A STUDY OF THE CHALLENGES FACED BY STUDENTS WHO IDENTIFY AS REFUGEES WHO HAVE EXPERIENCED INTERRUPTED EDUCATION AND TRAUMA

Every year, more than 65 million people are displaced worldwide. These refugees, asylum seekers, and internally displaced people flee conflict, poverty, environmental degradation, and other conditions forcing them from their homes. In 2020, the number of individuals internally displaced reached 82.4 million; of this total, 26.4 million were refugees. In 2021, of the 11,411 refugees resettled in the United States, 8.6% resettled in California. When refugee students come to San Diego, the majority resettle in the neighborhoods of City Heights and El Cajon. These refugee children have lived on the road or in refugee camps, faced consistent interruptions to a formal education, and experienced trauma. Most educators have received little or no training on how to address academic and social needs of refugee students. These students come from a variety of home countries with diverse backgrounds. Knowing how to help them is further complicated by limited research on the lived experiences of refugee students from their own perspectives. Knowing how to address the barriers that prevent these students from performing well in school and improving their lives is essential. This qualitative research study documented the experiences of nine refugee high school students attending one charter school in City Heights that serves many refugee students. Using a narrative qualitative research approach, the study focused on students’ premigration and postmigration experiences to generate critical knowledge about the challenges they continue to face and how the school site has arranged to support their success. The study can serve as a resource to understand how to help refugee students enculturate into a new educational setting. The study informs stakeholders interested in issues related to trauma and refugee students and as to how they can construct more effective educational practices to support their academic success and overall well-being

Učestalost trombocitoze, trombocitopenije, limfocitoze i limfocitopenije u bolesnika s infekcijom donjih dišnih putova i bolesnika s infekcijom mokraćnog sustava

There are many reasons for abnormal lymphocyte and platelet counts. In this study, we aimed to assess the prevalence of thrombocytosis, thrombocytopenia, lymphocytosis and lymphocytopenia in patients with lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) and patients with urinary tract infection (UTI). This retrospective study included 52 LRTI patients and 60 UTI patients. Control group consisted of 70 healthy individuals admitted to the infectiology outpatient unit. No statistically significant relationship was found between the groups of subjects and platelet count. Seven (11.7%) UTI patients and four (7.7%) LRTI patients had lymphocytopenia but there was no statistically significant relationship between the groups of subjects and lymphocyte count. Study results suggested a conclusion that lymphocyte and platelet counts could be within the normal ranges in patients with UTI, as well as in those with LRTI.Mnogo je razloga koji mogu poremetiti broj limfocita i trombocita. Cilj ovoga istraživanja bio je procijeniti učestalost trombocitoze, trombocitopenije, limfocitoze i limfocitopenije u bolesnika s infekcijom donjih dišnih putova (IDDP) i bolesnika s infekcijom mokraćnog sustava (IMS). Ova retrospektivna studija uključila je 52 bolesnika s IDDP i 60 bolesnika s IMS. Kontrolnu skupinu činilo je 70 zdravih osoba primljenih u ambulantu za infektivne bolesti. Nije utvrđena statistički značajna povezanost pojedinih skupina ispitanika i broja trombocita. Limfocitopeniju je imalo sedam (11,7%) bolesnika s IMS i četiri (7,7%) bolesnika s IDDP, ali nije bilo statistički značajne povezanosti skupina ispitanika i broja limfocita. Rezultati istraživanja ukazuju na zaključak da broj limfocita i trombocita može biti unutar normalnih granica u bolesnika s IMS, kao i u onih s IDDP

