Psychology of loneliness of high school students

AbstractThis study purposes to determine relation between the level of loneliness of the students who have been attended at four state high schools and the various variables such as school, sex, accommodation types and academic achievement. The sample of study is assigned through random sampling. For this, the sample of this study was composed with a hundred thirty-one female and one hundred thirty-six male students from four high schools in Erzurum. The sixty-five students from a high school, the seventy-two students from B high school, sixty students from C high school, sixty-eight students from D high school are randomly determined. Besides, the students who are written the composition with emotion of loneliness are sixty students at total. Thus, three hundred and twenty-five students compose the sample that accepted to attend. In this study, UCLA loneliness scale (University of California Los Angeles Loneliness Scale) and a short information form prepared by the researchers are used as data collection tool. The information relating school, sex, accommodation types and the average of period is wanted from the students at the form of information. The data obtained from loneliness scale (UCLA) is analyzed by using SPSS considering above variables. The compositions written by students are qualitatively evaluated by the researchers. According to finding of this study, a significant relation is found between the loneliness and sex at 0.05 significant levels. The levels of loneliness of girls are too many from the man (XF=22.27 and XM=20.88). Between accommodation types with the emotion of loneliness of the high school is found not to be significant relation. Furthermore, between the academic achievements with the emotion of loneliness of the high school is determined not to be an expressive relation

Ziarnistości pajeczynówki: rzadka przyczyna litycznych uszkodzeń kości potylicznej

Arachnoid granulation is often found incidentally in the dural sinuses and skull. It may also enlarge the dural sinus or inner table of the skull. We report a 46-year-old woman who presented with occipital headaches and arachnoid granulations in both transverse sinuses and torcular herophili. Neurological examination was normal. Fundoscopic examination, visual fields and acuity were normal. The headache resolved with medical treatment. No intervention for these lesions was planned. The patient was followed up with magnetic resonance imaging studies.Ziarnistości pajęczynówki są często spotykane przypadkowo w obrębie zatok żylnych opony twardej i w czaszce. Mogą również poszerzać zatokę żylną opony twardej lub blaszkę wewnętrzną kości czaszki. W pracy opisano przypadek 46-letniej kobiety, która zgłosiła się z powodu bólów głowy umiejscowionych w potylicy i ziarnistości pajęczynówki w obu zatokach poprzecznych i w spływie zatok. W badaniu neurologicznym, w tym w badaniu dna oka, pól widzenia i ostrości wzroku, nie stwierdzono nieprawidłowości. Ból głowy ustąpił po leczeniu zachowawczym. Nie planowano interwencji wobec stwierdzonych ziarnistości pajęczynówki. Prowadzono kontrolną obserwację badaniami za pomocą rezonansu magnetycznego

BMP-9 ve TGF-ß3 eklenmiş kondrojenik farklılaşma medyumunun transwell ko-kültürde hipertrofi üzerine etkisi

