Recuperação de carotenoides microbianos assistido por ondas ultrassônicas

Phaffia rhodozyma é uma levedura carotenogênica capaz de produzir intracelularmente pigmentos naturais a partir de cultivos microbianos. Neste estudo foi avaliada a cinética de produção de carotenoides em cultivos submersos, bem como sua recuperação através de ruptura celular assistidas por ondas ultrassônicas, promovendo alterações nas relações biomassa:solvente utilizadas. A maior concentração de biomassa e produção dos compostos de interesse foi observada em torno de 168 h de cultivo, cujo extrato carotenogênico apresenta a astaxantina como carotenoide majoritário. Um incremento de 2,35 vezes na recuperação dos carotenoides foi obtido na relação biomassa:solvente 0,0167 g mL-1, como a mais adequada para determinações analíticas e 0,042 g mL-1 para ser usada visando menor gasto energético no processo

Antagonistic activity of Lactobacillus brevis and Bifidobacterium lactis against Streptococcus mutans and their viability in free form and in microencapsulated gum.

The lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are a group of micro-organisms that have as main characteristic in common the ability to ferment sugars, producing lactic acid as a major product or as only product of its fermentative metabolism. Some species of BAL, especially those belonging to the genera Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, have potential probiotic, being able to confer beneficial health effects of the host, once eaten alive and in adequate quantities. Among the advantages brought about by the ingestion of probiotic bacteria can cite population growth in the intestinal microbiota, the antagonistic activity against pathogens and enhancing the immune system. Furthermore, studies have shown that many BAL have the capacity to assist in the treatment of certain pathologies, such as improving the digestion of lactose lactose intolerant individuals in the treatment of diarrhea, to promote the reduction of cholesterol and for the prevention of caries. The occurrence of caries occurs due to the formation of a cavity in the tooth surface caused by destruction of enamel protein by bacteria, especially Streptococcus mutans, as one of the micro-organisms related to this problem. Once show BAL is capable of inhibiting the cariogenic bacteria, it is interesting through food conveying aimed at preventing disease. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the antagonistic activity of L. and B. brevis lactis against S. mutans and studying the viability of the bacteria applied in chewing gum microencapsulated by spray drying, in free form during the storage period in the range of 8 analyzed in 8 days, totaling 33 days. Both micro-organisms tested showed significant capacity to inhibit cariogenic bacteria when compared to oral antiseptic (chlorhexidine 0.2%), demonstrating the influence of bacteriocins in antagonism by sensitivity to proteolytic enzymes. Microencapsulation was effective because the viability of the bacteria was retained after the process. During the storage of chewing gum and free of bacteria added micoecapsuladas, changes were observed in the viability of the same. In the case of B. lactis viability was satisfactory after the period in the case of microencapsulated bacteria, with count greater than 8 Log CFU. mL-1, but with unsatisfactory in the case of bacteria free, which declined almost total viability. As for L. brevis the viability of micro-organism both free and microencapsulated remained high, reaching 33 days with score greater than 8 Log UFC. mL-1.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPESAs bactérias ácido láticas (BAL) são um grupo de micro-organismos que apresentam como principal característica em comum a capacidade de fermentar açúcares, produzindo ácido lático como produto majoritário ou como único produto de seu metabolismo fermentativo. Algumas espécies de BAL, destacando-se àquelas pertencentes aos gêneros Lactobacillus e Bifidobacterium, apresentam potencial probiótico, sendo capazes de conferir efeitos benéficos à saúde do hospedeiro, uma vez ingeridas vivas e em quantidades adequadas. Dentre as vantagens acarretadas pela ingestão de bactérias probióticas é possível citar o crescimento da população na microbiota intestinal, a atividade antagonista contra patógenos e a melhoria do sistema imunológico. Além disso, estudos comprovam que muitas BAL apresentam a capacidade de auxiliar no tratamento de algumas patologias, como na melhoria da digestão da lactose em indivíduos intolerantes a lactose, no tratamento de diarréia, para promover a redução do colesterol e para a prevenção de cáries. A ocorrência da cárie se dá em função da formação de uma cavidade na superfície dentária, causada pela destruição da proteína do esmalte por bactérias, destacando-se o Streptococcus mutans, por ser um dos micro-organismos mais relacionados a esse problema. Uma vez que BAL mostre-se capaz de inibir a bactéria cariogênica, torna-se interessante sua veiculação através de alimentos visando a prevenção da patologia. Com isso, o objetivo do trabalho foi verificar a atividade antagonista de L. brevis e B. lactis contra S.mutans e estudar a viabilidade destas bactérias aplicadas em goma de mascar microencapsuladas por atomização e na forma livre durante o período de estocagem analisados no intervalo de 8 em 8 dias, totalizando 33 dias. Ambos os micro-organismos testados apresentaram capacidade significativa de inibição da bactéria cariogênica, quando comparados ao anti-séptico bucal (clorexidina 0,2%), comprovando a influência de bacteriocinas no antagonismo através da sensibilidade a enzimas proteolíticas. A microencapsulação mostrou-se eficiente visto que a viabilidade das bactérias foi mantida após o processo. Durante o período de armazenamento das gomas de mascar acrescidas das bactérias livres e microecapsuladas, foram verificadas variações na viabilidade das mesmas. Em se tratando de B. lactis, a viabilidade foi satisfatória ao fim do período no caso da bactéria microencapsulada, apresentando contagem superior a 8 Log UFC . mL-1, porém insatisfatória no caso da bactéria livre, que apresentou redução quase total de sua viabilidade. Já para L.brevis a viabilidade do micro-organismo tanto livre quanto microencapsulado manteve-se elevada, atingindo os 33 dias com contagem superior a 8 Log UFC . mL-1

