10 research outputs found
Kinetic Theory and Fast Wind Observations of the Electron Strahl
We develop a model for the strahl population in the solar wind -- a narrow,
low-density and high-energy electron beam centered on the magnetic field
direction. Our model is based on the solution of the electron drift-kinetic
equation at heliospheric distances where the plasma density, temperature, and
the magnetic field strength decline as power-laws of the distance along a
magnetic flux tube. Our solution for the strahl depends on a number of
parameters that, in the absence of the analytic solution for the full electron
velocity distribution function (eVDF), cannot be derived from the theory. We
however demonstrate that these parameters can be efficiently found from
matching our solution with observations of the eVDF made by the Wind
satellite's SWE strahl detector. The model is successful at predicting the
angular width (FWHM) of the strahl for the Wind data at 1 AU, in particular by
predicting how this width scales with particle energy and background density.
We find the strahl distribution is largely determined by the local temperature
Knudsen number , which parametrizes solar wind
collisionality. We compute averaged strahl distributions for typical Knudsen
numbers observed in the solar wind, and fit our model to these data. The model
can be matched quite closely to the eVDFs at 1 AU, however, it then
overestimates the strahl amplitude at larger heliocentric distances. This
indicates that our model may be improved through the inclusion of additional
physics, possibly through the introduction of "anomalous diffusion" of the
strahl electrons
The Semantic Web in Federated Information Systems: A Space Physics Case Study
This paper presents a new theoretical contribution that provides a middle-of-the-road approach to formal ontologies in federated information systems. NASA’s space physics domain, like many other domains, is relatively unfamiliar with the emerging Semantic Web. This work offers a new framework that garners the benefits of formal logic yet shields participants and users from the details of the technology. Moreover, the results of a case study involving the utilization of the Semantic Web within NASA’s space physics domain are presented. A real-world search and retrieval system, relying on relational database technology, is compared against a near identical system that incorporates a formal ontology. The efficiency, efficacy, and implementation details of the Semantic Web are compared against the established relational database technology
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