quasi-isentrope in good agreement with experiments. We also solve the Wigner-Liouville equation of dense degenerate hydrogen calculating the initial equilibrium state by the PIMC method. The obtained particle trajectories determine the momentum-momentum correlation functions and the electrical conductivity and are compared with available theories and simulations

Vulnerability of low-arsenic aquifers to municipal pumping in Bangladesh

Sandy aquifers deposited >12,000 years ago, some as shallow as 30 m, have provided a reliable supply of low-arsenic (As) drinking water in rural Bangladesh. This study concerns the potential risk of contaminating these aquifers in areas surrounding the city of Dhaka where hydraulic heads in aquifers >150 m deep have dropped by 70 m in a few decades due to municipal pumping. Water levels measured continuously from 2012 to 2014 in 12 deep (>150 m), 3 intermediate (90-150 m) and 6 shallow (<90 m) community wells, 1 shallow private well, and 1 river piezometer show that the resulting drawdown cone extends 15-35 km east of Dhaka. Water levels in 4 low-As community wells within the 62-147 m depth range closest to Dhaka were inaccessible by suction for up to a third of the year. Lateral hydraulic gradients in the deep aquifer system ranged from 1.7 × 10-4 to 3.7 × 10-4 indicating flow towards Dhaka throughout 2012-2014. Vertical recharge on the edge of the drawdown cone was estimated at 0.21 ± 0.06 m/yr. The data suggest that continued municipal pumping in Dhaka could eventually contaminate some relatively shallow community wells

ЭПИДЕМИОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА ПАРЕНТЕРАЛЬНЫХ ВИРУСНЫХ ГЕПАТИТОВ СРЕДИ ОЛЕНЕВОДОВ-КОЧЕВНИКОВ В ЮЖНОЙ ЯКУТИИ

Researches of parenteral viral hepatitis prevalence in Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) showed high frequency of hepatitis B and C infection markers. High level of HBsAg carriage among indigenous nationalities representatives living in isolated ethnic group had been revealed (12,9%). HBsAg and anti-HBc detection frequencies is 12,9% and 76,0% respectively in comparison with 5,8% and 14,6% among newcomer population (p&lt;0,001). In spreading of HBV-infection leading role belong to natural ways which prevalence in majority of age groups. This fact causes necessity of prevention measures correction. Among newcomer population, we can note high level of HCV infection. Results of parenteral viral hepatitis epidemiological distinguishes evaluation among indigenous nationalities in Southern Yakutia shows to necessity of medical care system improvement and special medical programs. To reason that measures we have to perform complex screening researches to parenteral viral hepatitis infection markers.Изучение распространения парентеральных вирусных гепатитов в Республике Саха (Якутия) показало высокую частоту выявления маркеров инфицирования вирусами гепатитов В и С. Установлен высокий уровень носительства HBsAg у лиц коренной национальности (12,9%), проживающих изолированной этнической группой. Частота выявления HBsAg и анти-НВс в обследованной группе эвенков составила 12,9% и 76,0% соответственно по сравнению с 5,8% и 14,6% соответственно среди некоренного населения (p&lt;0,001). В распространении ВГВ-инфекции ведущее место принадлежит естественным путям передачи; они преобладают в большинстве возрастных групп, что обусловливает необходимость коррекции проводимых профилактических и противоэпидемических мероприятий. Среди пришлого населения отмечается высокий уровень заболеваемости гепатитом С. Результаты оценки эпидемиологических особенностей парентеральных вирусных гепатитов среди коренного населения Южной Якутии указывают на необходимость улучшения системы обеспечения качественной медицинской помощью данной группы населения и разработки специальных лечебно-профилактических программ. Для обоснования данных мероприятий в регионе необходимо проводить комплексные мониторинговые исследования на маркеры инфицирования парентеральными вирусными гепатитами

Arsenic migration to deep groundwater in Bangladesh influenced by adsorption and water demand

Drinking shallow groundwater with naturally elevated concentrations of arsenic is causing widespread disease in many parts of South and Southeast Asia. In the Bengal Basin, growing reliance on deep (\u3e150 m) groundwater has lowered exposure. In the most affected districts of Bangladesh, shallow groundwater concentrations average 100 to 370 μg L−1, while deep groundwater is typically \u3c 10 μg L−1. Groundwater flow simulations have suggested that, even when deep pumping is restricted to domestic use, deep groundwater in some areas of the Bengal Basin is at risk of contamination. However, these simulations have neglected the impedance of As migration by adsorption to aquifer sediments. Here we quantify for the first time As sorption on deeper sediments in situ by replicating the intrusion of shallow groundwater through injection of 1,000 L of deep groundwater modified with 200 μg L−1 of As into a deeper aquifer. Arsenic concentrations in the injected water were reduced by 70% due to adsorption within a single day. Basin-scale modelling indicates that while As adsorption extends the sustainable use of deep groundwater, some areas remain vulnerable; these areas can be prioritized for management and monitoring

Višekriterijumska optimizacija izbora merne strategije za procenu dugotrajne vrednosti indikatora buke u životnoj sredini

