Edge computing service deployment and task offloading based on multi-task high-dimensional multi-objective optimization

The Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) system located close to the client allows mobile smart devices to offload their computations onto edge servers, enabling them to benefit from low-latency computing services. Both cloud service providers and users seek more comprehensive solutions, necessitating judicious decisions in service deployment and task offloading while balancing multiple objectives. This study investigates service deployment and task offloading challenges in a multi-user environment, framing them as a multi-task high-dimensional multi-objective optimization (MT-HD-MOO) problem within an edge environment. To ensure stable service provisioning, beyond considering latency, energy consumption, and cost as deployment objectives, network reliability is also incorporated. Furthermore, to promote equitable usage of edge servers, load balancing is introduced as a fourth task offloading objective, in addition to latency, energy consumption, and cost. Additionally, this paper designs a MT-HD-MOO algorithm based on a multi-selection strategy to address this model and its solution. By employing diverse selection strategies, an environment selection strategy pool is established to enhance population diversity within the high-dimensional objective space. Ultimately, the algorithm's effectiveness is verified through simulation experiments

Ovarian Hormonal Change-Related Energy Metabolism and Obesity in Menopausal Women

Obesity and its related severe consequences have been a major public health problem worldwide. A significant weight gain and intra-abdominal adipose tissue accumulation are observed as women begin the menopausal transition. A number of clinical and basic research indicate that ovarian hormone may play a crucial role. However, the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. In this chapter, we aim to systematically review the literature in the influences of ovarian hormone on the physiology of lipid and glucose metabolism, obesity-related hormone, and the regulation of body weight by the dietary intake, feeding behavior. A variety of research modalities have been used to explore the effects of MHT in perimenopausal women. Hence, we will also summarize the latest progress of MHT use on the effect of body mass, body fat redistribution, and insulin resistance, which lead to protective cardiometabolic effects

Establishment of predictive nomogram and web-based survival risk calculator for desmoplastic small round cell tumor: A propensity score-adjusted, population-based study

Desmoplastic small round cell tumor (DSRCT) is a rare undifferentiated malignant soft tissue tumor with a poor prognosis and a lack of consensus on treatment. This study’s objective was to build a nomogram based on clinicopathologic factors and an online survival risk calculator to predict patient prognosis and support therapeutic decision-making. A retrospective cohort analysis of the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database was performed for patients diagnosed with DSRCT between 2000 and 2019. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression analysis was applied to identify the individual variables related to overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS), as well as to construct online survival risk calculators and nomogram survival models. The nomogram was employed to categorize patients into different risk groups, and the Kaplan-Meier method was utilized to determine the survival rate of each risk category. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to assess survival with different therapeutic approaches. A total of 374 patients were included, and the median OS and CSS were 25 (interquartile range 21.9-28.1) months and 27 (interquartile range 23.6-30.3) months, respectively. The nomogram models demonstrated high predictive accuracy. PSM found that patients with triple-therapy had better CSS and OS than those who received surgery plus chemotherapy (median survival times: 49 vs 34 months and 49 vs 35 months, respectively). The nomogram successfully predicted the DSRCT patients survival rate. This approach could assist doctors in evaluating prognoses, identifying high-risk populations, and implementing personalized therapy

Association of inflammatory indicators with intensive care unit mortality in critically ill patients with coronary heart disease.

ObjectiveCoronary heart disease (CHD) is one of the major cardiovascular diseases, a common chronic disease in the elderly and a major cause of disability and death in the world. Currently, intensive care unit (ICU) patients have a high probability of concomitant coronary artery disease, and the mortality of this category of patients in the ICU is receiving increasing attention. Therefore, the aim of this study was to verify whether the composite inflammatory indicators are significantly associated with ICU mortality in ICU patients with CHD and to develop a simple personalized prediction model.Method7115 patients from the Multi-Parameter Intelligent Monitoring in Intensive Care Database IV were randomly assigned to the training cohort (n = 5692) and internal validation cohort (n = 1423), and 701 patients from the eICU Collaborative Research Database served as the external validation cohort. The association between various inflammatory indicators and ICU mortality was determined by multivariate Logistic regression analysis and Cox proportional hazards model. Subsequently, a novel predictive model for mortality in ICU patients with CHD was developed in the training cohort and performance was evaluated in the internal and external validation cohorts.ResultsVarious inflammatory indicators were demonstrated to be significantly associated with ICU mortality, 30-day ICU mortality, and 90-day ICU mortality in ICU patients with CHD by Logistic regression analysis and Cox proportional hazards model. The area under the curve of the novel predictive model for ICU mortality in ICU patients with CHD was 0.885 for the internal validation cohort and 0.726 for the external validation cohort. The calibration curve showed that the predicted probabilities of the model matched the actual observed probabilities. Furthermore, the decision curve analysis showed that the novel prediction model had a high net clinical benefit.ConclusionIn ICU patients with CHD, various inflammatory indicators were independent risk factors for ICU mortality. We constructed a novel predictive model of ICU mortality risk in ICU patients with CHD that had great potential to guide clinical decision-making