A Fusion-Based Deep Approach for Enhanced Brain Tumor Classification

A brain tumor is an aberrant proliferation of living cells in the brain that grows uncontrolled, posing a significant risk to the human body. Precise segmentation and classification of tumors are essential for future prognosis and therapy planning. Due to its susceptibility to errors and time-consuming nature, radiologists are required to use an automated approach for brain tumor identification. This study presents the development of an integrated and fully automated classification system for categorizing brain tumors in MRI images. The system combines the deep representations of features obtained from two distinct deep learning models, ResNet18 and ResNet50, to create feature vectors that more effectively distinguish between various classes. The vectors of features are then inputted into the machine learning layer to categorize them into four distinct classes. The model\u27s performance was tested using a publicly available dataset from the internet. The testing findings showed that the fusion model suggested attained an accuracy rate for classification of 92.47%. Ultimately, the findings were compared to existing approaches, and the suggested model demonstrated superior performance considerably

Perancangan Modul Praktikum Catu Daya dan Tegangan Menengah pada Bengkel Tegangan Menengah Jurusan Teknik Elektro PNUP

Bengkel dan Laboratorium merupakan tempat yang mampu memfasilitasi beberapa kegiatan Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui proses pengembangan lembar kerja praktikum, mengetahui kelayakan dan mengetahui keefektifan lembar kerja praktikum kubikel tegangan menengah (switchgear medium voltage 20 kV) yang telah dibuat untuk mendukung pembelajaran pada mata kuliah Praktik Instalasi Listrik Industri.Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian dan pengembangan (research and development). Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa, proses pengembangan lembar kerja praktikum dilakukan dalam tiga tahapan utama yaitu menganalisis kebutuhan, perancangan dan membuat lembar kerja, serta pengujian.Hasil yang diperoleh dari perancangan modul ini adalah penggunaan lembar kerja praktikum yang dikembangkan efektif digunakan untuk mendukung pembelajaran pada mata kuliah Praktik Bengkel Tegangan Menengah kepada mahasiswa namun dapat disajikan dengan mudah menggunakan teknolog

Ređi humoralni faktori rizika za ishemijski moždani udar i njihov prognostički značaj

Abstract: Introduction. Ischemic stroke (IS) is the third leading mortality cause in the world and the most common cause of disability. Knowing the risk factors and prognostic factors of ischemic stroke is very important. Patients and methods. We studied 50 consecutive patients with IS to assess levels of humoral rare vascular risk factors: vitamins B12 and D, homocysteine and thyroid hormones after IMU and functional status of patients using Brthel Index, modified Rankin Score, the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale and cognitive status through the Mini Mental State Examination, a test of frontal function "Go-No Go" as well as the Geriatric Depression Scale, 3 and 6 months after IS. Results. In the study, there were more women than men with IS what can be seen as artifact of the small groups, whereas age was consistent with other studies, where the women were older than men. Blood pressure, blood glucose, lipids and C-reactive protein (CRP) showed a statistically significant reduction, and calcium elevation after the IS. Homocysteine significantly positively correlated with depression and unfavorable outcome, and negatively with executive functions and functional outcome. Vitamin B12 showed a statistically significant increase in the monitoring period, which positivly correlated with the outcome and functionality, cognition, and negatively with depression. Vitamin D positively correlated with executive functions and functional status. Folic acid and thyroid hormones are difficult to interpret because of the unreliability of the methods of determination. D dimer negatively correlated with cognitive measures, and positively with depression. CRP negatively correlated with outcome measures and functions. Conclusion. There is a significant association of vascular risk factors. Our research has shown the importance of influence of rarer humoral risk factors but also an association of more frequent and "rarer" factors. In each case, there is a need to assess multiple risk factors and their combined impact on the occurrence of IS.Sažetak: Uvod. Ishemijski moždani udar (IMU) je treći vodeći uzrok smrtnosti u svetu, a najzastupljeniji uzrok invaliditeta. Poznavanje uzroka IMU i prognostičkih faktora je veoma značajno. Bolesnici i metode. Ispitivano je 50 konsekutivnih bolesnika sa IMU kod kojih su određivani ređi humoralni faktori rizika: vitamini B12 i D, homocistein i tireoidni hormoni) posle IMU) i funkcionalni status bolesnika pomoću BI, modifikovani Rankinov skor, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) kao i kognitivni status putem Mini Mental testa (Mini Mental State Examination - MMSE), Testa frontalnih funkcija „Idi-ne idi“ kao i Gerijatrijske skale depresivnosti, 3 do 6 meseci posle ishemijskog možda udara. Rezultati. U studiji je bilo više žena nego muškaraca sa IMU što se može posmatrati kao artefakt male grupe, dok je životno doba bilo u skladu sa drugim studijama, odnosno žene su bile starije od muškaraca. Vrednosti krvnog pritiska, glikemija, lipida i C-reaktivnog proteina (CRP) su pokazala statistički značajno sniženje, a kalcijuma povišenje posle IMU. Viši nivoi homocisteina značajno pozitivno korelišu sa depresivnošću i nepovoljnijim ishodom, a negativno sa egzekutivnim funkcijama funkcionalnim ishodom. Vrednosti vitamina B12 su pokazale statistički značajan porast u periodu praćenja što je pozitivno korelisalo sa ishodom i funkcionalnošću, kognicijom, a negativno sa depresijom. Vitamin D je pozitivno korelisao sa egzekutivnim funkcijama i funkicionalnošću. Nalaze folne kiseline i tireoidnih hormona je teško tumačiti zbog nepouzdanosti metoda određivanja. D dimer je negativno korelisao sa kognitivnim merama, a pozitivno sa deprrsivnošću. CRP je negativno korelisao sa merama ishoda i funcije. Zaključak. Veoma je značajna veza odnosno udruženost više vaskulnih faktora rizika. U našem istraživanju je pokazan značaj uticaja ređih humoralnih faktora rizika ali i udruženosti češćih i „ređih“ faktora. U svakom pojedinačnom slučaju, nameće se potreba procene multiplih faktora rizika i njihovog udruženog uticaja na pojavu IMU

