O exercício profissional do assistente social nos CRAS:: aproximações para análises críticas

Este artigo é resultado de uma pesquisa realizada junto a assistentes sociais que trabalham nos Centros de Referência de Assistência Social (CRAS). A pesquisa teve como objetivo principal  conhecer o exercício profissional do assistente social no âmbito da política de assistência social no município de Juiz de Fora. Metodologicamente trabalhamos com estudo bibliográfico e pesquisa de campo. Realizamos 60 observações participantes e 51 entrevistas em profundidade com assistentes sociais e usuários da assistência social pública

Educomunicação e suas áreas de intervenção: Novos paradigmas para o diálogo intercultural

oai:omp.abpeducom.org.br:publicationFormat/1O material aqui divulgado representa, em essência, a contribuição do VII Encontro Brasileiro de Educomunicação ao V Global MIL Week, da UNESCO, ocorrido na ECA/USP, entre 3 e 5 de novembro de 2016. Estamos diante de um conjunto de 104 papers executivos, com uma média de entre 7 e 10 páginas, cada um. Com este rico e abundante material, chegamos ao sétimo e-book publicado pela ABPEducom, em seus seis primeiros anos de existência. A especificidade desta obra é a de trazer as “Áreas de Intervenção” do campo da Educomunicação, colocando-as a serviço de uma meta essencial ao agir educomunicativo: o diálogo intercultural, trabalhado na linha do tema geral do evento internacional: Media and Information Literacy: New Paradigms for Intercultural Dialogue

Serviço social e cotidiano: reflexões sobre o exercício profissional do assistente social

This dissertation has as a proposal to perform a critical analysis of the professional practice of social worker mediated by concrete quotidian determinations. For this, in addition to a theoretical study on central categories that help us understand our object, we conducted a field survey on socio-occupational space of two CRAS (Reference Centre for Social Assistance) in the city of Juiz de Fora/MG. The objective of the work is to identify how are expressed the determinations of quotidian in the professional practice, considering the social changes occurring in contemporary capitalism and its consequences for social policies, in particular to Social Assistance Policy.Esta dissertação tem como proposta realizar uma análise crítica do exercício profissional do assistente social mediado pelas determinações concretas do cotidiano. Para tanto, além de um estudo teórico acerca das categorias centrais que nos ajudam a compreender nosso objeto, realizamos uma pesquisa de campo no espaço sócio-ocupacional de dois CRAS (Centro de Referência de Assistência Social) do município de Juiz de Fora/MG. O objetivo do trabalho é identificar como se expressam as determinações do cotidiano no exercício profissional, considerando as transformações societárias ocorridas no capitalismo contemporâneo e as respectivas consequências para as políticas sociais, em especial, para a Política de Assistência Social.CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superio

Serviço Social e projecto ético-político no cotidiano : subsidios analíticos

O artigo tem como objeto de análise o exercício profissional do Assistente Social mediado pelas determinações concretas da vida cotidiana, apresentado as suas principais caraterísticas: a heterogeneidade, a imediaticidade e a superficialidade extensiva, além da alienação própria do sistema capitalista. Apresenta o Projeto Ético-Político como norteador de ações profissionais críticas. Trata-se de um estudo de cunho teórico, inspirado na perspectiva marxiana e inserido dentro dos estudos sobre os Fundamentos do Serviço Social. A exposição do texto estrutura-se a partir de uma introdução e, logo em seguida, discorreremos sobre o Serviço Social e o Projeto Ético-Político no cotidiano. Finalizaremos apresentando algumas considerações.El artículo tiene como objeto de análisis el ejercicio profesional del trabajador social mediado por las determinaciones concretas de la vida cotidiana, teniendo como principales características: la heterogeneidad, la inmediatez, la superficialidad extensiva, además de la alienación propia del sistema capitalista. Presenta el Proyecto Ético Político del Trabajo Social que nortea las acciones profesionales. Se trata de un estudio de carácter teórico, inspirado en la perspectiva marxisa dentro de los estudios sobre los Fundamentos del Trabajo Social. La exposición del texto se estructura a partir de una introducción, seguida del análisis del Trabajo Social y el Proyecto ético político en el cotidiano. Finalizamos presentado algunas consideraciones.Fil: Mendes, Daniela Leonel De Paula. Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Brasil.Fil: Moljo, Carina Berta. Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora; Brasil