Visualization and Analysis of Tea Beverage Research Based on CiteSpace

To obtain a more comprehensive understanding of the hotspots and research progress of tea beverage at home and abroad, this research paper analyzed the annual publication volume, author co-occurrences, co-citations, research institutions, the number of country publications, journals, and research hotspots of 1247 English literature collected by WOS from 2002 to 2022 using the Web of Science core collection database as the data source and the visual data analysis software CiteSpace v 6.1.6R. The results of the analysis showed that the heat for research on tea beverage at home and abroad continued to rise, and the annual number of publications showed a rising trend year by year. The number of core authors with more than four articles was 584, accounting for 82.4% of the total number of authors. The majority of institutional publications came from Chinese universities, of which the first institution with the highest number of publications was Anhui Agricultural University. The People's Republic of China was the most actively published country, followed by USA and JAPAN. The journals with high publication volume were mainly concentrated in the field of agricultural and food chemistry, and Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry was the journal with the highest co-citation frequency, with a total of 988 citations. The "caffeine" "acid" and "catechin" were high-frequency keywords in tea beverage research, with research hotspots focusing on the detection and extraction of active substances in tea beverage, fermented teas, antioxidant and antibacterial activities. In summary, research on tea beverage was still on the rise, but existing studies suffered from a lack of cooperation among authors, limited research areas and convergent research methods, etc. Scholars should strengthen multifaceted cooperation and communication to broaden the breadth and depth of the research, and to jointly promote the development of research in this field. This study provided a reference for a more in-depth understanding of the current status of global tea beverage research in the future

Identification of disease-related genes and construction of a gene co-expression database in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Background: The mechanism of NAFLD progression remains incompletely understood. Current gene-centric analysis methods lack reproducibility in transcriptomic studies.Methods: A compendium of NAFLD tissue transcriptome datasets was analyzed. Gene co-expression modules were identified in the RNA-seq dataset GSE135251. Module genes were analyzed in the R gProfiler package for functional annotation. Module stability was assessed by sampling. Module reproducibility was analyzed by the ModulePreservation function in the WGCNA package. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Student’s t-test was used to identify differential modules. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to illustrate the classification performance of modules. Connectivity Map was used to mine potential drugs for NAFLD treatment.Results: Sixteen gene co-expression modules were identified in NAFLD. These modules were associated with multiple functions such as nucleus, translation, transcription factors, vesicle, immune response, mitochondrion, collagen, and sterol biosynthesis. These modules were stable and reproducible in the other 10 datasets. Two modules were positively associated with steatosis and fibrosis and were differentially expressed between non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFL). Three modules can efficiently separate control and NAFL. Four modules can separate NAFL and NASH. Two endoplasmic reticulum related modules were both upregulated in NAFL and NASH compared to normal control. Proportions of fibroblasts and M1 macrophages are positively correlated with fibrosis. Two hub genes Aebp1 and Fdft1 may play important roles in fibrosis and steatosis. m6A genes were strongly correlated with the expression of modules. Eight candidate drugs for NAFLD treatment were proposed. Finally, an easy-to-use NAFLD gene co-expression database was developed (available at https://nafld.shinyapps.io/shiny/).Conclusion: Two gene modules show good performance in stratifying NAFLD patients. The modules and hub genes may provide targets for disease treatment

Serum APE1 as a predictive marker for platinum-based chemotherapy of non-small cell lung cancer patients

Purpose: To define the role of the DNA repair protein apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1) in predicting the prognosis and chemotherapeutic response of non-small cell lung cancer patients receiving platinum-containing chemotherapy. Results: Our investigations found that serum APE1 level was significantly elevated in 229 of 412 NSCLC patients and correlated with its level in tissue (r2 = 0.639, p < 0.001). The elevated APE1 level in both tissue and serum of patients prior to chemotherapy was associated with worse progression-free survival (HR: 2.165, p < 0.001, HR: 1.421, p = 0.012), but not with overall survival. After 6 cycles of chemotherapy, a low APE1 serum level was associated with better overall survival (HR: 0.497, p = 0.010). Experimental Design: We measured APE1 protein levels in biopsy tissue from 172 NSCLC patients and sera of 412 NSCLC patients receiving platinum-based chemotherapy by immunohistochemistry and a newly established sensitive and specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. APE1 levels in sera of 523 healthy donors were also determined as control. Conclusions: Our studies indicate that APE1 is a biomarker for predicting prognosis and therapeutic efficacy in NSCLC. The chemotherapy-na\uefve serum APE1 level, which correlated with its tissue level inversely associated with progressionfree survival of platinum-containing doublet chemotherapy, whereas post-treatment serum APE1 level was inversely associated with overall survival

Congenital bone marrow failure in DNA-PKcs mutant mice associated with deficiencies in DNA repair

The nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ) pathway is essential for radioresistance and lymphocyte-specific V(D)J (variable [diversity] joining) recombination. Defects in NHEJ also impair hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) activity with age but do not affect the initial establishment of HSC reserves. In this paper, we report that, in contrast to deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)–dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs)–null mice, knockin mice with the DNA-PKcs(3A/3A) allele, which codes for three alanine substitutions at the mouse Thr2605 phosphorylation cluster, die prematurely because of congenital bone marrow failure. Impaired proliferation of DNA-PKcs(3A/3A) HSCs is caused by excessive DNA damage and p53-dependent apoptosis. In addition, increased apoptosis in the intestinal crypt and epidermal hyperpigmentation indicate the presence of elevated genotoxic stress and p53 activation. Analysis of embryonic fibroblasts further reveals that DNA-PKcs(3A/3A) cells are hypersensitive to DNA cross-linking agents and are defective in both homologous recombination and the Fanconi anemia DNA damage response pathways. We conclude that phosphorylation of DNA-PKcs is essential for the normal activation of multiple DNA repair pathways, which in turn is critical for the maintenance of diverse populations of tissue stem cells in mice