Mesenchymal stem cells are widely used in the treatment of many diseases, including osteoarthritis, due to their ability to differentiate into cartilage. The high chondrogenic differentiation potential of synovial fluid-derived mesenchymal stem cells increases the importance of these cells in osteoarthritis treatments. Addition of BMP-9 and TGF-ß3 into chondrogenic differentiation medium, increases chondrogenic differentiation and they also cause hypertrophic effects on chondrocytes. In our study, it was aimed to demonstrate the effects of BMP-9 and TGF-ß3 on cell hypertrophy by adding them into the chondrogenic basal medium during in vitro chondrogenic differentiation. In the study, stem cells in passage 5 and chondrocytes in passage 1 were cultured in a transwell co-culture system and six experimental groups were formed. Cell hypertrophy was demonstrated by examining MMP-13 and RUNX-2 gene expressions, in stem cells where chondrogenesis were induced in transwell co-culture. Although the addition of BMP-9 and TGF-ß3 to the chondrogenic medium increased hypertrophic gene expressions in experimental groups compared to control, the results were not statistically significant. The addition of BMP-9 and TGF-ß3, separately or in combination, during the chondrogenic differentiation of stem cells does not cause significant chondrocyte hypertrophy.Mezenkimal kök hücreler, kıkırdağa farklılaşma yetenekleri nedeniyle osteoartrit dahil birçok hastalığın tedavisinde yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Sinoviyal sıvı kökenli mezenkimal kök hücrelerinin kondrojenik farklılaşma potansiyellerinin fazla olması bu hücrelerin osteoartrit tedavilerindeki önemini artırmaktadır. Kondrojenik farklılaşma medyumuna ilave edilen BMP-9 ve TGF-ß3 büyüme faktörleri kondrojenik farklılaşmayı artırır ve aynı zamanda kondrositlerde hipertofik etkilere sebep olur. Çalışmamızda in vitro kondrojenik farklılaşma esnasında kondrojenik bazal medyuma ilave edilen BMP-9 ve TGF-ß3’ün hücre hipertrofisi üzerine etkilerinin gösterilmesi amaçlandı. Çalışmada transwell ko-kültür sisteminde 5. pasajdaki kök hücreler ve pasaj 1'deki kondrositler birlikte kültüre edildi ve altı deney grubu oluşturuldu. Hücre hipertrofisi, transwell ko-kültüründe kondrogenezin indüklendiği kök hücrelerde MMP-13 ve RUNX-2 gen ekspresyonları incelenerek gösterildi. BMP-9 ve TGF-ß3'ün kondrojenik ortama eklenmesi, kontrol grubuna göre deney gruplarında hipertrofik gen ekspresyonlarını artırmasına rağmen bu artış istatistiksel olarak anlamlı değildi. Kök hücrelerin kondrojenik farklılaşması esnasında BMP-9 ve TGF-ß3’ün ayrı ayrı veya birlikte kullanılması önemli derecede kıkırdak hücresi hipertrofisine neden olmamaktadır

Thermal necrosis-aided dental implant removal:A rabbit model pilot study

The significant advances in the materials and biological aspects of dental implants haven?t completely eradicated the implant failures. The removal of osseointegrated but otherwise failed implants present several challenges including adjacent tissues damage and necessity of bone augmentation for reimplantation. Controlled thermal necrosis has emerged as an alternative technique to aid removal of osseointegrated dental implants with minimal to no defect to healthy bone or surrounding tissues. This study aimed to evaluate the thermal necrosis-aided implant removal method in a rabbit osseointegration model. A total of 8 male New Zealand rabbits were used in the study. Two dental implants were placed on each femur of the rabbits. Heating of the implants was performed after 7 weeks following the implantation. Heating was done by contacting the tip of an electrosurgey tool in monopolar mode at different power settings and contact durations (5W ? 2 seconds, 5W ? 10 seconds, and 10 W ? 10 seconds). No heating was done on the control group. Implant stability right after implantation, before heat application and after heat application was determined using an Osstell? Mentor Device. Following the removal of implants histological analyses were performed to determine the effects of heat application at cellular level. ISQ values of the 10W-10s group was significantly lower compared to the other groups (p<0.001). No indication of progressive necrosis or irreversible damage was observed in any of the groups. However, the percent of empty-apoptotic lacunae were statistically higher in the 5W-10s and the 10W-10s groups compared the control and the 5W-2s groups. Within the conditions of this study, we conclude that heat application with an electrosurgery tool using monopolar mode at 10W power for 10 seconds is optimal for reversing osseointegration with no extensive or progressive damage to the bone

Investigation of the removal kinetics, thermodynamics and adsorption mechanism of anionic textile dye, Remazol Red RB, with powder pumice, a sustainable adsorbent from waste water

Excessive growth and abnormal use of dyes and water in the textile industry cause serious environmental problems, especially with excessive pollution of water bodies. Adsorption is an attractive, feasible, low-cost, highly efficient and sustainable technique in terms of green chemistry for the removal of pollutants from water. This study aims to investigate the removal kinetics, thermodynamics and adsorption mechanism of Remazol Red RB, which was chosen as a representative anionic reactive dye, from synthetic wastewater using powdered pumice, taking into account various experimental parameters such as initial dye concentration, adsorption time, temperature and pH. Moreover, to support the proposed adsorption mechanism, before and after adsorption of the samples, the Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer (FTIR) spectra, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) diffractograms and High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) images were also taken and used. The results show that powder pumice can be an efficient adsorbent for anionic dye removal with a relatively high adsorption capacity of 38.90 mg/g, and it is very effective in 30–60 min in mild conditions. The experimental data showed a high agreement with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the Freundlich adsorption isotherm equation. In addition, thermodynamically, the process exhibited exothermic nature and standard isosteric enthalpy and entropy changes of −4.93 kJ/mol and 16.11 J/mol. K were calculated. It was determined that the adsorption mechanism was predominantly based on T-shaped pi-pi interactions and had physical characteristics

