Respiratory chain complex I, a main regulatory target of the cAMP/PKA pathway is defective in different human diseases.

In mammals, complex I (NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase) of the mitochondrial respiratory chain has 31 supernumerary subunits in addition to the 14 conserved from prokaryotes to humans. Multiplicity of structural protein components, as well as of biogenesis factors, makes complex I a sensible pace-maker of mitochondrial respiration. The work reviewed here shows that the cAMP/PKA pathway regulates the biogenesis, assembly and catalytic activity of complex I and mitochondrial oxygen superoxide production. The structural, functional and regulatory complexity of complex I, renders it particularly vulnerable to genetic and sporadic pathological factors. Complex I dysfunction has, indeed, been found, to be associated with several human diseases. Knowledge of the pathogenetic mechanisms of these diseases can help to develop new therapeutic strategies. (C) 2011 Federation of European Biochemical Societies. Published by Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved

Respiratory chain complex I, a main regulatory target of the cAMP/PKA pathway is defective in different human diseases

In mammals, complex I (NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase) of the mitochondrial respiratory chain has 31 supernumerary subunits in addition to the 14 conserved from prokaryotes to humans. Multiplicity of structural protein components, as well as of biogenesis factors, makes complex I a sensible pace-maker of mitochondrial respiration. The work reviewed here shows that the cAMP/PKA pathway regulates the biogenesis, assembly and catalytic activity of complex I and mitochondrial oxygen superoxide production. The structural, functional and regulatory complexity of complex I, renders it particularly vulnerable to genetic and sporadic pathological factors. Complex I dysfunction has, indeed, been found, to be associated with several human diseases. Knowledge of the pathogenetic mechanisms of these diseases can help to develop new therapeutic strategies. (C) 2011 Federation of European Biochemical Societies. Published by Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved

Experimental Studies on Bond Performance of BFRP bars reinforced Coral Aggregate Concrete

As part of this study, has been developed a numerical method which allows to establish abacuses connecting the normal force with bending moment for a circular section and therefore to predict the rupture of this type of section. This may be for reinforced concrete (traditional steel) or concrete reinforced with steel fibers. The numerical simulation was performed in nonlinear elasticity up to exhaustion of the bearing capacity of the section. The rupture modes considered occur by plasticization of the steel or rupture of the concrete (under compressive stresses or tensile stresses). Regarding the fiber-reinforced concrete, the rupture occurs, usually, by tearing of the fibers. The behavior laws of the different materials (concrete and steel) correspond to the real behavior. The influence of several parameters was investigated, namely; diameter of the section, concrete strength, type of steel, percentage of reinforcement and contribution of concrete in tension between two successive cracks of bending. A comparison was made with the behavior of a section considering the conventional diagrams of materials; provided by the BAEL rules. A second comparative study was performed for fibers reinforced section

Prototype ATLAS IBL Modules using the FE-I4A Front-End Readout Chip

The ATLAS Collaboration will upgrade its semiconductor pixel tracking detector with a new Insertable B-layer (IBL) between the existing pixel detector and the vacuum pipe of the Large Hadron Collider. The extreme operating conditions at this location have necessitated the development of new radiation hard pixel sensor technologies and a new front-end readout chip, called the FE-I4. Planar pixel sensors and 3D pixel sensors have been investigated to equip this new pixel layer, and prototype modules using the FE-I4A have been fabricated and characterized using 120 GeV pions at the CERN SPS and 4 GeV positrons at DESY, before and after module irradiation. Beam test results are presented, including charge collection efficiency, tracking efficiency and charge sharing.Comment: 45 pages, 30 figures, submitted to JINS

Brazil in the Era of Fascism: The “New State” of Getúlio Vargas

The New State established in Brazil by Getúlio Vargas (1937–1945) is the most important case of the institutionalisation of a dictatorship of the fascism era in Latin America. During this time, an impressive spectrum of authoritarian regimes was established, some of which were very instable and poorly institutionalised, while others were more consolidated. Roger Griffin coined the concept of para-fascism for some of them, and the “New State” of Getúlio Vargas in Brazil is a paradigmatic case. In this essay, we analyse the processes of institutional reform in 1930s Brazil paying particular attention to how domestic political actors look at institutional models of fascism and corporatism.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Repair of composite-to-masonry bond using flexible matrix

The paper presents an experimental investigation on an innovative repair method, in which composite reinforcements, after debonding, are re-bonded to the substrate using a highly deformable polymer. In order to assess the effectiveness of this solution, shear bond tests were carried out on brick and masonry substrates within two Round Robin Test series organized within the RILEM TC 250-CSM: Composites for Sustainable strengthening of Masonry. Five laboratories from Italy, Poland and Portugal were involved. The shear bond performance of the reinforcement systems before and after repair were compared in terms of ultimate loads, load-displacement curves and strain distributions. The results showed that the proposed repair method may provide higher strength and ductility than stiff epoxy resins, making it an effective and cost efficient technique for several perspective structural applications