Construcción de objetos de aprendizaje y desarrollo de experiencias docentes

La experiencia que presentamos se refiere a un proceso de construcción de objetos de aprendizaje, materiales educativos, para su uso en el espacio que la asignatura de Cultura Azteca de la licenciatura de Historia tiene dentro del Campus Virtual. Ésta se lleva a cabo como una de las Actividades Académicas Dirigidas y abarca el esfuerzo cooperativo y continuado de un profesor con los alumnos, becarios y colaboradores de investigación de cinco cursos académicos (2002/03-2007/08). La actividad se ha desarrollado en cuatro etapas: Elaboración de los materiales, valoración y propuestas de mejora, unificación de críticas y propuestas y mejora de los materiales en función de éstas. Los indicios de calidad observados en la experiencia se refieren a sus propiedades de continuidad, versatilidad, visibilidad y novedad, así como a la motivación producida en el alumno por trabajo en grupo, dentro de una empresa común y la colaboración con el profesor en sus tareas docentes y de investigación

Aplicación de las tecnologías de la información a la tecnologia ictiológica: el sitio web 'www.ictioterm.es'

Aplicació de les tecnologies de la informació a la terminologia ictiològica: el lloc web www.ictioterm.es. ICTIOTERM és una base de dades que conté informació de tipus terminològic, lingüístic i biològic sobre més de tres-centes espècies marines de peixos, mol·luscos, crustacis i altres invertebrats. En aquest article es descriuen amb detall els continguts del web www.ictioterm.es, així com la seva estructura d'emmagatzematge de la informació i les diverses opcions de cerca.Application of Information Technology to Ichthyology Terms: ww.ictioterm.es ICTIOTERM is a database containing terminological, linguistic and biological information on more than 300 marine species of fish, molluscs, crustaceans and other invertebrates. In this paper, we describe the contents of the web site www.ictioterm.es, as well as its information storage structure and search options.ICTIOTERM es una base de datos que contiene información de tipo terminológico, lingüístico y biológico sobre más de trescientas especies marinas de peces, moluscos, crustáceos y otros invertebrados. En el presente trabajo, se describen de manera pormenorizada los contenidos del web www.ictioterm.es, así como su estructura de almacenamiento de la información y sus diferentes opciones de búsqueda

Recent Contributions of Elastin-Like Recombinamers to Biomedicine and Nanotechnology

Abstract: The emergence of the new scientific field known as nanomedicine is being catalyzed by multiple improvements in nanoscience techniques and significant progress in materials science, especially as regards the testing of novel and sophisticated biomaterials. This conjuncture has furthered the development of promising instruments in terms of detection, bioanalysis, therapy, diagnostics and imaging. Some of the most innovative new biomaterials are protein-inspired biomimetic materials in which modern biotechnology and genetic-engineering techniques complement the huge amount of information afforded by natural protein evolution to create advanced and tailor-made multifunctional molecules. Amongst these protein-based biomaterials, Elastin-like Recombinamers (ELRs) have demonstrated their enormous potential in the fields of biomedicine and nanoscience in the last few years. This broad applicability derives from their unmatched properties, particularly their recombinant and tailor-made nature, the intrinsic characteristics derived from their elastin-based origin (mainly their mechanical properties and ability to self-assemble as a result of their stimuli-responsive behavior), their proven biocompatibility and biodegradability, as well as their versatility as regards incorporating advanced chemical or recombinant modifications into the original structure that open up an almost unlimited number of multifunctional possibilities in this developing field. This article provides an updated review of the recent challenges overcome by using these recombinant biomaterials in the fields of nano- and biomedicine, ranging from nanoscale applications in surface modifications and self-assembled nanostructures to drug delivery and regenerative medicine.Este trabajo forma parte de Proyectos de Investigación financiados por la Comisión Europea a través del Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (ERDF), por el del MINECO (MAT2010-15982, MAT2010-15310, PRI-PIBAR-2011-1403 and MAT2012-38043), la Junta de Castilla y León (VA049A11, VA152A12 y VA155A12) y el Instituto de Salud Carlos III bajo el Centro en Red de Medicina Regenerativa y Terapia Celular de Castilla y León