Common polymorphisms of growth hormone: Growth hormone receptor axis in Turkish children with short stature

Objective: A single-nucleotide polymorphism of the growth hormone 1 gene, GH1IVS4+90A>T (rs2665802), associated with short stature and a polymorphism of the growth hormone receptor gene, exon 3 deleted variant, associated with increased responsiveness to growth hormone have been reported previously. We aimed to investigate the frequency of both polymorphisms and their correlation to height in Turkish short children. Also, we aimed to evaluate the effect of exon 3 deleted variant on response to 1-year growth hormone therapy. Materials and Methods: Children with idiopathic isolated growth hormone deficiency (n = 39) and with idiopathic short stature (n = 10) and 50 control subjects were evaluated for anthropo-metric parameters, annual growth velocity, and annual height gain. Growth hormone receptor gene polymorphisms were analyzed via multiplex polymerase chain reaction; growth hormone 1 gene polymorphism was analyzed via polymerase chain reaction and single-strand confor-mation polymorphism techniques. Results: The frequency of genotypes carrying the “A” allele was not significantly higher in the idiopathic isolated growth hormone deficiency group than in the idiopathic short stature and control groups (P = .03 for each). The exon 3 deleted variant genotype was significantly lower in the idiopathic short stature group compared to the control group (P = .01). There was no effect of exon 3 deleted variant, on response to the first-year growth hormone therapy. Conclusion: In Turkish population, no correlation was found between the “A” allele of GH1IVS4+90A>T polymorphism and idiopathic isolated growth hormone deficiency and short stature, and a significant negative correlation was found between exon 3 deleted variant and idiopathic short stature and short stature. Exon 3 deleted variant has no effect on response to growth hormone treatment.Istanbul Universit

Geçici Hiperglisemi anında Sevofluran ve Desfluranın Eritrosit Deformabilitesi Üzerine Etkilerinin Araştırılması

