Food and feeding habits of Saurida Tumbil (Block, 1795) off Mumbai waters

The present investigation suggests that Saurida tumbil (Bloch, 1795) is carnivorous and predacious feeding mainly on fishes followed by crustaceans and molluscs. Cannibalism has been observed in the species. Young ones of this species were observed to feed on small fish and Acetes spp., while adults feed on a variety of food. However, fish seems to be the preferred food item. Monthly gastro-somatic index in males indicates poor feeding in the month of february and maximum during august and september. In females, monthly gastro-somatic index indicate poor feeding in december and maximum during january and march. Sex wise study of feeding intensity did not reveal significant difference in males and females

Perception of micro entrepreneurs towards Qardh al Hasan loan at MARA Pasir Puteh / Nurbahiah Mohamed Metar@Mukhtar

In Malaysia, people are paying more attention to the so called Islamic economy. This is seen to arise from their increasing need to the establishment of financial institutions that are based in Shariah (Islamic law) and regardless whether or not the institution uses a banking system such as Majlis Amanah Rakyat (MARA). Moreover, as the majority of Malaysians are Malay and Muslim, the opportunity for a financial market that is based on Shariah is far reaching. At MARA, they had provided Islamic loan like Murabahah, Bai Bithaman Ajil, Bai Inah and Also Qardh Al Hasan. One of the Islamic microfinance that the researcher wants to highlight here is Qardh Al Hasan. This loan is not very famous among Malaysians and most of them did not know at all the existence of this kind of loan. So this study will analyze the perception of micro entrepreneur towards Qardh al Hasan loan at MARA Pasir Puteh. The process of this research included library research and field research. The library research was conducted to obtain information from books, pamphlet, papers, journals, newspapers and the data associated with reference and research topic, while the field research used questionnaires. This study involves 65 respondents out of 84 borrowers at MARA Pasir Puteh. The data collected through the questionnaires were analyzed using Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) software 20.0

Effects of physiological doses of vitamin D sub(3) (Cholecalciferol) on induced molting and growth in giant freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii (de Man)

Effects of three different doses of vitamin D sub(3) on molting, growth, and calcium and phosphate composition of tissue and molt during the grow-out of the giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii (average weight 10.56 ± 0.20 g), obtained from a grow-out pond, were studied. Intramuscular doses of vitamin D sub(3) (100, 500 and 2000 IU/kg body weight) were given on the 1st, 3rd, 5th, 7th, 9th, 11th, 13th, 15th, 20th, 25th and 30th days. All the experimental animals were fed with a basal diet containing fish meal, shrimp meal, wheat flour, groundnut de-oiled cake, soybean meal and wheat bran at 3% of the body weight. The numbers of molts were recorded as 20±0.50, 29±1.16, 51±1.87, and 30±1.60 in control, 100, 500 and 2000 IU/kg body weight physiological doses, respectively. Maximum growth was recorded in prawns given 500 IU/ kg dose. Survival was between 58.33 ± 9.13 and 77.77 ± 8.61%. The ash content and calcium level increased significantly (p0.05) in both tissue and molt at 500 and 2000 IU/kg doses. It was found that a higher physiological dose (2000 IU/kg) of vitamin D sub(3) increased the rate of mortality. Results have shown that vitamin D sub(3) has a positive impact on the growth and survival of M. rosenbergii and it interferes with the metabolism of Ca and P sub(i), in tissue, and alters molting frequency. Results on physiological dose suggest an alternative and effective dietary supplementation method of vitamin D sub(3) in the grow-out phase of M. rosenbergii

Correlation of phytoplankton density with certain hydrological parameters along the coastal waters of Veraval, Gujarat

The present study was conducted to study the biological diversity of phytoplankton and the impact of abiotic factors on them along coastal waters at two locations viz., Location-1 (Jaleshwar) and Location-2 (Sagareshwar Mandir), Veraval from May 2012 to April 2013. Six classes of marine phytoplankton were identified from these locations. Out of the total 162 species of marine phytoplankton collected, nine could not be identified. Diatoms were the dominant group (133 spp.) followed by dianoflagellates (12 spp.), blue-green algae, brown or orange chromatophores and green algae. The correlation between the density of phytoplankton with the environmental variables viz., Dissolved Oxygen and pH were significantly positive, whereas it was inversely correlated with temperature and salinity. The density of phytoplankton, ranged from 4,90,495 to 8,57,160 cells L-1 and 3,87,495 to 8,65,665 cells L-1 at Location-1 and Location-2 respectively. Phytoplankton cell count was the highest and lowest in January and March respectively and the diversity was higher in winter than other seasons. The diversity of marine phytoplankton was very high along the coastal waters of Veraval (at both the locations of study) which confirms that the Veraval coastline is very productive and supportive for fish production and also for other marine biodiversity