Elastin-like recombinamers as smart drug delivery systems

Drug delivery systems that are able to control the release of bioactive molecules and designed to carry drugs to target sites are of particular interest for tissue therapy. Moreover, systems comprising materials that can respond to environmental stimuli and promote self-assembly and higher order supramolecular organization are especially useful in the biomedical field. Suitable biomaterials for this purpose include elastin-like recombinamers (ELRs), a class of proteinaceous polymers bioinspired by natural elastin and designed usingrecombinant technologies. The self-assembly and thermoresponsive behaviour of these systems, along with their biodegradability, biocompatibility and well-defined composition as a result of their tailor-made design, make them particularly attractive for drug delivery.Este trabajo forma parte de Proyectos de Investigación financiados por la Comisión Europea a través del Fondo Social Europeo (FSE) y el Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (ERDF), por el del MINECO (MAT2013-41723R, MAT2013-42473-R, MAT2012-38043 y PRI-PIBAR-2011-1403), la Junta de Castilla y León (VA049A11, VA152A12 y VA155A12) y el Instituto de Salud Carlos III bajo el Centro en Red de Medicina Regenerativa y Terapia Celular de Castilla y León

Decalcifying effects of antimicrobial irrigating solutions on root canal dentin

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the decalcifying efficacy of 7% maleic acid (MA), 2% chlorhexidine (CHX), and combinations of 7% MA + 0.2% cetrimide (CTR) and 2% CHX + 0.2% CTR, in four time periods. Study Design: Four specimens per tooth were obtained from a 2-mm thick slice of the cervical third of the root of ten human incisors. At 1, 2, 3 and 5 minutes of immersion, the concentrations of Ca2+ were measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The results were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U-test. Results: Statistically significant differences were seen for the extracted calcium in all time periods. The amount of calcium extracted by 7% MA was the highest at all four immersion times, followed by 7% MA + 0.2% CTR. Two percent CHX and its combination with 0.2% CTR extracted virtually no calcium. Conclusions: The decalcifying capacity of 7% MA and 2% CHX diminished when combined with 0.2% CTR

Advanced Systems for Controlled Drug Delivery from Chemically Modified Elastin-like Recombinamers

Producción CientíficaTargeted drug delivery is a new multidisciplinary field that aims to develop innovative nanomaterials, tools and devices to deploy a therapeutic agent to specific parts of the body where there is solely diseased tissue, thereby avoiding interaction with healthy tissue. Advanced drug-delivery systems attempt to control the site of action and release rate and act by means of either a physiological or a chemical trigger. In this sense, stimuliresponsive biomaterials are of special interest for application as components of drug-delivery devices. This review discusses the use of elastin-like recombinamers (ELR) in drug-delivery systems. These biopolymers possess special properties that encompass biodegradability, bioactivity and stimuli-responsiveness. Their tailormade design using recombinant DNA technologies allows an absolute control of their amino acid sequence and design of the most appropriate macromolecule for each application. Firstly, devices based on monomeric elastinlike recombinamers which have been chemically modified to attach functionalities that enable us to follow or direct their distribution or anticancer drugs in an attempt to improve drug-conjugate uptake are described. Secondly, ELRs that form part of nanoparticles as drug carriers will be studied in their different versions, including nanoparticles chemically reinforced by interchain cross-linking, nanoparticles formed by self-assembly of chemically modified ELRs to achieve amphiphilic properties and multifunctional composites made up of nanoparticles coated with ELRs. Finally, recent advances in the area of 3D platforms for drug delivery, comprising interconnected hydrogels and ELR-based coacervates in the form of depots, will be reviewed

De estudiante de Enfermería de la Universidad de La Laguna a enfermera, en tiempos de covid-19. Estudio exploratorio

El paso de estudiante a profesional es un período de transición donde la nueva enfermera vivencia nuevos sentimientos de estrés y angustia. Debido a la actual crisis sanitaria, esta transición puede ser aún más dura. Objetivos: realizar estudio descriptivo exploratorio sobre las vivencias durante esta etapa en enfermeras egresadas de la Universidad de La Laguna entre los años 2020 y 2021. Resultados más relevantes: las participantes señalan que el paso de estudiante a profesional es duro a nivel emocional y que se precisa de apoyo constante durante esta etapa. La actual crisis sanitaria no hizo que se plantearan cambiar de profesión. Conclusión: se requiere de estudio fenomenológico para profundizar en las dificultades a la adaptación laboral en este contexto de pandemia.The transition from student to professional is a transition period where the new nurse experiences new feelings of stress and anguish. Due to the current health crisis, this tran- sition may be even harder. Objectives: to carry out an exploratory descriptive study on the experiences during this stage in nurses graduated from the University of La Laguna between the years 2020 and 2021. Relevant results: we highlight that the participants point out that the transition from student to professional is hard on an emotional level and that constant support is needed during this stage. The current health crisis did not make them consider changing their profession. Conclusion: a phenomenological study is required to delve into the difficulties of adapting to work in this context of a pandemic

Risk factors associated with the development of delirium in general ICU patients. A prospective observational study.