Dijital Oyun Reklamlarında Oyuncular Tarafından Üretilen Nefret Söylemleri

ÖZ Gündelik yaşamın her alanında karşılaştığımız ve toplumsal anlamda birlikteliği zedeleyen bir sorun olarak nefret söylemi, sadece yüz yüze değil teknolojik gelişmeler ile birlikte tüm yeni medya mecralarında karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Çağımızın en çok kullanıcıya sahip olan eğlence alanlarından birisi dijital oyun sektöründe dahil bu söylemlerle sık sık karşılaşılmaktadır. Özellikle dijital oyun reklamlarının yayınlandığı video paylaşım platformlarında bu söylemlere sık sık rastlanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı reklamlar üzerinden bir çevrimiçi video paylaşım sitesi aracılığıyla tüketicilerin ürettikleri nefret söylemleri ve ne gibi söylemlerin ön plana çıktığını ortaya koymaktır. Çalışma nitel bir çalışma olup kullanıcıların reklamlara yaptıkları yorumları Teun A. Van Dijk’in eleştirel söylem analizi yöntemi ile analiz edilmiştir. Youtube video paylaşım platformu üzerinden en fazla görüntülenme, beğenmeme ve kötü yorum alan oyun reklamları araştırma evrenine dâhil edilmiştir. Bu reklamlar içerisinden en fazla olumsuz yorum ve beğenmeme sayısı alan 4 farklı türden oyun reklamı örneklem olarak seçilmiştir. Çalışmada MAXQDA programı kullanılarak Youtube üzerinden reklam yorumları ve beğenmeme sayısı çekilmiştir. Çevrimiçi video paylaşım sitelerinde nefret söyleminin çok yaygın bir şekilde kullanıldığı ve reklam aracılığıyla oyuna veya firmaya olan nefretin yansıtıldığı bulgusuna ulaşılmış ve bunun sonucunda kullanıcılar tarafından yapılan kötü yorumlar çerçevesinde, toplumun ve internet kullanıcılarının bilinçlendirilmesi ve bu çerçevede tüm internet kullanıcılarına yeni medya okuryazarlığı eğitiminin verilmesi gerektiği sonucuna varılmıştır