Aim: Micro and macrovascular complications due to long-term hyperglycemia are associated with increased mortality and morbidity. Erythrocytes exposed to hyperglycemia for a long time may cause morphological changes in erythrocytes such as decreased deformability and development of aggregation. As a result, complications such as shortening life span of erythrocytes, impairment of oxygen carrying capacity, tissue hypoxia may occur. In our study, we would like to investigate the effects of Sevoflurane and Desflurane on erythrocyte deformability during transient hyperglycemia. Materials and Methods: In this study, 30 male Wistar albino rats were used. The animals were randomly divided into five groups, each contained 6 rats: Diabetic control (group DC), diabetic hyperglycemia group (group DH), diabetic hyperglycemia group with desflurane (group DH-D), and diabetic hyperglycemia group with sevoflurane (group DH-S) groups. Another 6 rats without diabetes were assigned as control group (group C). Streptozotocin- induced diabetic rats were kept 6 weeks, then transient hyperglycemia was created, and the administration of sevoflurane and desflurane were performed. After 24 hours blood samples were obtained and deformability measurements were performed in erythrocyte suspensions containing Htc 5% in a PBS buffer. Results: Diabetes mellitus was found to increase relative resistance in the control group (p <0.0001). Acute hyperglycemia increased relative resistance in diabetes control, relatively. Group DH, Group DH-D and Group DH-S deformability index were significantly different when compared to Group DC (p=0.007, p=0.025, p=0.016, respectively). It was found that administration of desflurane or sevoflurane did not alter erythrocyte deformability during acute hyperglycemia (p = 0.591, p = 0.739). Conclusion: As a consequence, we think that we can safely use inhalation anesthetics such as Desflurane and Sevoflurane during acute hyperglycemia attacks. But, it needs further investigation as both experimental and clinicalAmaç: Uzun süreli hipergliseminin oluşturduğu mikro ve makrovasküler komplikasyonlar mortalite ve morbidite artışı ile birliktedir. Eritrositlerin ise yaşam süreleri boyunca uzun süre hiperglisemiye maruz kalmaları morfolojik olarak eritrositlerde deformabilitede azalma ve agregasyon gelişmesi gibi bir takım değişikliklere neden olmaktadır. Bunun sonucunda eritrositlerin yaşam sürelerinde kısalma, oksijen taşıma kapasitesinde bozukluk, doku hipoksisi gibi komplikasyonlar meydana gelmektedir. Sevofluran ve desfluranın ise eritrosit deformabilitesi üzerine etkileri ile ilgili çeşitli çalışmalar mevcuttur. Biz de bu çalışmamızda geçici olarak oluşturulan hiperglisemi sırasında sevofluran ve desfluranın eritrosit deformabilitesi üzerine etkilerini araştırmayı amaçladık. Yöntem: Çalışma Gazi Üniversitesi Deneysel ve Klinik Araştırma Merkezi'nde Gazi Üniversitesi Deney Hayvanları Etik Kurulu onayı ile yapıldı. Çalışmaya 30 rat dahil edildi. Ratlar; kontrol grubu, diyabetik-kontrol, diyabetik hiperglisemi, diyabetik–hiperglisemi-sevofluran, diyabetik-hiperglisemi- desfluran olmak üzere 5 gruba ayrıldı. Streptozosin ile diyabet oluşturulan ratlar 6 hafta yaşatıldıktan sonra geçici hipergilisemi oluşturuldu ve sevofluran ve desfluran anestezisi uygulandı. 24 saat sonra kan örnekleri alındı ve santrifüj edildi. Eritrosit deformabilitesi sabit akım filtrometre sistemleri kullanılarak ölçüldü. Rölatif rezistansının artması eritrosit deformabilitesinin azalması olarak yorumlandı. Bulgular: Diyabet oluşturulmasının kontrol grubuna göre rölatif rezistansı arttırdığı bulundu (p<0.0001). Akut hiperglisemi, diyabet kontrol grubuna göre rölatif rezistansı arttırdı. Grup DH, Grup DH-D ve Grup DH-S deformabilite indeksi Grup DK ile karşılaştırıldığında anlamlı olarak farklı bulundu (p=0.007, p=0.025, p=0.016). Akut hiperglisemi sırasında Desfluran veya Sevofluran uygulanmasının ise eritrosit deformabilitesini değiştirmediği tespit edildi (p=0.591, p=0.739). Sonuç: Sevofluran ve Desfluran gibi inhalasyon ajanların akut hiperglisemi sırasında güvenle kullanılabileceğini düşünmekteyiz. Ancak bu bulguların daha detaylı ve geniş serilerde yapılacak klinik ve deneysel çalışmalarla desteklenmesi gerekmektedir

The Effect of Prevention For Peer Bullying in Secondary School

DergiPark: 481899tmsjAims: Peer bullying is a frequent problem among adolescents. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of complementary prevention for peer bullying in 11-14-year-old adolescents with family, teacher, student collaboration and to assess the effect of peer bullying on the quality of life. Methods: Seven hundred sixty students registered in school between ages 11-14, and who accepted to participate in the study were included in our investigation. Olweus Bully/Victim Questionnaire and Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory were used as data collection tools in the study. After the pre-test, school teachers and two selected students from each class; a total of 48 students were trained in peer bullying in small group. Interactive awareness activities were organized for the students at the school with all trained students and teachers to raise awareness of peer bullying. Afterwards, information brochures were distributed to the children and parents. 3 weeks after the training post-test was applied. The statistical evaluation of the study was carried out by using Chi-square and Student’s t-tests. Results: The questions about bullying and victimization were analyzed. In the study, the rate of victim students reduced from 43.2% to 30.4%; the rate of bully students reduced from 23.4% to 21.7%. There was a significant reduction in the rate of people involved in peer bullying. Nevertheless, Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory assessment of health-related quality of life in our group showed that the quality of life of students who were not involved in peer bullying was significantly higher. After our training, quality of life significantly increased in students who were not involved in bullying, compared to the ones who are involved in bullying. Conclusion: In our study group, it was observed that the quality of life of students who were not involved in peer bullying was significantly higher. The number of people involved in peer bullying decreased significantly. The low number of invalid surveys revealed that our research was successful in attracting the attention of the target group

