17 research outputs found
Analysis of co-contraction of the trunk muscles in the side bridge stabilization exercise with different unstable surfaces
The muscle co-contraction is a phenomenon characterized by the simultaneous contraction of two or more muscles around a joint. The objective of this study was to compare the antagonist co-contraction of the local and global trunk muscles during side bridge exercise, in four situations: (a) stable; (b) instability in the upper limbs with bosu; (c) instability in the upper limbs with disc and (d) double instability. The sample consisted of 20 male volunteers and data collection was performed with simple differential surface electrodes. The electromyographic activity was collected from the Rectus Abdominis (RA), Internal Oblique Abdominis (IO), Multifidus (MF) and Erector Spinae (ES). Were utilized specific routines developed in the Matlab program (Mathworks Natick, USA) to calculate the percentage of antagonist co-contraction between local (IO/MF) and global muscles (RA/ES). The collected data were submitted to parametric statistical analysis (repeated measures ANOVA) or non-parametric (Friedman). The results demonstrated that no significant differences were observed in the pattern of global and local co-contraction in the different side bridge exercises with and without unstable surface. It is concluded that the use of unstable surface in the side bridge stabilization exercise does not increase the level of co-contraction of the trunk flexor and extensor muscles compared to normal stability. However, future studies should use a longer time of isometric contraction in trunk stabilization exercises to optimize the understanding of the effects of different unstable equipment on global and local levels of co-contraction of the trunk muscles
Síndrome de Dubowitz: Dubowitz syndrome
Introdução: a síndrome de Dubowitz é uma síndrome rara herdada de forma autossômica recessiva e o diagnóstico é realizado por exclusão, foi primeiramente descrita no ano de 1965 e possui um grande espectro fenótico, podendo afetar inúmeros sistemas. Apresentação do caso: paciente do sexo masculino, branco, sete anos, admitido no Hospital das Clínicas da UFG, após encaminhamento de UB. Nasceu de parto normal a termo, sem intercorrências, pesando 2.200 g, PIG (pequeno para idade gestacional), estatura de 46 cm, Apgar de 9 e 10. A mãe relata ter realizado todas consultas de pré-natal e nega qualquer infecção, uso de bebida alcoólica, cigarro ou drogas ilícitas durante a gravidez. Discussão: a apresentação clínica mais comumente encontrada está relacionada ao retardo do crescimento, baixo peso ao nascer, microcefalia, alterações faciais e físicas características, desempenho intelectual diminuído, oligofrenia discreta. Conclusão: a Síndrome de Dubowitz ainda é bastante desconhecida. Com base nas bibliografias pesquisadas percebeu-se que há muito para ser explorado
Fratura periprotética de quadril - Vancouver tipo A: Periprosthetic hip fracture - Vancouver type A
Introdução: As fraturas periprotéticas de quadril são uma complicação grave e com elevado índice de morbimortalidade observadas após abordagens cirúrgicas, como artroplastia de quadril e cirurgias de revisão. Ocorrem mais frequentemente ao redor do componente femoral em relação ao acetabular. Essa complicação está relacionada a fatores que são avaliados por meio do sistema de Vancouver, possibilitando definir a melhor forma de abordagem e cuidados da complicação. Apresentação do caso: Paciente do sexo feminino, 60 anos de idade, admitida no Hospital Universitário Risoleta Tolentino Neves (UFMG), com uma fratura tipo A, que tem localização trocantérica e pode se manifestar no trocanter femoral maior ou menor. Discussão: Com o aumento da longevidade, a idade média da população vem aumentando, e com isso o número de intervenções cirúrgicas também aumentam, principalmente as artroplastias de quadril. O que leva a um maior número de situações que envolvem complicações pós-cirúrgicas. Com mais episódios de fraturas periprotéticas, torna-se importante uma melhor avaliação dos quadros para melhor conduta e elucidação de eventuais complicações. Conclusão: Ao se constatar uma fratura periprotética de quadril, deve-se classificar a mesma seguindo o sistema de Vancouver que é dividido em três tipos A, B e C. Essa classificação vai ditar como será a abordagem mais assertiva para resolução do quadro do pacient
A new class of glycomimetic drugs to prevent free fatty acid-induced endothelial dysfunction
