Citizenship education through practices and representations

La investigación se llevó a cabo en los años 2008 y 2009, con la intención de identificar las prácticas de educación para la ciudadanía más difundidas en la escuela secundaria superior italiana y las representaciones más comunes presentes entre los estudiantes y profesores. Se suministraron 1308 cuestionarios, en 76 clases, correspondientes a tres regiones de Italia (Emilia-Romagna, Lombardía y Sicilia), 68 fichas han sido recopiladas a partir de los sondeos de 46 profesores. Diez de estos 46 profesores fueron también entrevistados directamente. El estudio describe las prácticas más difundidas y los temas fundamentales (predomina la prevención de accidentes de tráfico, medidas preventivas de la salud en general, con especial atención a las drogas, el alcohol, las enfermedades de transmisión sexual y el SIDA.) Se observa una presencia muy limitada de proyectos específicos de dimensión jurídica, política y ética, de la ciudadanía, en cambio los estudiantes muestran expectativas y un deseo de intervención sobre la ciudadanía. También parece importante el análisis de las representaciones implícitas identificadas en las respuestas abiertas de los estudiantes.This research was conducted in 2008 and 2009, and sought to identify the most popular practices of citizenship education in secondary school, as well as the most common representations among students and teachers. 1308 open-ended questions questionnaires were administered to 76 classes across three Italian regions (Emilia-Romagna, Lombardy and Sicily); 68 monitoring cards were compiled by 46 teachers. Ten out of these 46 teachers were also interviewed directly. The study describes the most common practices and the privileged topics (road accidents and health care prevention in general with particular regard to drugs, alcohol, sexually transmitted diseases and HIV were among the most popular). The evidence shows a very limited number of projects specifically related to the legal, political and ethical dimensions of citizenship, whilst students express expectation and desire for intervention. Furthermore, the analysis of the implicit representations identified in the open-ended responses provided by the students seems particularly significant.peerReviewe

Problemi di valutazione della qualità di un corso universitario Uno studio esplorativo

Il contributo discute il problema generale della valutazione dell’efficacia didattica a livello universitario, con il supporto dei datiricavati in due anni accademici successivi (2010/11 e 2011/12) monitorando il corso di Teoria e pratica della formazione (Università di Bologna, Facoltà di Lettere) a partire dal giudizio dei frequentanti, per verificare la percezione degli studenti degli obiettivi formativi e delle scelte metodologiche e organizzativedel corso stesso. A chi aveva completato l’esame nei primi tre appelli (43 studenti nel 2010/11 e 37 nel 2011/12) sono state rivolte due domande ee è stato somministrato un breve questionario (nei due anni il questionario è stato modificato). Questi elementi sono stati messi a confronto con i dati della scheda personale dello studente (che registra il percorso di scuola secondaria, quello accademico, il giudizio sull’esercitazione svolta all’interno del corso e il voto finale conseguito). I dati ricavati, che sono indicativi del riconoscimento, da parte degli studenti, degli obiettivi del corso e delle scelte metodologiche in esso operate, forniscono almeno alcune suggestioni e indicazioni per future ipotesi di lavoro in questa direzione

Topical use of tranexamic acid in coronary artery bypass operations: A double-blind, prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled study

AbstractObjectives: We sought to investigate the effect of topical application of tranexamic acid into the pericardial cavity in reducing postoperative blood loss in coronary artery surgery. Methods: A prospective, randomized, double-blind investigation with parallel groups was performed. Forty consecutive patients undergoing primary coronary surgery were randomly assigned to group 1 (tranexamic acid group) or group 2 (placebo group). Tranexamic acid (1 g in 100 mL of saline solution) or placebo was poured into the pericardial cavity and over the mediastinal tissues before sternal closure. The drainage of mediastinal blood was measured hourly. Results: Chest tube drainage in the first 24 hours was 485 ± 166 mL in the tranexamic acid group and 641 ± 184 mL in the placebo group (P = .01). Total postoperative blood loss was 573 ± 164 mL and 739 ± 228 mL, respectively (P = .01). The use of banked donor blood products was not significantly different between the two groups. Tranexamic acid could not be detected in any of the blood samples blindly collected from 24 patients to verify whether any systemic absorption of the drug occurred. There were no deaths in either group. None of the patients required reoperation for bleeding. Conclusions: Topical application of tranexamic acid into the pericardial cavity after cardiopulmonary bypass in patients undergoing primary coronary bypass operations significantly reduces postoperative bleeding. Further studies must be carried out to clarify whether a more pronounced effect on both bleeding and blood products requirement might be seen in procedures with a higher risk of bleeding. (J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2000;119:575-80

A new tool for touch-free patient registration for robot-assisted intracranial surgery: Application accuracy from a phantom study and a retrospective surgical series