Određivanje postotka pozitivnosti na PRA kod muških bolesnika s kroničnom bubrežnom bolešću tehnikom protočne citometrije

The antibodies directed against human leukocyte antigen (HLA) molecules, which play a crucial role in allograft histocompatibility, are called anti-HLA antibodies. Anti-HLA antibodies against foreign HLA molecules may be present in patients with chronic kidney disease even before transplantation. The panel reactive antibody (PRA) test is used to measure the renal transplant candidate’s immune sensitivity to HLA molecules other than their own HLA molecules by assessing the diversity of anti-HLA antibodies in the blood of these patients. This study aimed to determine the PRA values and the percentage of PRA positivity of Turkish male patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), who had not been sensitized by the major known causes (those with no history of organ or tissue transplantation, those with no history of blood transfusion), who had not been diagnosed with any autoimmune diseases, and who had not been under immunosuppressive treatment. The study included 60 male patients aged over 18 years. All of the patients were followed up with a diagnosis of CKD at the Nephrology Clinic, Internal Medicine Department, Akdeniz University Medical Faculty Hospital. None of the patients included in the study was sensitized by a known mechanism previously (they did not have blood transfusion or organ transplantation). Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) levels of all patients were below the level of 60 mL/min/1.73 m2. Patient data including their age information, etiology of CKD, accompanying diseases, and information about dialysis modalities were recorded. HLA antibody percentage was determined by the flow cytometry technique. Statistical data analysis was performed by using SPSS 22.0 (Statistical Package for Social Sciences, Version 22.0). The values of p less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Twenty patients were receiving dialysis treatment due to end-stage renal disease. Of the 60 patients included in the study, 25% showed PRA positivity; 28.3% of all study patients were found to be positive for anti-HLA class I antibodies and 26.7% of all study patients were found to be positive for anti-HLA class II antibodies on separate analysis for anti-HLA class I and anti-HLA class II antibody positivity. When the patients were categorized as PRA negative and PRA positive in two groups, there were no differences between the groups according to mean age, percentage of hemodialysis patients, percentage of peritoneal dialysis patients and presence of accompanying chronic diseases (such as hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, nephrolithiasis, coronary artery disease). In addition to this, evaluation of the GFR levels showed that the PRA positive group contained a significantly higher percentage of end-stage renal disease patients (GFR <15 mL/min/1.73 m2) as compared with the PRA negative group. Detailed analysis of the percentages of PRA levels in the PRA positive patients, which was carried out to determine the degree of sensitization, showed that the PRA values were over 80% in 11.77% of the patients positive for anti-HLA class I antibodies. On the other hand, PRA values were within the range of 15%-80% in 88.23% of the patients who had anti-HLA class II antibodies. The PRA values were below 80% in all of the patients positive for anti-HLA class II antibodies and those positive for both anti-HLA class I and class II antibodies. In conclusion, PRA levels of the candidates for kidney transplantation should always be