Knowing correct data about annual values of environmental noise indicators is an important prerequisite for creating a series of local, regional, and national documents aimed at presenting the current state of environmental noise load. Such knowledge is also required for the planning of preventive or corrective measures and activities that will maintain the noise level within the allowed limits or even reduce it in areas where it poses a serious threat and obstacle to human activities and thus affects human health to a greater or lesser extent. Road traffic is a dominant source of elevated noise levels present in almost every part of any urban area. In order to monitor the state of road traffic noise levels in specific locations during the year, it is necessary to have a suitable measurement strategy, which takes into account the dynamic nature of sound propagation, the influence of weather conditions on sound propagation, as well as other factors relevant for establishing the accurate level of annual noise load for a given measurement location. Since neither the national nor the European legislation prescribes the manner of determining annual values of environmental noise indicators, the knowledge of which is necessary for the mandatory strategic noise mapping pursuant to EU Directive 2002/49/EC relating to the assessment and management of environmental noise, the primary motivation for studying this field is to try to find an adequate measurement strategy for assessing long-term values of environmental noise indicators. Considering primarily the economic limitations, this doctoral dissertation starts from the assumption that it is possible to use multiple criteria decision analysis methods to select an optimal measurement strategy based on the results of long-term noise monitoring, taking into account all the factors that might influence the results. The strategy should meet the initial requirement that, with a minimum duration of resource commitment, it can yield sufficiently correct and accurate results of the assessment of annual environmental noise indicator values in all measurement locations with the same characteristics. The contribution of research results in this dissertation is reflected in a new approach to determining annual values of environmental noise indicators, which uses multiple criteria decision analysis to select the measurement strategy and which is applicable at both the national and the European level

Višekriterijumska optimizacija izbora merne strategije za procenu dugotrajne vrednosti indikatora buke u životnoj sredini

Knowing correct data about annual values of environmental noise indicators is an important prerequisite for creating a series of local, regional, and national documents aimed at presenting the current state of environmental noise load. Such knowledge is also required for the planning of preventive or corrective measures and activities that will maintain the noise level within the allowed limits or even reduce it in areas where it poses a serious threat and obstacle to human activities and thus affects human health to a greater or lesser extent. Road traffic is a dominant source of elevated noise levels present in almost every part of any urban area. In order to monitor the state of road traffic noise levels in specific locations during the year, it is necessary to have a suitable measurement strategy, which takes into account the dynamic nature of sound propagation, the influence of weather conditions on sound propagation, as well as other factors relevant for establishing the accurate level of annual noise load for a given measurement location. Since neither the national nor the European legislation prescribes the manner of determining annual values of environmental noise indicators, the knowledge of which is necessary for the mandatory strategic noise mapping pursuant to EU Directive 2002/49/EC relating to the assessment and management of environmental noise, the primary motivation for studying this field is to try to find an adequate measurement strategy for assessing long-term values of environmental noise indicators. Considering primarily the economic limitations, this doctoral dissertation starts from the assumption that it is possible to use multiple criteria decision analysis methods to select an optimal measurement strategy based on the results of long-term noise monitoring, taking into account all the factors that might influence the results. The strategy should meet the initial requirement that, with a minimum duration of resource commitment, it can yield sufficiently correct and accurate results of the assessment of annual environmental noise indicator values in all measurement locations with the same characteristics. The contribution of research results in this dissertation is reflected in a new approach to determining annual values of environmental noise indicators, which uses multiple criteria decision analysis to select the measurement strategy and which is applicable at both the national and the European level

APPLICATION OF VACUUM THERAPY FOR TREATMENT OF WOUNDS OF THE LOWER LIMB AND FOOT

In the present communication, the usage of vacuum therapy for treatment of severe wounds of the lower limbs is considered. This method was applied in 16 patients of different age presenting with wounds in the distal third of the lower limb and foot. The etiology of these wounds included diabetes mellitus, ulcers, profound burns, injuries and infected skin defects. The indications for vacuum therapy were deter- mined according to localization, size, duration and depth of the alteration. After edema reduction, granulation tissue occurrence and infection coping, the wound were covered with a split thickness skin graft. A successful cover was observed in 14 patients while in two patients a partial lysis of the trans- plants was established. These results show that vacuum-assisted preparation could be applied for the treatment of a variety of wound necessitating subsequent plastics

Correlation between qualitative-technological traits and grain yield in two-row barley varieties

Abstract. The aim of this paper was to determine the correlation between qualitative-technologicaltraitsandgrain yield,as well as, the variability of these propertiesin two-row barley varieties. The experiment was conducted during the period of 2012/2013 and 2013/2014 on the research fields of the Faculty of Agriculture, in two different locations in the Republic of Macedonia, Ovche Pole and Strumica. The total numbers of 21 genotypes were used as research material, of which 5 wereMacedonian, 2 wereCroatian, 2 wereSerbian and 12 genotypes originate from Bulgaria. The following qualitative-technological traits were analyzed: protein content, uniformity of I class grains, weight of 1 000 grains, hectoliter mass, water sensitivity and soaking degree. In both experimental years, the average values for grain yield for tested genotypes in Strumica location were higher, compared with genotypes examined in Ovche Pole location. In both locations significant and positive correlation was established between the grain yield and weight of 1 000 grains. Using the principle component analysis, it was determined that as far as qualitative traits and grain yield were concerned, two main components with cumulative percent of variation of 69.63% were identified for genotypes analyzed in Ovche Pole. Also for tested genotypes grown in Strumica were obtained two main components with cumulative percent of variation of 59.75%. The most suitable for growing in Ovche Pole location were the genotypes: Perun, Lardeya, Asparuh, SajraandOdisej and for Strumica location genotypes: Hit, Line 1, Lardeya, Kuber, Sajra and Devi