Perhitungan Estimasi Waktu Dan Biaya Pelaksanaan Pekerjaan Box Girder Dengan Metode Balance Cantilever Pada Proyek Fly Over Cakung

Proyek Pembangunan Flyover Cakung merupakan salah satu dari program pemerintah provinsi DKI jakarta melalui Dinas Bina Marga Provinsi DKI Jakarta tahun 2019-2020 yang akan membangun beberapa simpang tak sebidang berupa underpas maupun Flyover dengan tujuan untuk mengurangi kemacetan arus lalu lintas di wilayak ibukota lebih khusus lagi kemacetan yang sering terjadi di kawasan Sentra Primer Timur yaitu pada jalur kereta api lintas Jatinegara-Bekasi. Terdapat lima perlintasan besar antara jalan dengan rel kereta api, dimana 4 perlintasan sudah ditingkatkan menjadi perlintasan tak sebidang untuk memecah arus kemacetan sehingga saat ini menyisakan satu perlintasan yang perlu di tingkatkan menjadi tidak sebidang yaitu di perlintasam stasiun Cakung. Dengan di bangunnya Flyover Cakung ini, diharapkan kemacetan yang terjadi akibat persimpangan sebidang yang melewati jalur kereta api bisa terurai. Flyover Cakung terletak di jalan I Gusti Ngurah Rai dan berbelok menuju jalan baru Cakung dengan melewati perlintasan kereta api Jakarta-Bekasi. Fyover ini memiliki panjang 760 meter dengan lebar 18 meter dengan span terpanjang sepanjang 80m dari P8 dan P9 yang berbelok ke arah jalan baru Cakung dan berada di antara perlintasan kereta api. Flyover ini menggunakan metode Balance Cantilever Cast in situ dengan form travelller dalam pekerjaan Box Girder mulai dari P7 hingga P10. Metode Balance Canliever Cast in situ dengan form traveller digunakan dalam pembuatan jembatan layang dengan memanfaatkan efek kantilever seimbangnya. Metode ini digunakan supaya tidak menggangu dari aktivitas perlintasan kereta api dan jalan exsisting yang ada di proyek dikarenakan tidak memerlukan perancah di bawahnya. Tugas Akhir Terapan ini membahas mengenai perencanaan estimasi waktu dan biaya yang diperlukan untuk menyelesaikan pekerjaan struktur Flyover cakung yang dimuali dari P7 sampai P10 pada pekerjaan box girder sepanjang 180 meter yang terdiri dari 32 segmen dengan menggunakan metode balance cantilever dengan form traveller. Proses manajemen ini mengelola kegiatan berskala besar dengan memanfaatkan tenaga kerja, alat, bahan, metode dan biaya yang diperlukan selama proses manajemen berlangsung dalam durasi waktu tertentu. Analisa yang dilakukan dalam pembahasan ini yaitu menghitung volume pada tiap item pekerjaan, produktivitas alat berat, kebutuhan tenaga kerja dan bahan yang diperlukan. Berdasarkan analisa yang dilakukan dari berbagai studi literatur dan jurnal mengenai estimasi waktu dan biaya didapatkan hasil durasi dari setiap item pekerjaan dan rencana anggaran biaya pelaksanaan proyek. Pada proyek pembangunan Fly Over Cakung pada pekerjaan Box Girder dengan metode Balance Cantilever mulai dari P7 sampai P10 ini diperoleh durasi pada pekerjaan persiapan, struktur bawah dan struktur atas diselesaikan dalam waktu 309 hari. dengan asumsi bahwa hari sabtu dan minggu tetap masuk dengan jam kerja normal, tanpa lembur yaitu selama 7 jam kerja per hari dari pukul 8.00–16.00 dan 1 jam istirahat pukul 12.00-13.00. Total biaya pekerjaan tersebut sebesar Rp. 52.956.001.919 termasuk biaya K3 sebesar 2,5%. Pengendalian pelaksanaan proyek harus dilakukan dengan sebaik mungkin termasuk dalam penjadwalan kebutuhan sumber daya agar dalam waktu kedepan tidak menimbulkan pembengkakan biaya dan keterlambatan proyek tanpa mengabaikan kualitas dan kuantitas sumber daya. ======================================================================================================================== The Development Project Flyover Cakungis one of the DKI Jakarta provincial government programs through the DKI Jakarta Provincial Highways Office in 2019-2020 which will build several non-level intersections in the form of underpasses and flyovers with the aim of reducing traffic congestion in the capital area, more specifically congestion. which often occurs in the East Primary Center area, namely on the Jatinegara-Bekasi railway line. There are five major crossings between the road and the railroad, where 4 crossings have been upgraded to non-level crossings to break up the traffic congestion so that currently there is one crossing that needs to be upgraded to non-level crossings, namely at the Cakung station crossing. With the construction of theFlyover Cakung, it is hoped that the congestion that occurs due to the intersection of a plot that passes through the railway line can be broken down. TheFlyover is Cakunglocated on Jalan I Gusti Ngurah Rai and turns towards the new Cakung road by passing the Jakarta-Bekasi railway crossing. flyover80 Thishas a length of 760 meters with a width of 18 meters with the longest span ofmeters from P8 and P9 which turns towards the new Cakung road and is between railroad crossings. flyover Thisuses themethod Balance Cantilever Cast in situ with a traveler form in Box Girder work starting from P7 to P10. Themethod Balance Canliever Cast in situ with a traveler form is used in the manufacture of flyovers by utilizing the balanced cantilever effect. This method is used so as not to interfere with existing rail and road crossing activities in the project because it does not require scaffolding underneath. This Applied Final Project discusses the time and cost estimation planning needed to complete thestructure work Flyover cakungstarting from P7 to P10 on a 180 meter long box girder consisting of 32 segments using themethod balance cantilever with a form traveler. This management process manages large-scale activities by utilizing labor, tools, materials, methods and costs required during the management process for a certain duration of time. The analysis carried out in this discussion is to calculate the volume of each work item, productivity of heavy equipment, labor requirements and materials needed. Based on the analysis conducted from various literature studies and journals regarding time and cost estimates, the results obtained for the duration of each work item and the project implementation budget plan. In theconstruction project Fly Over Cakungonwork Box Girder with themethod Balance Cantilever starting from P7 to P10, the duration of the preparation work, the lower structure and the upper structure was completed within 309 days. assuming that Saturdays and Sundays are still included with normal working hours, without overtime, namely for 7 hours of work per day from 8.00-16.00 and 1 hour of rest at 12.00-13.00. The total cost of the work is Rp. 52.956.001.919 including 2.5% K3 costs. Project implementation control must be carried out as well as possible including scheduling resource requirements so that in the future it does not cause cost overruns and project delays without neglecting the quality and quantity of resources