measured to assess their state of sensitization before transplantation, even though they have no risk factors known to cause anti-HLA antibody development.Protutijela usmjerena protiv molekula humanog leukocitnog antigena (human leukocyte antigen, HLA), koji ima bitnu ulogu u histokompatibilnosti alografta, nazivaju se anti-HLA protutijela. Anti-HLA protutijela protiv molekula stranog antigena mogu biti prisutne u bolesnika s kroničnom bubrežnom bolešću (KBB) čak i prije transplantacije. Test panela reaktivnih protutijela (panel reactive antibody, PRA) rabi se za mjerenje imunosne osjetljivosti kandidata za transplantaciju bubrega na druge molekule HLA osim onih vlastitih kroz procjenu raznolikosti anti-HLA protutijela u krvi ovih bolesnika. Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je utvrditi vrijednosti PRA i postotak pozitivnosti na PRA kod muških turskih bolesnika s KBB koji nisu bili senzibilizirani glavnim poznatim uzrocima (oni bez anamneze transplantacije organa ili tkiva, oni bez anamneze transfuzije krvi), koji nisu imali dijagnozu bilo kakve autoimune bolesti i koji nisu uzimali imunosupresivnu terapiju. U istraživanje je bilo uključeno 60 muških bolesnika u dobi iznad 18 godina. Svi bolesnici praćeni su s dijagnozom KBB u Nefrološkoj ambulanti Klinike za unutarnje bolesti, Sveučilišna bolnica Akdeniz. Svi bolesnici uključeni u istraživanje nisu bili prethodno senzibilizirani poznatim mehanizmima, odnosno nisu primili transfuziju krvi ili transplantaciju organa. Stopa glomerularne filtracije (glomerular filtration rate, GFR) kod svih je bolesnika bila ispod razine od 60 mL/min/1,73 m2. Zabilježeni su sljedeći podatci svakog bolesnika: dob, etiologija KBB, prateće bolesti, podatci o vrsti dijalize. Postotak HLA protutijela utvrđen je tehnikom protočne citometrije. Statistička analiza podataka provedena je pomoću SPSS 22.0, a vrijednosti p manje od 0,05 smatrane su statistički značajnima. Od svih bolesnika 20 ih je primalo liječenje dijalizom zbog zadnjeg stadija bubrežne bolesti. Od 60 bolesnika uključenih u istraživanje 25% ih je imalo nalaz pozitivan na PRA. Zasebna analiza na anti-HLA protutijela I. i II. klase pokazala je da je 28,3% bolesnika pozitivno na anti-HLA protutijela I. klase, a 26,7% bolesnika na anti-HLA protutijela II. klase. Kad su bolesnici podijeljeni u dvije skupine pozitivnih i negativnih na PRA nije bilo razlika između dviju skupina u dobi, postotku bolesnika na hemodijalizi, postotku bolesnika na peritonejskoj dijalizi i prisutnosti pratećih kroničnih bolesti (npr. hipertenzija, dijabetes melitus tip 2, hiperlipidemija, nefrolitijaza, bolest koronarnih arterija). Uz to, procjena razina GFR pokazala je da je u skupini bolesnika pozitivnih na PRA bio značajno viši postotak bolesnika sa zadnjim stadijem bubrežne bolesti (GFR <15 mL/min/1,73 m2) u usporedbi sa skupinom bolesnika negativnih na PRA. Podrobna analiza postotaka razina PRA kod bolesnika pozitivnih na PRA, koja je provedena kako bi se utvrdio stupanj senzibilizacije, pokazala je vrijednosti PRA iznad 80% u 11,77% bolesnika pozitivnih na anti-HLA protutijela I. klase. S druge strane, kod 88,23% bolesnika s HLA protutijelima II. klase vrijednosti PRA bile su u rasponu od 15% do 80%. Vrijednosti PRA ispod 80% utvrđene su kod svih bolesnika pozitivnih na anti-HLA protutijela II. klase i onih pozitivnih na anti-HLA protutijela I. i II. klase. Zaključno, razine PRA kod kandidata za transplantaciju bubrega treba uvijek izmjeriti kako bi se procijenio njihov status senzibilizacije prije transplantacije, čak i onda kad nemaju nikakvih rizičnih čimbenika koji bi uzrokovali razvoj anti-HLA protutijela

