The Bolocam Galactic Plane Survey IV: 1.1 and 0.35 mm Dust Continuum Emission in the Galactic Center Region

The Bolocam Galactic Plane Survey (BGPS) data for a six square degree region of the Galactic plane containing the Galactic center is analyzed and compared to infrared and radio continuum data. The BGPS 1.1 mm emission consists of clumps interconnected by a network of fainter filaments surrounding cavities, a few of which are filled with diffuse near-IR emission indicating the presence of warm dust or with radio continuum characteristic of HII regions or supernova remnants. New 350 {\mu}m images of the environments of the two brightest regions, Sgr A and B, are presented. Sgr B2 is the brightest mm-emitting clump in the Central Molecular Zone and may be forming the closest analog to a super star cluster in the Galaxy. The Central Molecular Zone (CMZ) contains the highest concentration of mm and sub-mm emitting dense clumps in the Galaxy. Most 1.1 mm features at positive longitudes are seen in silhouette against the 3.6 to 24 {\mu}m background observed by the Spitzer Space Telescope. However, only a few clumps at negative longitudes are seen in absorption, confirming the hypothesis that positive longitude clumps in the CMZ tend to be on the near-side of the Galactic center, consistent with the suspected orientation of the central bar in our Galaxy. Some 1.1 mm cloud surfaces are seen in emission at 8 {\mu}m, presumably due to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). A ~0.2\degree (~30 pc) diameter cavity and infrared bubble between l \approx 0.0\degree and 0.2\degree surrounds the Arches and Quintuplet clusters and Sgr A. The bubble contains several clumpy dust filaments that point toward Sgr A\ast; its potential role in their formation is explored. [abstract truncated]Comment: 76 pages, 22 figures, published in ApJ: http://iopscience.iop.org/0004-637X/721/1/137

Aptamer-based multiplexed proteomic technology for biomarker discovery

Interrogation of the human proteome in a highly multiplexed and efficient manner remains a coveted and challenging goal in biology. We present a new aptamer-based proteomic technology for biomarker discovery capable of simultaneously measuring thousands of proteins from small sample volumes (15 [mu]L of serum or plasma). Our current assay allows us to measure ~800 proteins with very low limits of detection (1 pM average), 7 logs of overall dynamic range, and 5% average coefficient of variation. This technology is enabled by a new generation of aptamers that contain chemically modified nucleotides, which greatly expand the physicochemical diversity of the large randomized nucleic acid libraries from which the aptamers are selected. Proteins in complex matrices such as plasma are measured with a process that transforms a signature of protein concentrations into a corresponding DNA aptamer concentration signature, which is then quantified with a DNA microarray. In essence, our assay takes advantage of the dual nature of aptamers as both folded binding entities with defined shapes and unique sequences recognizable by specific hybridization probes. To demonstrate the utility of our proteomics biomarker discovery technology, we applied it to a clinical study of chronic kidney disease (CKD). We identified two well known CKD biomarkers as well as an additional 58 potential CKD biomarkers. These results demonstrate the potential utility of our technology to discover unique protein signatures characteristic of various disease states. More generally, we describe a versatile and powerful tool that allows large-scale comparison of proteome profiles among discrete populations. This unbiased and highly multiplexed search engine will enable the discovery of novel biomarkers in a manner that is unencumbered by our incomplete knowledge of biology, thereby helping to advance the next generation of evidence-based medicine

Avaliação da Vergonha em Adolescentes: ‘The Other as Shamer Scale’

Shame, as a self-conscious, multidimensional and socially focused emotion, plays a central role in the mental health of individuals. In adolescents, shame is also a frequent experience and its assessment is important for research and clinical practice. This study aims to validate a brief measure of external shame (Other as Shamer Scale – brief version for adolescents: (OASB-A). The participants were 834 adolescents with a mean age of 15 years. The final model of the OASB-A (8 items), obtained through CFA, presents a good fit to the data. The OASB-A shows a good internal consistency and an adequate temporal reliability. The OASB-A also reveals significant correlations with traumatic shame experiences (IES-R) and psychopathological symptoms (DASS-21). The OASB-A is an economic and reliable measure to assess external shame in adolescents