Utjecaj dodatka srebrne pokožice zrna kave na in-vitro preživljavanje kefirne kulture tijekom skladištenja

Probiotic dairy products must contain a certain level of live probiotic microorganisms at the time of consumption. The number of live microorganisms in kefir culture, which is a mixture of different microorganisms, may change during storage due to various factors. In this study, the effects of adding a novel ingredient coffee bean membrane (CSS-coffee silverskin), on the viability of microorganisms contained in kefir culture were investigated. For this purpose, CSS obtained from 2 different coffee varieties (Arabica and Robusta) was added to kefir samples at 3 different concentrations (0.5, 0.75 and 1.0 %) at the beginning of fermentation. It was observed that especially the addition of CSS belonging to the Robusta variety significantly increased the viability of lactic acid bacteria (lactobacilli and lactococci) which accounted for 88-94.10 % and 82.37-92.44 % respectively. During the storage period of 28 days at 4 °C; it could be observed that kefir enrichment with CSS of both coffee varieties increased the viability of lactobacilli and lactococci after in-vitro digestion, depending on the rate of supplementation. Number of yeasts was decreased during the storage.Probiotički mliječni proizvodi moraju u trenutku konzumacije sadržavati određenu količinu živih probitičkih bakterija. Kefirna kultura sadrži različite vrste mikroorganizama čiji se broj, ovisno o brojnim čimbenicima, može mijenjati tijekom skladištenja. U ovom je istraživanju ispitivan utjecaj dodatka novog tipa funkcionalnog sastojka - srebrne pokožice zrna kave (eng. CSS, coffee silverskin) na raspoloživost mikroorganizama koji čine kefirnu kulturu. U tu svrhu je CSS dobiven iz dvije vrste kave (Arabica i Robusta) dodavan uzorcima kefira u tri različite koncentracije (0,5, 0,75 i 1,0 %) na početku procesa fermentacije. Utvrđeno je kako je prije svega dodatak CSS dobivenog od Robusta vrste značajno utjecao na preživljavanje bakterija mliječne kiseline (laktobacila i laktokoka) koja je iznosila 88,00-94.10 %, odnosno 82,37-92,44 %. Tijekom 28 dana skladištenja na 4 °C utvrđeno je kako obogaćivanje kefira s CSS dobivenim iz obje vrste kave povećava preživljavanje laktobacila i laktokoka u uvjetima in vitro probave, što je uvjetovano količinom dodatka. Također, broj plijesni padao je tijekom skladištenja

Foramen Magnum Decompression and Duraplasty is Superior to Only Foramen Magnum Decompression in Chiari Malformation Type 1 Associated with Syringomyelia in Adults

Study DesignRetrospective cohort study.PurposeTo compare surgical results of foramen magnum decompression with and without duraplasty in Chiari malformation type 1 (CM-1) associated syringomyelia (SM).Overview of LiteratureThe optimal surgical treatment of CM-1 associated with SM is unclear.MethodsTwenty-five cases of CM-1 with SM were included. There were 12 patients (48%) in the non-duraplasty group and 13 patients (52%) in the duraplasty group. The rate of improvement, state of postoperative SM size, amount of tonsillar herniation, preoperative symptom duration, complications and reoperation rates were analysed.ResultsThe rate of clinical improvement was significantly higher with duraplasty (84.6%) than without (33.3%, p <0.05). The rate of postoperative syrinx regression was significantly higher in the duraplasty group (84.6%) than in the non-duraplasty group (33.3%, p <0.05). One case in the duraplasty group needed a reoperation compared with five cases in the non-duraplasty group (p =0.059).ConclusionsDuraplasty is superior to non-duraplasty in CM-1 associated with SM despite a slightly higher complication rate