Occupational safety perception of vocational school students

Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İş Güvenliği Ana Bilim DalıBu tezin amacı, Gelibolu Piri Reis Meslek Yüksek Okulunda Muhasebe ve Vergi Uygulamaları, Turizm ve Otel İşletmeciliği, İnsan Kaynakları Yönetimi, Deniz ve Liman İşletmeciliği, Turizm ve Seyahat Hizmetleri Programlarındaki öğrencilerin iş sağlığı ve güvenliği (İSG) konusunda algı düzeylerinin belirlenmesidir. Betimsel tipteki bu araştırma, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi Gelibolu Piri Reis Meslek Yüksek Okulundan 5 farklı programdan toplam 300 katılımcı ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Katılımcılara 11 maddelik anket uygulanmış olup sonuçlar analiz edilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlardan ankete katılan öğrencilerin İSG konusuna önem verdikleri görülmektedir.The aim of this thesis is to determine the perception levels of occupational health and safety (OHS) of the students in Gelibolu Piri Reis Vocational School, Accounting and Taxation Applications, Tourism and Hotel Management, Human Resources Management, Maritime and Port Management and Tourism and Travel Services Programs. This research was carried out with 300 participants from 5 different departments from Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University Gelibolu Piri Reis Vocational High School. 11-point poll was applied to the participants and the results were analyzed. From obtained results, it is observed that the students who participated in the poll gave importance to OHS

The components of mercy in the Quran

Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Temel İslam Bilimleri Ana Bilim DalıKuranı Kerimde Rahmet Unsurları başlığıyla hazırladığımız bu çalışmamızbaşlıca üç bölümden oluşmaktadır. Çalışmamızın birinci bölümünde, rahmetkelimesinin lügat ve terim anlamlarını, ayrıca ilahi ve beşeri bir sıfat olarak rahmetolgusunu ele aldık.İkinci bölümde ise Kuranı Kerimde bahsi geçen bazı dünyevi rahmetunsurlarını inceledik. Bu çerçevede incelenen olgular şunlardan ibarettir: Güvenlikve huzur, rızık (tahıllar, meyveler, tatlı su, yağmur, rüzgar, bal, hayvanlar), dünyasüsü, sevgi ( Allah sevgisi, insan sevgisi), ilim, kardeşlik ve ilahi yardım.Çalışmamızın üçüncü bölümünde ise Yüce Allahın müminlere ahirettegöstereceği merhametini inceledik. Bu bölümde ayrıca günahların affedilmesi,saygın kişilerin ve olguların şefaati, cennet nimetleri ve benzeri konuları da ele aldık.Sonuç Bölümünde ele aldığımız konularla ilgili kısa bir değerlendirme yaptık.The present study examines the components of Gods mercy in the Quran within the limited verses and hadithes. The thesis consists of three chapters. First chapterof our study consists of the word and the term means of Gods mercy and also adivine and human attribute.Chapter Two consists of worldly components of Gods mercy in the Quran.Subjects about of worldly components of God?s mercy are these: Security and peaceof mind, subsistence (grains, fruits, sweet water, rain, wind, honey, animals),worldly, embellishments, love (love of God, love of human), knowledge,brotherhood, divine help.Chapter Three consists of Gods mercy to Muslims in hereafter. This chaptermakes a statement about the forgiveness of sins, intercession of high esteemedpeople and facts, grace of heaven.In Conclusion, there is an evaluation about subjects from this study

The Impact of Homocysteine, Vitamin B12, and Vitamin D Levels on Functional Outcome after First-Ever Ischaemic Stroke

We explored the relationship between acute ischaemic stroke (IS) early functional outcome and serum levels of homocysteine, vitamin B12, and D in a noninterventional prospective clinical study. We enrolled 50 patients with first-ever IS and performed laboratory tests and functional assessment at three time points: on admission and three and six months after stroke. Modified Rankin Scale (mRS), NIHSS scale, and Barthel index (BI) scores were assessed in all participants by trained examiner blinded to laboratory data. Patients did not receive treatment that might alter laboratory data. Admission NIHSS correlated with homocysteine levels (r = 0.304, p lt 0.05), B12 level (r = -0.410, p lt 0.01), and vitamin D levels (r = -0.465, p lt 0.01). Functional outcome measures (BI and mRS) did not significantly correlate with homocysteine and vitamin D3 levels at 3 and 6 months. However, a positive correlation with vitamin B12 levels was detected for BI both at 3 and 6 months and mRS at 6 months. Higher serum vitamin B12 levels were associated with better functional outcome at follow-up