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to compare the accuracy of Neurolocate frameless registration system and frame-based registration for robotic stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG). METHODS The authors performed a 40-trajectory phantom laboratory study and a 127-trajectory retrospective analysis of a surgical series. The laboratory study was aimed at testing the noninferiority of the Neurolocate system. The analysis of the surgical series compared Neurolocate-based SEEG implantations with a frame-based historical control group. RESULTS The mean localization errors (LE) ± standard deviations (SD) for Neurolocate-based and frame-based trajectories were 0.67 ± 0.29 mm and 0.76 ± 0.34 mm, respectively, in the phantom study (p = 0.35). The median entry point LE was 0.59 mm (interquartile range [IQR] 0.25-0.88 mm) for Neurolocate-registration-based trajectories and 0.78 mm (IQR 0.49-1.08 mm) for frame-registration-based trajectories (p = 0.00002) in the clinical study. The median target point LE was 1.49 mm (IQR 1.06-2.4 mm) for Neurolocate-registration-based trajectories and 1.77 mm (IQR 1.25-2.5 mm) for frameregistration- based trajectories in the clinical study. All the surgical procedures were successful and uneventful. CONCLUSIONS The results of the phantom study demonstrate the noninferiority of Neurolocate frameless registration. The results of the retrospective surgical series analysis suggest that Neurolocate-based procedures can be more accurate than the frame-based ones. The safety profile of Neurolocate-based registration should be similar to that of frame-based registration. The Neurolocate system is comfortable, noninvasive, easy to use, and potentially faster than other registration devices

Genesi di comunità educative fra creatività e orizzonti di senso. Una ricerca con le scuole in Emilia-Romagna

A partire da una ricerca empirica di durata triennale svolta presso alcune scuole statali e paritarie dell'Emilia-Romagna, il volume tematizza nodi cruciali della competenza docente e della sua formazione iniziale e in servizio: creatività, orizzonti di senso e sfera emotivo-affettiva, pratiche induttivo-laboratoriali, comunità di pratica. Il tentativo è quello di restituire la ricca complessità dell'azione di insegnamento e, contemporaneamente, di delineare alcune "direttrici di senso pedagogico" che consentano di riconoscere le comunità educative che operano ed interagiscono nella scuola

Growing bone tissue-engineered niches with graded osteogenicity: an in vitro method for biomimetic construct assembly

The traditional bone tissue-engineering approach exploits mesenchymal stem cells ( MSCs) to be seeded once only on three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds, hence, differentiated for a certain period of time and resulting in a homogeneous osteoblast population at the endpoint. However, after achieving terminal osteodifferentiation, cell viability is usually markedly compromised. On the other hand, naturally occurring osteogenesis results from the coexistence of MSC progenies at distinct differentiative stages in the same microenvironment. This diversification also enables long-term viability of the mature tissue. We report an easy and tunable in vitro method to engineer simple osteogenic cell niches in a biomimetic fashion. The niches were grown via periodic reseeding of undifferentiated MSCs on MSC/scaffold constructs, the latter undergoing osteogenic commitment. Timefractioning of the seeded cell number during differentiation time of the constructs allowed graded osteogenic cell populations to be grown together on the same scaffolds (i.e., not only terminally differentiated osteoblasts). In such cell-dynamic systems, the overall differentiative stage of the constructs could also be tuned by varying the cell density seeded at each inoculation. In this way, we generated two different biomimetic niche models able to host good reservoirs of preosteoblasts and other osteoprogenitors after 21 culture days. At that time, the niche type resulting in 40.8% of immature osteogenic progenies and only 59.2% of mature osteoblasts showed a calcium content comparable to the constructs obtained with the traditional culture method (i.e., 100.03 – 29.30 vs. 78.51 – 28.50 pg/cell, respectively; p = not significant), the latter colonized only by fully differentiated osteoblasts showing exhausted viability. This assembly method for tissue-engineered constructs enabled a set of important parameters, such as viability, colonization, and osteogenic yield of the MSCs to be balanced on 3D scaffolds, thus achieving biomimetic in vitro models with graded osteogenicity, which are more complex and reliable than those currently used by tissue engineers

Preface of the 31st Italian Symposium on Advanced Database Systems

This volume contains the proceedings of the 31st Italian Symposium on Advanced Database Systems (SEBD - Sistemi Evoluti per Basi di Dati), held in Galzinagno Terme (Padua, Italy) from 2 to 5 July 2023.</p

Preface of the 31st Italian Symposium on Advanced Database Systems

This volume contains the proceedings of the 31st Italian Symposium on Advanced Database Systems (SEBD - Sistemi Evoluti per Basi di Dati), held in Galzinagno Terme (Padua, Italy) from 2 to 5 July 2023.</p

Esperienza religiosa e trasformazioni adulte

Il contributo esamina i dati di un questionario sulla religiosità, somministrato nel 2013/14, i cui esiti sono stati già presentati a un seminario nazionale tenutosi a Bologna il 24 e 25 settembre 2015. La ricerca empirica individuava nella trasformazione dell’esperienza religiosa un tema rilevante a cui ha riservato una sezione specifica del questionario,a partire da nostri interessi di ricerca, e anche in rapporto ad alcune suggestioni ricavate dalle tesi dell’americano J. Fowler. Oltre ai dati relativi alle risposte chiuse risulta interessante la lettura complessiva di tutte le risposte aperte. Emerge così un quadro generale delle trasformazioni della religiosità, sia positive sia negative, intervenute nella vita adulta accanto ad una possibile “moratoria” della vita religiosa, una sorta di “distrazione” da essa, e quindi una sua cristallizzazione almeno transitoria, per via dell'assorbimento di sforzi ed energie vitali sulle responsabilità adulte. In altri termini, si può affermare che la fede è costantemente “messa alla prova” dall’esperienza di vita personale, ma è egualmente vero che la fede è trasformata e arricchita dalle esperienze della vita. Per cui tutto ciò che “mette alla prova” la religiosità la fa anche, e allo stesso tempo, “crescere”