Serviço social : questão social, território e política social

Cassab, Maria Aparecida Tardin , Batistoni, Maria Rosangela - Prefácio;Duriguetto, Maria Lúcia , Iamamoto, Marilda Villela - Apresentação.-

Global variation in postoperative mortality and complications after cancer surgery: a multicentre, prospective cohort study in 82 countries

© 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 licenseBackground: 80% of individuals with cancer will require a surgical procedure, yet little comparative data exist on early outcomes in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared postoperative outcomes in breast, colorectal, and gastric cancer surgery in hospitals worldwide, focusing on the effect of disease stage and complications on postoperative mortality. Methods: This was a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of consecutive adult patients undergoing surgery for primary breast, colorectal, or gastric cancer requiring a skin incision done under general or neuraxial anaesthesia. The primary outcome was death or major complication within 30 days of surgery. Multilevel logistic regression determined relationships within three-level nested models of patients within hospitals and countries. Hospital-level infrastructure effects were explored with three-way mediation analyses. This study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03471494. Findings: Between April 1, 2018, and Jan 31, 2019, we enrolled 15 958 patients from 428 hospitals in 82 countries (high income 9106 patients, 31 countries; upper-middle income 2721 patients, 23 countries; or lower-middle income 4131 patients, 28 countries). Patients in LMICs presented with more advanced disease compared with patients in high-income countries. 30-day mortality was higher for gastric cancer in low-income or lower-middle-income countries (adjusted odds ratio 3·72, 95% CI 1·70–8·16) and for colorectal cancer in low-income or lower-middle-income countries (4·59, 2·39–8·80) and upper-middle-income countries (2·06, 1·11–3·83). No difference in 30-day mortality was seen in breast cancer. The proportion of patients who died after a major complication was greatest in low-income or lower-middle-income countries (6·15, 3·26–11·59) and upper-middle-income countries (3·89, 2·08–7·29). Postoperative death after complications was partly explained by patient factors (60%) and partly by hospital or country (40%). The absence of consistently available postoperative care facilities was associated with seven to 10 more deaths per 100 major complications in LMICs. Cancer stage alone explained little of the early variation in mortality or postoperative complications. Interpretation: Higher levels of mortality after cancer surgery in LMICs was not fully explained by later presentation of disease. The capacity to rescue patients from surgical complications is a tangible opportunity for meaningful intervention. Early death after cancer surgery might be reduced by policies focusing on strengthening perioperative care systems to detect and intervene in common complications. Funding: National Institute for Health Research Global Health Research Unit

Effects of hospital facilities on patient outcomes after cancer surgery: an international, prospective, observational study

© 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 licenseBackground: Early death after cancer surgery is higher in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) compared with in high-income countries, yet the impact of facility characteristics on early postoperative outcomes is unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the association between hospital infrastructure, resource availability, and processes on early outcomes after cancer surgery worldwide. Methods: A multimethods analysis was performed as part of the GlobalSurg 3 study—a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study of patients who had surgery for breast, colorectal, or gastric cancer. The primary outcomes were 30-day mortality and 30-day major complication rates. Potentially beneficial hospital facilities were identified by variable selection to select those associated with 30-day mortality. Adjusted outcomes were determined using generalised estimating equations to account for patient characteristics and country-income group, with population stratification by hospital. Findings: Between April 1, 2018, and April 23, 2019, facility-level data were collected for 9685 patients across 238 hospitals in 66 countries (91 hospitals in 20 high-income countries; 57 hospitals in 19 upper-middle-income countries; and 90 hospitals in 27 low-income to lower-middle-income countries). The availability of five hospital facilities was inversely associated with mortality: ultrasound, CT scanner, critical care unit, opioid analgesia, and oncologist. After adjustment for case-mix and country income group, hospitals with three or fewer of these facilities (62 hospitals, 1294 patients) had higher mortality compared with those with four or five (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 3·85 [95% CI 2·58–5·75]; p<0·0001), with excess mortality predominantly explained by a limited capacity to rescue following the development of major complications (63·0% vs 82·7%; OR 0·35 [0·23–0·53]; p<0·0001). Across LMICs, improvements in hospital facilities would prevent one to three deaths for every 100 patients undergoing surgery for cancer. Interpretation: Hospitals with higher levels of infrastructure and resources have better outcomes after cancer surgery, independent of country income. Without urgent strengthening of hospital infrastructure and resources, the reductions in cancer-associated mortality associated with improved access will not be realised. Funding: National Institute for Health and Care Research