Background: Carbohydrates play a major role in cell signaling in many biological processes. We have developed a set of glycomimetic drugs that mimic the structure of carbohydrates and represent a novel source of therapeutics for endothelial dysfunction, a key initiating factor in cardiovascular complications. Purpose: Our objective was to determine the protective effects of small molecule glycomimetics against free fatty acidinduced endothelial dysfunction, focusing on nitric oxide (NO) and oxidative stress pathways. Methods: Four glycomimetics were synthesized by the stepwise transformation of 2,5dihydroxybenzoic acid to a range of 2,5substituted benzoic acid derivatives, incorporating the key sulfate groups to mimic the interactions of heparan sulfate. Endothelial function was assessed using acetylcholineinduced, endotheliumdependent relaxation in mouse thoracic aortic rings using wire myography. Human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) behavior was evaluated in the presence or absence of the free fatty acid, palmitate, with or without glycomimetics (1µM). DAF2 and H2DCFDA assays were used to determine nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, respectively. Lipid peroxidation colorimetric and antioxidant enzyme activity assays were also carried out. RTPCR and western blotting were utilized to measure Akt, eNOS, Nrf2, NQO1 and HO1 expression. Results: Ex vivo endotheliumdependent relaxation was significantly improved by the glycomimetics under palmitateinduced oxidative stress. In vitro studies showed that the glycomimetics protected HUVECs against the palmitateinduced oxidative stress and enhanced NO production. We demonstrate that the protective effects of preincubation with glycomimetics occurred via upregulation of Akt/eNOS signaling, activation of the Nrf2/ARE pathway, and suppression of ROSinduced lipid peroxidation. Conclusion: We have developed a novel set of small molecule glycomimetics that protect against free fatty acidinduced endothelial dysfunction and thus, represent a new category of therapeutic drugs to target endothelial damage, the first line of defense against cardiovascular disease
Relatório : avaliação do perfil dos egressos dos cursos de graduação da ESEFID
Resumo não disponíve
Paracoccidioidomycosis in the spine: case report and review of the literature
ABSTRACT: CONTEXT: Paracoccidioidomycosis is a systemic form of mycosis that spreads hematogenously, secondarily to reactivation of lung infection or infection at another site or to new exposure to the causative agent. Few cases of bone involvement have been reported in the literature and involvement of the spine is extremely rare. CASE REPORT: We describe a case of a 68-year-old male patient with spondylodiscitis at the levels L4-L5 caused by presence of the fungus Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, which was diagnosed through percutaneous biopsy. The patient was treated with sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim for 36 months, with complete resolution of the symptoms. CONCLUSION: Spondylodiscitis caused by the fungus Paracoccidioides brasiliensis is uncommon. However, in patients with chronic low-back pain who live or used to live in endemic regions, this infection should be considered as a possible differential diagnosis
Doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica no cenário da pandemia da COVID-19: guia de orientações e exercícios
This e-book was prepared by the group of researchers, professors and students from the Research Laboratory in Pulmonary Evaluation and Rehabilitation at UFRJ (LiRP / UFRJ) and had the collaboration of a multiprofessional team with extensive experience in Pulmonary Rehabilitation. The e-book originated from a demand from patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), their caregivers, family and friends in relation to the better management of this disease during the COVID-19 pandemic.Esse e-book foi elaborado pelo grupo de pesquisadores, professores e alunos do Laboratório de Investigação em Avaliação e Reabilitação Pulmonar da UFRJ (LiRP/UFRJ) e contou com a colaboração de uma equipe multiprofissional com vasta experiência em Reabilitação Pulmonar. O e-book foi originado de uma demanda dos pacientes com doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica (DPOC), seus cuidadores, familiares e amigos em relação ao melhor manejo dessa doença durante a pandemia da COVID-19