Studies on growth and mortality of Moustached Thryssa, <em>Thryssa mystax</em> (Schneider, 1801) along the Ratnagiri coast of Maharashtra, India

1065-1068Growth and mortality parameters of Moustached Thryssa, Thryssa mystax were estimated on the basis of length frequency data collected during March 2015 to February 2016. The asymptotic length (L∞) and growth coefficient (K) were estimated to be 224 mm and 1.0 per year respectively by ELEFAN and 243 mm and 1.0 per year respectively by scattergram. t0 by von Bertalanffy plot was estimated to be - 0.0036 year. This species attains a size of 83, 142, 174 and 194 mm at the end of six, twelve, eighteen and twenty four months respectively. Mortality parameters Z, M and F were estimated at 5.58, 1.03 and 4.55 respectively. Length at first capture for T. mystax was found to be 147.5 mm. The present exploitation ratio was determined to be 0.81. Relative yield per recruit analysis showed Emax at 0.852

In Vitro Wound Healing Activities of Three Most Commonly Used Thai Medicinal Plants and Their Three Markers

Skin ensures that a constant internal environment can be maintained in an ever-changing external environment. When a wound occurs on the skin, the inflammatory and proliferative phases are initiated in response to injury. Thai traditional medicine (TTM), using medicinal plants and ancient knowledge, has been used to treat wounds. Eight Thai medicinal plants, most commonly used to treat wounds, were evaluated for their in vitro biological activities such as antioxidation by NBT assay, anti-inflammation by production inhibition of NO, promoting fibroblast cell proliferation, and wound closure activities. Plant materials were extracted with 95% ethanol or distilled water and then concentrated and dried. Statistical analysis of data was done using one-way ANOVA at p value of 0.05. The ethanolic extracts of Garcinia mangostana L., Glycyrrhiza glabra L., and Nigella sativa L. could inhibit the production of superoxide anion with the IC50 values of 13.97 ± 0.38, 28.62 ± 1.91, and 71.54 ± 3.22 μg/ml and nitric oxide with the IC50 values of 23.97 ± 0.91, 46.35 ± 0.43, and 78.48 ± 4.46 μg/ml, respectively. These extracts could promote cell proliferation and accelerate wound recovery at the rate of 2.02 ± 0.03, 2.12 ± 0.03, and 2.65 ± 0.05% per hour, respectively. Three established markers from these three plants were selected according to the selection criteria. Alpha-mangostin, glycyrrhizin, and thymoquinone were found to be the active markers for wound closure activities. The ethanolic extracts of G. mangostana, G. glabra, and N. sativa could scavenge superoxide anion and inhibit the production of nitric oxide; therefore these extracts could assist in surpassing the inflammatory phase and protected the cells surrounding the wound area. Most importantly, these extracts also increased the proliferation and accelerated wound closure, indicating that these plant extracts could be promoting wound healing processes and support the use of TTM