Recuperação de carotenoides microbianos assistido por ondas ultrassônicas

Phaffia rhodozyma é uma levedura carotenogênica capaz de produzir intracelularmente pigmentos naturais a partir de cultivos microbianos. Neste estudo foi avaliada a cinética de produção de carotenoides em cultivos submersos, bem como sua recuperação através de ruptura celular assistidas por ondas ultrassônicas, promovendo alterações nas relações biomassa:solvente utilizadas. A maior concentração de biomassa e produção dos compostos de interesse foi observada em torno de 168 h de cultivo, cujo extrato carotenogênico apresenta a astaxantina como carotenoide majoritário. Um incremento de 2,35 vezes na recuperação dos carotenoides foi obtido na relação biomassa:solvente 0,0167 g mL-1, como a mais adequada para determinações analíticas e 0,042 g mL-1 para ser usada visando menor gasto energético no processo

Microencapsulation by lyophilization of carotenoids produced by Phaffia rhodozyma with soy protein as the encapsulating agent

Abstract Carotenoids are pigments that can be applied to food but they are unstable towards certain food intrinsic conditions, as well as processing ones. Microencapsulation is an alternative to increasing their stability. This study aimed to produce carotenoids by Phaffia rhodozyma crops and promote their microencapsulation by lyophilization with soy protein as the wall material, in different proportions. High process yield of 96% and encapsulation efficiency of around 65% were observed at the ratios under study. Well-defined and separate micrometer-scale particles with different shapes and sizes were formed and the protection of the compounds of interest was confirmed by differential scanning calorimetry which showed that the endothermic event – typical of the free extract after encapsulation – did not occur

Detox juice development without additives and its acceptability in relation to a commercial formulation / Desenvolvimento de suco detox sem aditivos e sua aceitabilidade em relação a um a formulação comercial

Detox juices have been inserted into the diet of consumers seeking to maintain a balanced and healthier diet. The present research aimed to develop an additive-free detox juice and camphor it with a commercial formulation. Physicochemical analyzes (pH, acidity and total soluble solids (TSS)) and sensorial (acceptance for aroma, color, taste and overall impression attributes, consumption and purchase intention) were performed. There was no significant difference for pH and acidity between the formulations, and the juice produced in this study presented lower amount of SST. The juice without additives had a higher acceptance rate for the attributes of taste, color and overall impression (81.42%, 80% and 77.14%, respectively). Sixty-six percent of the judges claimed to eat green juices frequently and 64 percent demonstrated intent to purchase the juice produced, while only 18 percent would buy commercial juice. In this way, it is noted that the free formulation of additives has been preferred over commercial juice

Microencapsulation by lyophilization of carotenoids produced by Phaffia rhodozyma with soy protein as the encapsulating agent

<div><p>Abstract Carotenoids are pigments that can be applied to food but they are unstable towards certain food intrinsic conditions, as well as processing ones. Microencapsulation is an alternative to increasing their stability. This study aimed to produce carotenoids by Phaffia rhodozyma crops and promote their microencapsulation by lyophilization with soy protein as the wall material, in different proportions. High process yield of 96% and encapsulation efficiency of around 65% were observed at the ratios under study. Well-defined and separate micrometer-scale particles with different shapes and sizes were formed and the protection of the compounds of interest was confirmed by differential scanning calorimetry which showed that the endothermic event – typical of the free extract after encapsulation – did not occur.</p></div

Brazilian Flora 2020: Leveraging the power of a collaborative scientific network

International audienceThe shortage of reliable primary taxonomic data limits the description of biological taxa and the understanding of biodiversity patterns and processes, complicating biogeographical, ecological, and evolutionary studies. This deficit creates a significant taxonomic impediment to biodiversity research and conservation planning. The taxonomic impediment and the biodiversity crisis are widely recognized, highlighting the urgent need for reliable taxonomic data. Over the past decade, numerous countries worldwide have devoted considerable effort to Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC), which called for the preparation of a working list of all known plant species by 2010 and an online world Flora by 2020. Brazil is a megadiverse country, home to more of the world's known plant species than any other country. Despite that, Flora Brasiliensis, concluded in 1906, was the last comprehensive treatment of the Brazilian flora. The lack of accurate estimates of the number of species of algae, fungi, and plants occurring in Brazil contributes to the prevailing taxonomic impediment and delays progress towards the GSPC targets. Over the past 12 years, a legion of taxonomists motivated to meet Target 1 of the GSPC, worked together to gather and integrate knowledge on the algal, plant, and fungal diversity of Brazil. Overall, a team of about 980 taxonomists joined efforts in a highly collaborative project that used cybertaxonomy to prepare an updated Flora of Brazil, showing the power of scientific collaboration to reach ambitious goals. This paper presents an overview of the Brazilian Flora 2020 and provides taxonomic and spatial updates on the algae, fungi, and plants found in one of the world's most biodiverse countries. We further identify collection gaps and summarize future goals that extend beyond 2020. Our results show that Brazil is home to 46,975 native species of algae, fungi, and plants, of which 19,669 are endemic to the country. The data compiled to date suggests that the Atlantic Rainforest might be the most diverse Brazilian domain for all plant groups except gymnosperms, which are most diverse in the Amazon. However, scientific knowledge of Brazilian diversity is still unequally distributed, with the Atlantic Rainforest and the Cerrado being the most intensively sampled and studied biomes in the country. In times of “scientific reductionism”, with botanical and mycological sciences suffering pervasive depreciation in recent decades, the first online Flora of Brazil 2020 significantly enhanced the quality and quantity of taxonomic data available for algae, fungi, and plants from Brazil. This project also made all the information freely available online, providing a firm foundation for future research and for the management, conservation, and sustainable use of the Brazilian funga and flora