Australia\u27s health 2002 : the eighth biennial report of the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare

Australia\u27s Health 2002 is the eighth biennial health report of the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. It is the nation\u27s authoritative source of information on patterns of health and illness, determinants of health, the supply and use of health services, and health service costs and performance. Australia\u27s Health 2002 is an essential reference and information resource for all Australians with an interest in health

Evaluating the historical impacts of landscape transformation on hydrologic fluxes for environmental assessment and modeling

Land use/cover change can have a profound impact on the hydrologic cycle, with significant consequences for both water resources management and ecosystem services. However, a lack of concurrent land use/cover and water flux data for large watersheds over historical time scales has largely prevented scientists and water resource managers from being able to perform detailed hydrologic analyses spanning 50 or more years. To overcome the limitations provided by a lack of historical land use/cover data, a “backcast” method was developed to estimate historical land cover using proxies from U.S. Census data and agricultural statistics. This backcasting method was applied to the Muskegon River Watershed in southwestern Michigan. Land cover backcasts from 1910 to 1978 were then used as inputs into a macroscale water and energy balance model, the Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC) model. Model results for simulations run using identical climate records but different land cover data suggest that widespread agricultural abandonment and afforestation have dramatically altered the seasonal water balance of the basin. Also, urbanization over the last century has changed the ratio of stream flow provided by overland flow versus near surface baseflow. However, despite strong patterns of change at sub-watershed scales, the model predicted no significant overall change in mean monthly or annual stream flow for the watershed as a whole. Thus water resources managers focusing solely on watershed-scale stream flow for impact assessment would not detect fundamental alterations in the water balance of the region. Future refinements of the method developed here to analyze the hydrologic dynamics of large watersheds will include modification of proxy datasets used to backcast land cover change and enhancement of the parameterization of vegetation and urban areas within the hydrologic model. Overall, this approach allows water resource managers to develop large-scale assessments of hydrologic changes resulting from land cover variations, using data that are available for most large watersheds in the U.S

Pinf9_full_MSN_DAPC_3alleles_info_checked

Analysis details of MSN and DAPC, in addition to the information pertaining to number of Mexican P. infestans isolates with three alleles by region and locus

Data from: High levels of diversity and population structure in the potato late blight pathogen at the Mexico center of origin

Globally destructive crop pathogens often emerge by migrating out of their native ranges. These pathogens are often diverse at their center of origin, and may exhibit adaptive variation in the invaded range via multiple introductions from different source populations. However, source populations are generally unidentified or poorly studied compared to invasive populations. Phytophthora infestans, the causal agent of late blight, is one of the most costly pathogens of potato and tomato worldwide. Mexico is the center of origin and diversity of P. infestans and migration events out of Mexico have enormously impacted disease dynamics in North America and Europe. The debate over the origin of the pathogen, and population studies of P. infestans in Mexico, have focused on the Toluca Valley, whereas neighboring regions have been little studied. We examined the population structure of P. infestans across central Mexico, including samples from Michoacán, Tlaxcala, and Toluca. We found high levels of diversity consistent with sexual reproduction in Michoacán and Tlaxcala, and population subdivision that was strongly associated with geographical region. We determined that population structure in Central Mexico has contributed to diversity in introduced populations based on relatedness of U.S. clonal lineages to Mexican isolates from different regions. Our results suggest that P. infestans exists as a metapopulation in Central Mexico, and this population structure could be contributing to the repeated re-emergence of P. infestans in the U.S. and elsewhere

Pinf9_full_MSN_DAPC_3alleles_info_checked

Analysis details of MSN and DAPC, in addition to the information pertaining to number of Mexican P. infestans isolates with three alleles by region and locus