Objective We aimed to analyze risk factors related to the development of delirium, aiming for early intervention in patients with greater risk. Material and methods Observational study, including prospectively collected patients treated in a single general ICU. These were classified into two groups, according to whether they developed delirium or not (screening performed using CAM-ICU tool). Demographics and clinical data were analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to quantify existing associations. Results 1462 patients were included. 93 developed delirium (incidence: 6.3%). These were older, scored higher on the Clinical Frailty Scale, on the risk scores on admission (SAPS-3 and SOFA), and had a greater number of organ failures (OF). We observed more incidence of delirium in patients who (a) presented more than two OF (20.4%; OR 4.9; CI95%: 2.9–8.2), and (b) were more than 74 years old albeit having <2 OF (8.6%; OR 2.1; CI95%: 1.3–3.5). Patients who developed delirium had longer ICU and hospital length-of-stays and a higher rate of readmission. Conclusions The highest risk observed for developing delirium clustered in patients who presented more than 2 OF and patients over 74 years old. The detection of patients at high risk for developing delirium could imply a change in management and improved quality of care.post-print382 K

The job incorporation of new graduated nurses at the University of La Laguna in times of pandemic. A descriptive phenomenological study

El presente documento es continuación de una investigación realizada con enfermeras egresadas de la Universidad de La Laguna entre los años 2020 y 2021 teniendo en cuenta el contexto de pandemia y crisis sanitaria por la COVID-19. Al tener en cuenta los resultados de dicho anterior trabajo, se plantea un estudio fenomenológico para comprender las vivencias de las enfermeras al pasar de estudiante a profesional y ejercer en una institución sanitaria de la provincia de Santa Cruz de Tenerife (España). De entre los resultados obtenidos, se destaca que el paso de estudiante a profesional es un hecho significativo a nivel emocional con una gran consciencia de responsabilidad y de que las enfermeras se sienten arropadas por parte del resto de profesionales más veteranas. Sin embargo, no existe período de tuto- rización y orientación por parte de la institución sanitaria.This document is a continuation of an investigation carried out with nurses graduated from the University of La Laguna between 2020 and 2021, taking into account the context of the pandemic and health crisis caused by COVID-19. Taking into account the results of that previous work, a phenomenological study is proposed to understand the experiences of nurses when they finish their degree and begin in the professional world in a health institution in the province of Santa Cruz de Tenerife (Spain). Among the results obtained, it stands out that the transition from student to professional is a significant fact at an emotional level with a great awareness of responsibility and that nurses feel supported by the rest of the more veteran professionals. However, there is no period of tutoring and orientation by health institutions

Seroprevalence and genetic characterization of Toxoplasma gondii in domestic pigs intended for human consumption in Cuba

Domestic pigs are considered as one of the main intermediate hosts in the zoonotic transmission of Toxoplasma gondii in many countries. Serological and molecular studies are warranted to better understand the epidemiology and transmission patterns of this parasite worldwide. To date, seroepidemiological information on T. gondii in domestic pigs in Cuba is very scarce and there are no reports of T. gondii genotypes circulating in this country. Here, we aimed to estimate the seroprevalence of T. gondii and provide genetic characterization of the strains circulating in slaughtered pigs intended for human consumption in Central Cuba. Seroprevalence was determined in 450 serum samples from slaughtered pigs in Villa Clara province using ELISA. Anti-Toxoplasma gondii IgG antibodies were detected in 100 animals (22.2%, 95% CI: 18.5-26.2). Conventional PCR of the 529-bp marker of T. gondii was performed in hearts and diaphragm tissues of all ELISA-seropositive pigs. Toxoplasma gondii DNA was detected in four animals. Further genetic characterization of the positive DNA samples was performed by multilocus PCR-RFLP and PCR-sequencing typing tools. Molecular analysis revealed four different genetic profiles that were combinations of type I, II, III and u-1 alleles, suggesting the circulation of non-clonal genotypes of T. gondii in domestic pigs in Cuba. Our results indicate that T. gondii is widely distributed in slaughtered pigs in this country, which might have important implications for public health. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on genetic characterization of T. gondii in Cuba. Although preliminary, the results suggest a high genetic diversity of T. gondii in the study region. Further studies based on parasite isolation are needed to definitively identify the genotypes circulating and characterize the virulence of strains detected in pigs in Cuba, and to assess the risk of zoonotic transmission from pork products in this country